Renaissance and Reformation Figures Quiz

I. Identify Figures and Concepts

• Bacchus: Roman god of wine and revelry
• Francesco Petrarch: Italian poet, considered the "father of Humanism," known for his Canzoniere
• Printing Press: In use in China and Korea before the Renaissance
• Sonnet to Laura: Petrarch's famous love poems dedicated to Laura
• Vitruvian Man: Leonardo da Vinci's drawing illustrating ideal human proportions
• Utopia: Thomas More's book describing a perfect society
• Lorenzo de Medici: Florentine ruler and art patron, key figure in Renaissance culture
• John Knox: Established the Presbyterian Church in Scotland
• Girolamo Savonarola: Ordered the destruction of Renaissance works
• Jan Hus: His persecution led to the Hussite Wars
• John Calvin: Proponent of predestination doctrine
• Martin Luther: Protested against corruption in the Church, an Augustinian monk
• Huldereich Zwingli: Spread Protestant thoughts in Zurich, Switzerland

II. Identify Figures and Concepts (Page 2)

• St. John of the Cross: Mystic who suffered physically from Catholic superiors
• St. Teresa of Avila: Mystic doctor of the church, founder of the Order of Barefoot nuns
• St. Francis Xavier: Spread Christianity in India, Sri Lanka, China, and Japan
• Mateo Ricci: Established a religious order ("soldiers of Christ")
• St. Edmund Campion: One of the "Forty Martyrs of England," converting Anglicans

III. Enumeration (Page 2)

• Humanities Subjects: Art, music, literature, religious studies, history, and philosophy
• Leonardo da Vinci's Works: Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, Vitruvian Man
• Factors Leading to Exploration: Improvements in maritime science, religious motives, competition for power and prestige, Commercial Revolution
• Importance of Magellan's Exploration: (Details not provided)

IV. Define Concepts (Page 3)

• Scholasticism: A medieval method of learning that combined faith and reason, attempting to reconcile Christian theology with ancient philosophy.
• Humanism: A Renaissance movement focusing on human potential, individualism, and the study of classical texts
• "What a glorious time to be alive": A phrase expressing excitement and optimism about living in a period of progress or opportunity
• "The end must justify the means": The idea that morally questionable actions are acceptable if they lead to a good outcome
• Renaissance: A period of cultural rebirth in Europe, focused on art, science, and classical learning
• Machiavellian: A political approach where achieving power justifies using deceit and manipulation
• Mannerism: A late Renaissance art style characterized by exaggerated forms and emotional intensity
• The Book of the Courtier by Baldassare Castiglione: A guide to the ideal behavior of a noble or courtier, emphasizing grace, intelligence, and etiquette

V. Literary Works and Styles (Page 5)

• Mannerism: A late Renaissance style emphasizing exaggeration, artificial poses, and emotional intensity, deviating from classical harmony
• Pieta: Michelangelo's sculpture of the Virgin Mary holding the dead body of Jesus
• The Last Judgment: Michelangelo's fresco depicting the second coming of Christ and the final judgment of souls
• The Prince: Machiavelli's political treatise advising rulers on gaining and maintaining power through pragmatic methods
• Utopia: Thomas More's book describing an ideal society
• Utopian: Referring to an idealized, perfect society that is often unrealistic or unattainable
• Vitruvian Man: Leonardo da Vinci's drawing illustrating human proportions based on ancient texts
• Don Quixote de la Mancha: Cervantes' novel about an idealistic knight-errant who reflects on idealism vs. reality

VI. Complete the Analogy (Page 4)

• (Analogies provided, but specific details about each Kingdom or Empire are not given.)

VII. Define (Page 6)

• Scholasticism: A medieval system of thought that attempted to harmonize reason and faith.
• Humanism: A Renaissance movement focused on human potential, classical learning, and individualism.
• "What a glorious time to be alive": A phrase expressing excitement and optimism for a period of progress
• "The end must justify the means": The idea that questionable actions are acceptable if they achieve a good outcome
• Renaissance: A period of cultural rebirth in Europe, emphasizing art, science, and classical learning
• Machiavellian: A political approach emphasizing ruthless tactics for power
• Mannerism: A late Renaissance art style characterized by exaggerated figures and emotional intensity
• In Praise of Folly: Erasmus' satirical work criticizing societal corruption, particularly church practices