Renal Function Regulation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What occurs when the afferent arteriole is constricted?

  • Increased GFR, increased RPF, and no change to FF
  • Increased GFR, decreased RPF, and increased FF
  • Decreased GFR, decreased RPF, and unchanged FF (correct)
  • Decreased GFR, increased RPF, and decreased FF

How does increased plasma protein concentration affect renal function?

  • Increased GFR, decreased FF, and no change to RPF
  • Decreased GFR, decreased FF, and no change to RPF (correct)
  • Increased GFR, increased FF, and no change to RPF
  • Decreased GFR, increased FF, and no change to RPF

What is the effect of efferent arteriole constriction due to Angiotensin 2?

  • Decreased GFR, decreased RPF, and no change to FF
  • Increased GFR, no change in RPF, and decreased FF
  • Increased GFR, no change in RPF, and increased FF (correct)
  • Decreased GFR, no change in RPF, and increased FF

Which of the following options correctly describes the renal response to dehydration?

<p>Decreased GFR, decreased RPF, and increased FF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do prostaglandins have on renal function?

<p>Increased GFR, no change in RPF, and no change in FF (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of reduced renal plasma flow (RPF) on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

<p>GFR will decrease due to lower blood supply. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios results in a decreased filtration fraction (FF)?

<p>Constriction of the ureter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient experiences a sudden drop in their GFR and RPF, which of the following might be the primary cause?

<p>Constriction of the afferent arteriole. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in plasma protein concentration affect the balance between GFR and FF?

<p>GFR decreases while FF decreases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does NOT lead to a decreased GFR?

<p>Prostaglandins (Afferent arteriole dilation). (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient presents with an elevated filtration fraction (FF). Which of the following scenarios could explain this finding?

<p>Efferent arteriole constriction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the most likely combined effect on GFR and RPF of significant afferent arteriole constriction?

<p>Decreased GFR and decreased RPF. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient's GFR is reduced due to ureter constriction, and no other factors are at play in the short term, how is the filtration fraction (FF) most likely to respond?

<p>The FF will decrease. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient experiencing dehydration has a decreased GFR and decreased RPF, how will their filtration fraction (FF) likely be affected?

<p>FF will increase. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Angiotensin 2 is known to cause which of the following renal adjustments?

<p>Decreased GFR and increased FF. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of decreased plasma protein concentration on renal function?

<p>Increased GFR and increased FF (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when there is a constriction of the ureter?

<p>Decreased GFR and decreased FF (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected outcome of dehydration on GFR, RPF, and FF?

<p>Decreased GFR, decreased RPF, increased FF (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does afferent arteriole constriction affect renal function?

<p>Decreased GFR and RPF (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of Angiotensin 2 on filtration fraction?

<p>Increased FF with decreased GFR (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of dehydration on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF)?

<p>GFR decreases and RPF decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does constriction of the ureter affect renal function?

<p>Decreases both GFR and filtration fraction (FF) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to filtration fraction (FF) when plasma protein concentration decreases?

<p>FF increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between efferent arteriole constriction and filtration fraction (FF)?

<p>Increases FF along with GFR (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when there is an increase in plasma protein concentration?

<p>GFR decreases and FF decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Afferent Arteriole Constriction

Reduces both GFR and RPF, limiting kidney filtration.

Efferent Arteriole Constriction (Angiotensin 2)

Increases GFR and Filtration Fraction while RPF remains unchanged.

Increased Plasma Protein Concentration

Decreases both GFR and Filtration Fraction due to higher oncotic pressure.

Dehydration Effect

Decreases both GFR and RPF, but increases Filtration Fraction as kidneys conserve water.

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Prostaglandins Effect

Increases GFR by dilating the afferent arteriole, enhancing blood flow into glomeruli.

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Constriction of Ureter

Decreases both GFR and Filtration Fraction due to outflow obstruction.

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Angiotensin 2 Effect

Causes decreased RPF but increased Filtration Fraction due to constriction effects.

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Renal Plasma Flow (RPF)

The volume of plasma that flows through the kidneys per unit time.

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Filtration Fraction (FF)

The ratio of GFR to RPF, indicating the efficiency of filtration.

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Prostaglandins Effect on GFR

Dilation of the afferent arteriole increases GFR by enhancing blood flow.

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Efferent Arteriole Constriction Impact

Increases GFR and FF, while RPF remains unchanged due to increased pressure.

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Afferent Arteriole Dilation by Prostaglandins

Increases GFR due to increased blood flow into glomeruli without affecting RPF.

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Dehydration Influence on Renal Function

Decreases both GFR and RPF, increases Filtration Fraction as kidneys conserve water.

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Constriction of Ureter Effect

Decreases both GFR and Filtration Fraction due to obstruction in outflow.

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Constriction of Ureter Impact

Decreases GFR and Filtration Fraction, causing decreased flow due to blockage.

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Angiotensin 2 Effect on GFR

Decreases RPF while increasing Filtration Fraction, due to constriction effects.

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Prostaglandins and Afferent Dilation

Increases GFR by dilating the afferent arteriole, enhancing blood supply.

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Effect of Dehydration on Kidneys

Decreases both GFR and RPF, but increases Filtration Fraction to conserve water.

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Study Notes

Renal Function Regulation

  • Afferent Arteriole Constriction: Decreases glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
  • Efferent Arteriole Constriction (with Angiotensin 2): Increases GFR.
  • Increased plasma protein concentration: Decreases GFR.
  • Decreased plasma protein concentration: Increases GFR.
  • Ureter constriction: Decreases GFR.
  • Dehydration: Decreases GFR.
  • Prostaglandins (Afferent arteriole dilation): Increases GFR.
  • Angiotensin 2: Decreases Renal Plasma Flow (RPF) and increases GFR.
  • Increased Plasma Protein Concentration: Decreases Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR).
  • Decreased Plasma Protein Concentration: Increases GFR.
  • Afferent Arteriole Constriction: Decreases GFR.

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