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Renaissance Humanism Flashcards
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Renaissance Humanism Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is Humanism?

  • A religious reform movement
  • A Renaissance intellectual movement focusing on human potential (correct)
  • A political ideology
  • An artistic style
  • Who is considered the father of Humanism?

    Petrarch

    What did Jean Calvin stress in his doctrines?

    Predestination

    What was the Protestant Reformation?

    <p>A religious movement to reform the Roman Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which German theologian was a key figure in the Reformation?

    <p>Martin Luther</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 95 Theses?

    <p>Arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Ulrich Zwingli?

    <p>Leader of the Swiss Reformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the Hundred Years War?

    <p>A series of campaigns over control of the throne of France</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did François Rabelais critique in his work 'Gargantua'?

    <p>The scholastic approach of the Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is 'The Prince' about?

    <p>A work on ethics and government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Sorbonne?

    <p>A university located in Paris, France</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the Humanities?

    <p>Branches of knowledge concerned with human beings and their culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Erasmus?

    <p>A Dutch Humanist and friend of Sir Thomas More</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'The Praise of Folly' address?

    <p>The follies of 16th century society, especially the church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Christian Humanism?

    <p>A movement combining classical learning with reforming the Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'Oration on the Dignity of Man' discuss?

    <p>The nature of humankind and free will</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was Sir Thomas More?

    <p>An Englishman who wrote 'Utopia'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Enlightenment?

    <p>An intellectual movement stemming from Humanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Humanism

    • Renaissance intellectual movement emphasizing classical texts and human potential.
    • Focused on achievements of individuals, moving away from solely religious themes.

    Petrarch

    • Known as the father of humanism, he marked the start of a new era, labeling the previous period as the "Dark Ages".
    • Advocated for the belief that human talents are divine gifts to be fully utilized.

    Jean Calvin

    • Key figure in 16th-century Protestantism, emphasizing predestination.
    • Established a center in Geneva and promoted government access and public education.
    • Calvinism spread to Northern Europe and North America.

    Protestant Reformation

    • Religious movement aimed at reforming the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century.
    • Resulted in the emergence of various Protestant churches.

    Martin Luther

    • German theologian and prominent leader of the Reformation.
    • Opposed papal wealth and corruption, advocating for salvation through faith alone.
    • Excommunicated in 1521 and confirmed the Augsburg Confession in 1530, founding the Lutheran Church.

    95 Theses

    • Arguments by Martin Luther criticizing Catholic Church practices, particularly indulgences.
    • Posted on October 31, 1517, in Wittenberg, Germany, highlighting church excesses.

    Ulrich Zwingli

    • Leader of the Swiss Reformation who rejected transubstantiation.
    • Received support from the city of Zurich, with followers becoming Anabaptists posthumously.

    Hundred Years War

    • A series of conflicts between England and France over the French throne.
    • Resulted in England losing almost all French territories except Calais.

    François Rabelais

    • French Franciscan humanist and satirist, author of "Gargantua".
    • Critiqued the scholastic methods of the Catholic Church and emphasized the importance of education.

    Machiavelli

    • Renaissance writer and former politician known for "The Prince".
    • Explored governance ethics, suggesting that rulers might disregard morality for power, summarized by "the end justifies the means".

    Sorbonne

    • A major university in Paris, founded in the 12th century.
    • Known for its comprehensive focus on humanities and classical studies.

    Humanities

    • Branches of study focused on human culture, including philosophy, literature, and the arts, distinct from scientific disciplines.

    Erasmus

    • Dutch humanist (c. 1466-1536), an intellectual figure and friend of Thomas More.
    • Proposed that reform within the Catholic Church was possible without the need for a Reformation, author of "Praise of Folly".

    The Praise of Folly

    • A satirical work by Erasmus exposing societal follies, particularly within the church.

    Christian Humanism

    • Movement combining classical learning with efforts to reform the Catholic Church, primarily in Northern Europe.

    Oration on the Dignity of Man

    • A seminal work by Pico della Mirandola, illustrating the unique nature of humans with free will and moral choices.

    Sir Thomas More

    • English lawyer and politician, author of "Utopia", which critiqued societal issues as stemming from greed.
    • Executed by Henry VIII for his unwavering religious beliefs.

    Enlightenment

    • An intellectual movement emerging from humanism in the 1700s, emphasizing reason and individualism.

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    Explore key concepts and figures of Renaissance Humanism through interactive flashcards. This quiz focuses on the intellectual movement that emphasized human potential and achievements, featuring prominent thinkers like Petrarch.

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