Remote Sensing Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What does incident energy consist of?

  • Reflected, absorbed, and transmitted energy (correct)
  • Reflected energy only
  • Absorbed energy only
  • Transmitted energy only

How is the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) calculated?

  • NDVI = (NIR - Red) / (NIR + Red) (correct)
  • NDVI = NIR - Red
  • NDVI = NIR + Red
  • NDVI = (NIR + Red) / (NIR - Red)

What determines the level of detail visible in an image obtained from remote sensing technology?

  • Spectral reflectance
  • Spatial resolution (correct)
  • Digital number (DN)
  • Incident energy

What range of values does 8-bit digital imagery utilize to represent energy values?

<p>0 to 255 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total energy is represented by reflection if the portion p equals 50%?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of thermal infrared (TIR) in studying the atmosphere?

<p>Measuring heat sources and radiant heat energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of scattering is responsible for the blue color of the sky during the day?

<p>Rayleigh scattering (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines atmospheric windows in the context of electromagnetic energy?

<p>Wavelengths that pass through the atmosphere without significant absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does absorption relate to the color of objects, specifically a green shirt?

<p>It absorbs all colors except green, which is reflected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is incident energy regarding its interaction with an object?

<p>The total energy that interacts with an object per wavelength (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infrared band is often utilized in satellite imagery and color infrared photography?

<p>0.7 - 1.3 μm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of scattering occurs when particles causing scattering are significantly smaller than the wavelengths involved?

<p>Rayleigh scattering (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infrared wavelength range is primarily used to measure heat sources and radiant heat energy?

<p>3.0 - 14.0 μm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following infrared bands is associated with the study of water content in plants?

<p>1.3 - 3.0 μm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which atmospheric window range experiences minimal absorption by the Earth's atmosphere?

<p>0.4 - 0.7 μm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily distinguishes active remote sensing from passive remote sensing?

<p>Active remote sensing generates its own energy. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct statement about the speed of light?

<p>It is a constant speed in a vacuum. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What wavelength range corresponds to visible light as detected by human eyes?

<p>0.4 to 0.7 micrometers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take sunlight to reach Earth from the sun?

<p>Approximately 8.3 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which devices would be considered examples of active remote sensing?

<p>Radar and Lidar systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the equation 'Frequency x Wavelength = Speed of light' illustrate?

<p>A fundamental relationship in electromagnetic energy. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a micrometer a measurement of?

<p>The thickness of a bacterium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are bees able to see ultraviolet light?

<p>Ultraviolet light is within their visible spectrum range. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does spatial resolution indicate in image analysis?

<p>The size of the area on the ground represented by one pixel. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of digital numbers (DN) in 8-bit energy-digital imagery?

<p>0 to 255 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which description accurately defines panchromatic imagery?

<p>Black and white imagery of the entire visible spectrum. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of multispectral imagery?

<p>It can sense several bands of imagery at once. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a color composite image utilize to display imagery?

<p>Three color guns representing RGB. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Incident Energy

The total energy interacting with an object.

Spectral Reflectance

Percentage of reflected energy, per wavelength.

NDVI

Measures vegetation health using light.

Spatial Resolution

Size of area on ground per pixel.

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Digital Number (DN)

Measured energy at one pixel.

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Atmospheric window

Wavelengths of electromagnetic energy passing through the Earth's atmosphere with minimal absorption.

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NIR (Near Infrared)

Infrared wavelengths from 0.7 to 1.3 μm, often used in satellite imagery and color infrared photography.

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SWIR/MIR (Shortwave/Middle Infrared)

Infrared wavelengths from 1.3 to 3.0 μm, often used for measuring water content in plants.

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TIR (Thermal Infrared)

Infrared wavelengths from 3.0 to 14.0 μm, used to measure heat sources and radiant heat energy.

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Rayleigh scattering

Light scattering by tiny particles much smaller than the wavelength.

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Mie scattering

Scattering of light by particles roughly the same size as the light's wavelength, e.g., dust and smoke.

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Non-selective scattering

Scattering of light by larger particles than the light's wavelength, causing a white appearance, e.g., clouds.

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Thermal Infrared (TIR)

Electromagnetic energy in the 3.0-14.0 micrometer range, used to measure heat.

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Remote Sensing

Gathering information about an object on Earth using a sensor from a distance

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Active Remote Sensing

Sensor emits its own energy to target (like laser or radar), measures reflected energy.

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Passive Remote Sensing

Sensor measures energy reflected or emitted by a target.

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Electromagnetic Energy

Energy that travels in waves, like light.

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Sun

Main energy source for remote sensing measurements from Earth. Takes 8.3 minutes for light to travel from sun to Earth

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Speed of Light

300 million meters per second

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Electromagnetic Spectrum

Range of wavelengths of electromagnetic energy, from radio waves to gamma rays

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Wavelength

Distance between corresponding points on two successive waves

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What limits visual information in an image?

Spatial resolution determines the size of the ground area represented by a single pixel. A higher resolution means smaller areas are represented by each pixel, providing a greater amount of detail.

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What is a Digital Number (DN)?

A Digital Number (DN) represents the amount of energy measured at a single pixel. It is often expressed as a numerical value on a scale.

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Panchromatic Imagery

Panchromatic imagery combines all visible wavelengths of light to create a single black and white image.

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Multispectral Imagery

Multispectral imagery captures images in multiple bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, allowing us to see different aspects of the world.

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Color Composite

A color composite image uses three different bands of imagery to create a colored image, representing a scene as we would see it with our eyes.

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