Regulation of Body Temperature
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Questions and Answers

How is thermal energy from the Sun transferred to the Earth?

  • By radiation (correct)
  • By reflection
  • By conduction
  • By convection

    • A stable body temperature is essential for proper enzyme function in the body.

    True

    What are the two main layers of the skin?

    Epidermis and dermis

    The main site for heat exchange between the body and the environment is the _____

    <p>skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following skin structures with their functions:

    <p>Epidermis = Outer layer of skin Dermis = Inner layer providing support Sweat glands = Regulate body temperature Hair follicles = Heat insulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the response to a rise in body temperature?

    <p>Heat loss centre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The heat gain centre increases heat loss when body temperature rises.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of thermoreceptors?

    <p>Detect the temperature of blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The body responds to cold conditions by stimulating the ______ centre.

    <p>heat gain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the body is primarily responsible for regulating temperature?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following responses with their conditions:

    <p>Sweating = Hot conditions Shivering = Cold conditions Vasodilation = Hot conditions Vasoconstriction = Cold conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Heat gain responses include increasing blood flow to the skin.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effectors are involved in temperature regulation?

    <p>Sweat glands, erector muscles, and arterioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the arterioles supplying blood to the skin in very hot weather?

    <p>They constrict to supply less blood to the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Staying in a shady place has no effect on body temperature regulation for those working outdoors.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    State one health hazard due to prolonged exposure to strong sunlight.

    <p>Skin cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Drinking plenty of ______ is important when working outdoors in hot weather.

    <p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the metabolic rate of the body likely to do at a low environmental temperature?

    <p>Decrease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Suggest a way of reducing the risk of health hazards from strong sunlight.

    <p>Wearing sunscreen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following responses to the correct effects in hot weather:

    <p>Sweating = Helps cool the body Dilating blood vessels = Increases blood flow to the skin Drinking water = Prevents dehydration Avoiding direct sunlight = Reduces risk of overheating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The body does not need to adjust to environmental temperature changes when outdoors.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the epidermis?

    <p>To protect the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The outermost layer of the epidermis consists of living cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protein is formed in the middle layer of the epidermis that makes cells tough and waterproof?

    <p>keratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal core body temperature set point for humans?

    <p>37 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The innermost layer of the epidermis contains a pigment called ______ that absorbs ultraviolet light.

    <p>melanin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shivering helps your body cool down when you have a fever.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can overexposure to sunlight lead to?

    <p>Sunburn and skin cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following layers of the epidermis with their characteristics:

    <p>Outermost layer = Consists of dead cells Middle layer = Contains keratin Innermost layer = Contains living cells and produces melanin Overall epidermis = Provides protection and prevents water loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance is produced during a fever that raises the body's set point temperature?

    <p>pyrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The regulation of body temperature is essential for ________ because it allows metabolic reactions to proceed at an efficient rate.

    <p>survival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Melanogenesis is the process by which melanin is produced in the epidermis.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vitamin is produced when the innermost layer is exposed to sunlight?

    <p>vitamin D</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Prostaglandin = A compound that increases body temperature set point Thermostat = Part of the brain that regulates body temperature Fever = A response to infection that raises body temperature Enzymes = Biological catalysts that speed up metabolic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the brain play in regulating body temperature?

    <p>It acts as a thermostat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Metabolic reactions function efficiently at a wide range of body temperatures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to enzyme activity when body temperature deviates from the normal range?

    <p>it decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of a thicker layer of fat in cold environments?

    <p>To reduce heat loss by conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Body fat percentage can be accurately determined without measuring skinfold thickness.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What tool is commonly used to measure skinfold thickness?

    <p>caliper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Whales have a thick subcutaneous fat layer known as ________ to help reduce heat loss.

    <p>blubber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the animal with its adaptation for reducing heat loss:

    <p>Whales = Thick layer of blubber Polar bears = Dense fur that traps air</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body parts are commonly assessed for skinfold thickness measurements?

    <p>Chest and thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Subcutaneous fat develops quickly in response to a cold environment.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant role does the fur of polar bears play in cold environments?

    <p>It traps a layer of air close to the skin to reduce heat loss.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Regulation of Body Temperature

    • Body temperature is normally maintained at 37°C.
    • The thermoregulatory centre in the hypothalamus controls the set point of body temperature.
    • Pyrogens, produced by pathogens, increase the synthesis of prostaglandins, which raise the set point of the thermostat.
    • Shivering is a mechanism to increase heat production.
    • To maintain a stable temperature, heat gain and loss must be balanced.
    • Heat is gained through metabolic reactions, especially respiration in the liver and skeletal muscles.
    • Heat is lost via conduction transfer of heat between objects in direct contact, convection by the movement of air or water, radiation is a process of heat transfer without a medium and evaporation loss of heat when a liquid changes to a vapor.
    • Skin plays a crucial role in heat exchange.
    • Sensory receptors detect temperature changes.
    • Hair follicles, erector muscles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands help regulate body temperature.
    • Subcutaneous fat acts as insulation to reduce heat loss.
    • Blood vessels regulate blood flow to the skin, affecting heat loss.
    • Behavioural responses like wearing clothes or seeking shade regulate body temperature.
    • Hormones such as thyroxine and adrenaline influence metabolic rate, affecting heat production.
    • The thyroid gland secretes thyroxine in response to cold, increasing metabolic rate and body temperature.
    • Adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal glands and similarly increases metabolic rate.

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    Regulation of Body Temperature PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on how the body regulates temperature through various mechanisms. This quiz covers the role of the hypothalamus, the impact of pyrogens, methods of heat gain and loss, and the importance of skin in thermoregulation. Assess your understanding of these crucial physiological processes.

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