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Questions and Answers
In a fixed ratio 10 (FR 10) schedule, how many lever presses are required for the rat to obtain food?
In a fixed ratio 10 (FR 10) schedule, how many lever presses are required for the rat to obtain food?
- 20
- 15
- 10 (correct)
- 5
Which reinforcement schedule is similar to a continuous reinforcement schedule (CRF) in which each response is reinforced?
Which reinforcement schedule is similar to a continuous reinforcement schedule (CRF) in which each response is reinforced?
- Variable Interval (VI)
- Fixed Ratio (FR) (correct)
- Variable Ratio (VR)
- Fixed Interval (FI)
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high rate of response along with a short pause following the attainment of each reinforcer?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high rate of response along with a short pause following the attainment of each reinforcer?
- Variable Interval (VI)
- Fixed Ratio (FR) (correct)
- Fixed Interval (FI)
- Variable Ratio (VR)
In a variable ratio 20 (VR 20) schedule, how many lever presses on average are required for the rat to obtain food?
In a variable ratio 20 (VR 20) schedule, how many lever presses on average are required for the rat to obtain food?
Which schedule of reinforcement is contingent upon the first response after a fixed, predictable period of time?
Which schedule of reinforcement is contingent upon the first response after a fixed, predictable period of time?
What is the abbreviation for a schedule in which 15 responses are required for each reinforcer?
What is the abbreviation for a schedule in which 15 responses are required for each reinforcer?
Which theory of reinforcement suggests that obtaining food reduces the hunger drive induced by food deprivation?
Which theory of reinforcement suggests that obtaining food reduces the hunger drive induced by food deprivation?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high and steady rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high and steady rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
What type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
What type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
Which schedule of reinforcement is contingent upon a varying, unpredictable number of responses?
Which schedule of reinforcement is contingent upon a varying, unpredictable number of responses?
What type of reinforcement schedule is abbreviated as FR 15?
What type of reinforcement schedule is abbreviated as FR 15?
Which type of schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
Which type of schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
What type of reinforcement schedule produces a moderate, steady rate of response with little or no post-reinforcement pause?
What type of reinforcement schedule produces a moderate, steady rate of response with little or no post-reinforcement pause?
Which contingency governing behavior is similar to a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement?
Which contingency governing behavior is similar to a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement?
According to the Premack Principle, a reinforcer can be:
According to the Premack Principle, a reinforcer can be:
What did Sheffield propose regarding reinforcement?
What did Sheffield propose regarding reinforcement?
Incentive motivation is primarily concerned with:
Incentive motivation is primarily concerned with:
One of the problems with applying the Premack Principle is:
One of the problems with applying the Premack Principle is:
How does the erosion effect impact reinforcement?
How does the erosion effect impact reinforcement?
What does the Premack Principle propose about reinforcers?
What does the Premack Principle propose about reinforcers?
According to the Premack principle, which behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
According to the Premack principle, which behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
What is the important aspect for Allison & Timberlake in determining if a behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
What is the important aspect for Allison & Timberlake in determining if a behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
In the scenario where Kaily must watch 4.5 hours of television each day in order to have access to her comic books, why is this likely to be an ineffective contingency according to the Premack principle?
In the scenario where Kaily must watch 4.5 hours of television each day in order to have access to her comic books, why is this likely to be an ineffective contingency according to the Premack principle?
Drinking a soda to quench your thirst is an example of:
Drinking a soda to quench your thirst is an example of:
According to the Premack principle, which scenario could be used as a reinforcer for yardwork?
According to the Premack principle, which scenario could be used as a reinforcer for yardwork?
What is incentive motivation primarily concerned with?
What is incentive motivation primarily concerned with?
In a fixed ratio 10 (FR 10) schedule, how many lever presses are required for the rat to obtain food?
In a fixed ratio 10 (FR 10) schedule, how many lever presses are required for the rat to obtain food?
Which schedule of reinforcement generally produces a high rate of response along with a short pause following the attainment of each reinforcer?
Which schedule of reinforcement generally produces a high rate of response along with a short pause following the attainment of each reinforcer?
What is the abbreviation for a schedule in which 15 responses are required for each reinforcer?
What is the abbreviation for a schedule in which 15 responses are required for each reinforcer?
Which type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
Which type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
Which schedule of reinforcement is contingent upon a varying, unpredictable number of responses?
Which schedule of reinforcement is contingent upon a varying, unpredictable number of responses?
Which type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high and steady rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
Which type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high and steady rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
What is the abbreviation for a schedule in which 15 responses are required for each reinforcer?
What is the abbreviation for a schedule in which 15 responses are required for each reinforcer?
Which theory of reinforcement includes Drive Reduction Theory, Drive Induction Theory, Premack Principle, and Response Deprivation Hypothesis?
Which theory of reinforcement includes Drive Reduction Theory, Drive Induction Theory, Premack Principle, and Response Deprivation Hypothesis?
What does obtaining food as a reinforcer reduce according to the text?
What does obtaining food as a reinforcer reduce according to the text?
"The contingency governing behaviors, such as asking for a date, can be similar to which schedule of reinforcement?"
"The contingency governing behaviors, such as asking for a date, can be similar to which schedule of reinforcement?"
What is the contingency governing behaviors similar to Fixed Interval (FI) reinforcement?
What is the contingency governing behaviors similar to Fixed Interval (FI) reinforcement?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
Which schedule of reinforcement will result in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
Which schedule of reinforcement will result in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally results in a moderate, steady rate of response with little or no post-reinforcement pause?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally results in a moderate, steady rate of response with little or no post-reinforcement pause?
According to the text, what type of schedules are dense and have easily obtained reinforcers?
