Renaissance Architecture in Portugal
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Renaissance Architecture in Portugal

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Questions and Answers

What is primarily characterized by the combination of Gothic and Renaissance elements in its design?

  • Classical architecture
  • Baroque architecture
  • Neoclassical architecture
  • Manueline style (correct)

    • Which building is considered a prime example of the Manueline style in Lisbon?

  • São Jorge Castle
  • Jerónimos Monastery
  • Casa dos Bicos
  • Belém Tower (correct)

    • What style succeeded the Manueline style during the early Renaissance in Portugal?

  • Early Renaissance phase (correct)
  • Isabelline style
  • Classical style
  • Mannerist style

    • Which architectural feature is NOT typically associated with the Manueline style?

    <p>Geometric symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Casa dos Bicos is notable for its facade influenced by which style?

    <p>Italian Renaissance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year was the Jerónimos Monastery designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

    <p>1983</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following buildings is primarily used as a museum in modern times?

    <p>Casa dos Bicos</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event in 1755 affected the Casa dos Bicos?

    <p>An earthquake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who undertook the project of the Lescot wing of the Louvre?

    <p>Pierre Lescot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What architectural styles influenced the Hôtel d’Assézat?

    <p>Italian Mannerism and classicism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which church features a facade with a classical pediment and balustrades?

    <p>Saint-Étienne-du-Mont</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which church is noted for being second in size only to Notre-Dame de Paris?

    <p>Saint-Eustache</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of architecture predominated in French religious buildings during the Renaissance?

    <p>Gothic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinctive feature of the Church of Saint-Eustache?

    <p>It combines Flamboyant Gothic and Renaissance elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What notable ornamentation characterizes the Hôtel d’Assézat?

    <p>Exuberant decorations influenced by Italian Mannerism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is recognized as one of the finest religious monuments of the French Renaissance?

    <p>Basilica of Saint Denis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant architectural trend during the Elizabethan era?

    <p>Building of domestic houses for the wealthy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes a prodigy house in the Elizabethan context?

    <p>Large and showy structures for nobles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who played a significant role in introducing classical architecture into French architecture?

    <p>Jacques I Androuet du Cerceau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these architects is recognized as a pioneer of Italian Renaissance architecture in England?

    <p>Inigo Jones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architectural style is characterized by the combination of classical orders and candelabra motifs?

    <p>Plateresque</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the original name of the Fontaine des Innocents?

    <p>Fountain of the Nymphs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which elements were commonly reflected in the design of prodigy houses?

    <p>Accents of medieval castle architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cathedral was constructed between 1528 and 1782 and follows a Renaissance style?

    <p>Malaga Cathedral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the boom in construction of domestic houses for the wealthy during the Elizabethan age?

    <p>Redistribution of ecclesiastical lands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Italian Mannerist architect contributed to the Palace of Fontainebleau?

    <p>Sebastiano Serlio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was one of the architects associated with the Plateresque style in Andalusia?

    <p>Diego Siloe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Elizabethan architecture?

    <p>Focus on building large-scale urban hospitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatise did Sebastiano Serlio publish that canonized classical orders of architecture?

    <p>I sette libri dell’architettura</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the architectural style of the Palace of Charles V in Granada?

    <p>Mannerism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year was the Fontaine des Innocents constructed?

    <p>1547</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why were many prodigy houses strategically located near major roads?

    <p>To easily accommodate visitors of Queen Elizabeth I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which architect is noted for the creation of the Herrerian style characterized by sober designs?

    <p>Juan Bautista de Toledo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What architectural style influenced Inigo Jones during his studies in Italy?

    <p>Palladian architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which French architect was known for his work on cabinetry and decorative designs in the 16th century?

    <p>Jacques I Androuet du Cerceau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What period does the High Spanish Renaissance Architecture: Purism refer to?

    <p>Late 15th to early 16th century</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which building is known as the largest Renaissance building in the world?

    <p>El Escorial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political figure invited Sebastiano Serlio to France?

