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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining acid-base balance?
What is the primary function of the kidneys in maintaining acid-base balance?
- Regulating blood pH by secreting hydrogen ions
- Excreting excess potassium ions to regulate blood pH
- Producing erythropoietin to regulate red blood cell production
- Reabsorbing bicarbonate ions to maintain blood pH 7.4 (correct)
Which hormone released by the kidneys regulates the water-salt balance of the blood?
Which hormone released by the kidneys regulates the water-salt balance of the blood?
- Renin
- Aldosterone (correct)
- Vitamin D
- Erythropoietin
What is the primary function of the kidneys in regulating blood pressure?
What is the primary function of the kidneys in regulating blood pressure?
- Excreting excess hormones
- Producing vitamin D
- Regulating ion concentrations in the blood (correct)
- Regulating blood pH
What is the process by which the kidneys synthesize glucose from amino acids and other precursors during prolonged fasting?
What is the process by which the kidneys synthesize glucose from amino acids and other precursors during prolonged fasting?
Which ion is reabsorbed by the kidneys to maintain blood pH?
Which ion is reabsorbed by the kidneys to maintain blood pH?
What is the normal pH of the blood?
What is the normal pH of the blood?
What is the function of erythropoietin released by the kidneys?
What is the function of erythropoietin released by the kidneys?
Which organ synthesizes vitamin D to promote calcium ion absorption?
Which organ synthesizes vitamin D to promote calcium ion absorption?
What is the primary nitrogenous end product of metabolism in humans?
What is the primary nitrogenous end product of metabolism in humans?
What is the role of the urinary system in maintaining pH homeostasis?
What is the role of the urinary system in maintaining pH homeostasis?
What condition can be caused by elevated urea levels in the blood?
What condition can be caused by elevated urea levels in the blood?
What waste product results from the breakdown of creatine phosphate?
What waste product results from the breakdown of creatine phosphate?
How does the liver reduce the toxicity of ammonia?
How does the liver reduce the toxicity of ammonia?
What can occur if too much uric acid is present in the blood?
What can occur if too much uric acid is present in the blood?
Which organ system removes metabolic waste materials from the body?
Which organ system removes metabolic waste materials from the body?
What is a principal function of the kidneys?
What is a principal function of the kidneys?
Which organ is primarily responsible for producing urea?
Which organ is primarily responsible for producing urea?
What is the role of aquaporins in the nephron?
What is the role of aquaporins in the nephron?
During kidney failure, what substance forms on the skin due to urea excretion?
During kidney failure, what substance forms on the skin due to urea excretion?
What precedes the reabsorption of water in the nephron?
What precedes the reabsorption of water in the nephron?
Which ions are reabsorbed or excreted by the kidneys as needed?
Which ions are reabsorbed or excreted by the kidneys as needed?
Where does most of the water reabsorption occur in the nephron?
Where does most of the water reabsorption occur in the nephron?
How do the kidneys contribute to maintaining homeostasis?
How do the kidneys contribute to maintaining homeostasis?
What happens to most of the sodium ions filtered at the glomerulus?
What happens to most of the sodium ions filtered at the glomerulus?
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