According to the text, what type of schedules are dense and have easily obtained reinforcers?
What does the Premack principle state?
What does the Premack principle state?
What did Sheffield propose regarding reinforcement?
What did Sheffield propose regarding reinforcement?
What is incentive motivation primarily concerned with?
What is incentive motivation primarily concerned with?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
Which contingency governing behavior is similar to a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement?
Which contingency governing behavior is similar to a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement?
"Every reinforcement event changes the probability of the response, leading to variability in the reinforcement event and the erosion of reinforcement power." What does this statement refer to?
"Every reinforcement event changes the probability of the response, leading to variability in the reinforcement event and the erosion of reinforcement power." What does this statement refer to?
Which scenario could be used as a reinforcer for yardwork according to the Premack principle?
Which scenario could be used as a reinforcer for yardwork according to the Premack principle?
What type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
What type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
What is one problem with applying the Premack principle?
What is one problem with applying the Premack principle?
What did Sheffield propose about reinforcement?
What did Sheffield propose about reinforcement?
Which theory suggests that obtaining food reduces hunger drive induced by food deprivation?
Which theory suggests that obtaining food reduces hunger drive induced by food deprivation?
Which type of schedule generally produces high rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
Which type of schedule generally produces high rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
According to the Premack principle, which behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
According to the Premack principle, which behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
What is incentive motivation primarily concerned with?
What is incentive motivation primarily concerned with?
In a fixed ratio 10 (FR 10) schedule, how many lever presses are required for the rat to obtain food?
In a fixed ratio 10 (FR 10) schedule, how many lever presses are required for the rat to obtain food?
Which reinforcement schedule is similar to a continuous reinforcement schedule (CRF) in which each response is reinforced?
Which reinforcement schedule is similar to a continuous reinforcement schedule (CRF) in which each response is reinforced?
According to Allison & Timberlake, what is the important aspect in determining if a behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
According to Allison & Timberlake, what is the important aspect in determining if a behavior can be used as a reinforcer?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high and steady rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
What type of reinforcement schedule generally produces a high and steady rate of response with little or no postreinforcement pause?
Which contingency governing behavior is similar to a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement?
Which contingency governing behavior is similar to a Fixed Interval (FI) schedule of reinforcement?
Which type of schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
Which type of schedule generally produces postreinforcement pauses?
According to the Premack principle, which scenario could be used as a reinforcer for yardwork?
According to the Premack principle, which scenario could be used as a reinforcer for yardwork?
What did Sheffield propose regarding reinforcement?
What did Sheffield propose regarding reinforcement?
One of the problems with applying the Premack Principle is:
One of the problems with applying the Premack Principle is:
What type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
What type of reinforcement schedule results in a longer pause due to the higher number of responses required for reinforcement?
Study Notes
The Premack Principle in Reinforcement Theory
- Reinforcing stimuli can be associated with a reduction in physiological drive, strengthening the behavior performed before the drive reduction.
- Some reinforcers do not seem to be associated with any type of drive reduction, suggesting that incentive motivation could be the key.
- Incentive motivation is about the attractiveness of the reward, while drive reduction is about satisfying a biological need.
- Sheffield proposed that it's not the drive reduction, but the induction of drive that makes a stimulus a reinforcer.
- Reinforcers can often be viewed as behaviors rather than stimuli, and the process of reinforcement can be conceptualized as a sequence of two behaviors.
- The Premack principle states that a higher probability behavior can be used as a reinforcer for a lower probability behavior.
- The Premack principle can be applied in settings where normal reinforcers seem to have little effect, such as with individuals with autism.
- One problem with the Premack principle is the fluctuation of behavior probabilities, making it difficult to measure.
- Another problem arises when two behaviors have the same probability, and initial probabilities are not stable over time.
- Every reinforcement event changes the probability of the response, leading to variability in the reinforcement event and the erosion of reinforcement power.
- The erosion effect occurs after extensive usage of the same reinforcement, causing a decline in its effectiveness.
- The Premack principle holds that reinforcers can often be viewed as behaviors rather than stimuli, and a higher probability behavior can be used as a reinforcer for a lower probability behavior.
The Premack Principle in Reinforcement Theory
- Reinforcing stimuli can be associated with a reduction in physiological drive, strengthening the behavior performed before the drive reduction.
- Some reinforcers do not seem to be associated with any type of drive reduction, suggesting that incentive motivation could be the key.
- Incentive motivation is about the attractiveness of the reward, while drive reduction is about satisfying a biological need.
- Sheffield proposed that it's not the drive reduction, but the induction of drive that makes a stimulus a reinforcer.
- Reinforcers can often be viewed as behaviors rather than stimuli, and the process of reinforcement can be conceptualized as a sequence of two behaviors.
- The Premack principle states that a higher probability behavior can be used as a reinforcer for a lower probability behavior.
- The Premack principle can be applied in settings where normal reinforcers seem to have little effect, such as with individuals with autism.
- One problem with the Premack principle is the fluctuation of behavior probabilities, making it difficult to measure.
- Another problem arises when two behaviors have the same probability, and initial probabilities are not stable over time.
- Every reinforcement event changes the probability of the response, leading to variability in the reinforcement event and the erosion of reinforcement power.
- The erosion effect occurs after extensive usage of the same reinforcement, causing a decline in its effectiveness.
- The Premack principle holds that reinforcers can often be viewed as behaviors rather than stimuli, and a higher probability behavior can be used as a reinforcer for a lower probability behavior.
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Description
Test your knowledge about reinforcement theory and its application to behaviors. Explore the concept of reinforcement in relation to physiological drive reduction and its limitations.