    <p>François I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What style developed from the influence of ancient Rome in the late Spanish Renaissance architecture?

    <p>Almost Mannerism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which German artist or philosopher influenced the Renaissance architecture in Germany?

    <p>Albrecht Dürer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Spanish Royal Sites and Architecture

    • Functions as a monastery, basilica, royal palace, pantheon, library, museum, university, school, and hospital.

    Renaissance Architecture in Portugal

    • Gradual adoption of Renaissance style marked by the Manueline style (c. 1490–1535).
    • Manueline combines Renaissance elements with Gothic structures and exuberant ornamentation, akin to Isabelline Gothic in Spain.
    • Key examples:
      • Belém Tower: Defensive structure with Gothic form and Renaissance loggias.
      • Jerónimos Monastery: Notable for its Renaissance decorations in portals, columns, and cloisters.
    • Early Renaissance phase (c. 1530–1550) followed by Mannerist forms.

    Important Structures

    • Casa dos Bicos: Early 16th-century historical house in Lisbon with a façade influenced by Italian Renaissance and Manueline styles; served various purposes post-1755 earthquake, now houses the José Saramago Foundation.
    • Jerónimos Monastery: UNESCO World Heritage Site recognized in 1983, showcasing late Gothic Manueline architecture.

    French Renaissance Architecture

    • Less influence from Renaissance on religious architecture, which largely continued in Flamboyant Gothic style.
    • Classical elements appear in specific churches:
      • Saint-Germain l’Auxerrois and Saint-Nicolas-des-Champs: Romanesque portals influenced by the Palace of Tournelles.
      • Church of Saint-Étienne-du-Mont: Features gothic choir and classical façade.
      • Church of Saint-Eustache: Hybrid of Flamboyant Gothic and Renaissance styles.
    • Notable tomb of François I and Claude de France in Basilique de Saint Denis (1547–1561), significant for classical architectural elements.

    Public and Domestic Architecture

    • Fontaine des Innocents: Oldest monumental fountain in Paris, constructed (1547–1550) by Pierre Lescot and Jean Goujon.
    • Jacques I Androuet du Cerceau: Influential designer introducing Renaissance architecture to France.

    Influence of Italian Architecture

    • Sebastiano Serlio: Mannerist architect who codified classical architecture in his treatise; involved in the construction of the Palace of Fontainebleau.
    • Example of surviving work: Château of Ancy-le-Franc, built around 1546.

    Renaissance in Germany

    • Influenced by philosophers and artists like Albrecht Dürer; focus shifted from ecclesiastical to residential architecture.
    • Proliferation of grand houses known as prodigy houses displaying Mannerist styles.

    Prodigy Houses in England

    • Characterized by ambitious designs, often built for courtiers during Elizabeth I's reign (1570-1620).
    • Notable examples:
      • Wollaton Hall, Nottingham
      • Longleat House, Wiltshire
      • Burghley House, Cambridgeshire
      • Hatfield House

    Key Architects of the Elizabethan Period

    • Robert Adams, William Arnold, Inigo Jones: Notable for Italian Renaissance style in England, with Jones being the first prominent exponent.

    Spanish Renaissance Architecture

    • Characterized by Purism as generations progressed, moving away from Gothic elements.
    • Influential architects include Diego Siloe, Alonso de Covarrubias, and Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón, especially in Andalusia and Castile.

    Late Spanish Renaissance and Mannerism

    • Shift towards stricter adherence to ancient Roman aesthetics; notable figures: Pedro Machuca, Juan Bautista de Toledo, and Juan de Herrera.
    • El Escorial: Historic residence of the King of Spain, largest Renaissance building in the world, constructed 1563-1584 under Philip II.

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    Description

    Explore the evolution of Renaissance architecture in Portugal, focusing on the unique Manueline style that blends Gothic elements with Renaissance features. This quiz will cover various royal sites and their diverse functions over time. Test your knowledge on how this architectural style developed and its significance in Portugal.

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