Renal and Urinary Tract Function Assessment Quiz

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What is the most accurate indicator of renal function?

Protein in urine

Glucose in urine

Creatinine clearance (correct)

Urine color changes

Which radiological procedure requires a full bladder for optimal results?

CT scan

MRI

Intravenous urography (IVP)

Ultrasonography (correct)

What is the purpose of injecting a radioisotope for nuclear scans in renal evaluation?

To evaluate hypertension

To detect protein in urine

To monitor glucose levels in urine

To differentiate renal cysts from tumors (correct)

Which diagnostic evaluation method involves the administration of a radiopaque contrast agent IV to visualize the upper and lower urinary system?

Renal angiography Signup and view all the answers

What do renal function tests, as mentioned in Table 43-5, primarily measure?

Renal function Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to calculate creatinine clearance for assessing the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

24-hour urine collection and serum creatinine level measurement Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of intravenous urography (IVP) in diagnostic evaluation?

To visualize kidneys, ureter, and bladder via x-ray imaging Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if a urine specimen cannot be sent directly to the lab for examination?

It should be refrigerated immediately Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic study requires a scintillation camera placed behind the kidney with the patient in a supine, prone, or seated position?

Nuclear scans Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ultrasonography in diagnostic evaluation?

To differentiate renal cysts from tumors Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the renal and urinary systems?

Removal of waste products Signup and view all the answers

Where is the nephron found in the kidney?

Cortex Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

125 ml/min Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity of an adult bladder?

300 to 500 ml Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the kidney is responsible for the reabsorption of substances from the filtrate?

Distal convoluted tubule Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of normal adult urine output per day?

1200-1500 ml/day Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the renal and urinary systems is responsible for regulating acid-base balance?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the ureters in the urinary system?

Transport of urine from kidneys to bladder Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the nephron consists of a capillary network with a semi-permeable membrane that allows filtration of blood?

Glomerulus Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vitamin D synthesis in its active form by the kidneys?

Regulation of calcium balance Signup and view all the answers