21 Questions
What are the main hormones involved in the initiation and maintenance of parturition?
Sex steroids, oxytocin, prostaglandins, and relaxin
What is the primary effect of oxytocin during parturition?
Induction of myometrial contraction
During which phase of parturition does the myometrium transform from a quiescent state to a highly contractile state?
Transformation/Activation Phase 1
What happens immediately after the expulsion of uterine content during parturition?
Uterine homeostasis is facilitated by myometrial contractions
Which hormones are primarily responsible for mammary gland development during pregnancy and lactation?
Estrogen and progesterone
What is the role of prolactin in lactation?
Promoting mammary gland development
What is the primary stimulus for the release of oxytocin during labor?
Distention of the cervix (Ferguson Reflex)
What role does progesterone play in the initiation of human labor?
Lowers excitability of myometrial cells
What is the function of estrogen in labor?
Increases myometrial contractility
Which hormone is synthesized in the hypothalamus and plays a crucial role in stimulating uterine smooth muscle contractions?
Oxytocin
What is the effect of oxytocin on uterine smooth muscle contraction?
Increases contractility
When does oxytocin levels peak significantly during labor?
In early labor
What is the primary action of Relaxin during pregnancy?
Maintain the uterus in a quiet state
Which hormone is responsible for the initiation of milk secretion after childbirth?
Prolactin
What stimulates the release of oxytocin for the 'Milk Let Down' process?
Sucking and nipple stimulation
Which hormone plays a crucial role in promoting mammary growth?
Estrogens
In lactation, what is the main function of oxytocin?
Uterine contractions
What is the main action of prolactin in the context of lactation?
Promotion of mammary growth
Which hormone is essential for milk production and maintenance?
Prolactin
What is the physiological role of Prostaglandins in lactation?
Enhance milk ejection
What is the main effect of oxytocin on myoepithelial cells during lactation?
Contraction of myoepithelial cells surrounding alveoli
This quiz covers the production and roles of relaxin and prostaglandins in pregnancy. It discusses how relaxin helps maintain the uterus during pregnancy and softens the cervix, while prostaglandins play a role in initiating labor by stimulating uterine smooth muscle contractions.
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