SAQ - Regulation of Blood Pressure & RAAS System
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Questions and Answers

What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?

  • Pounds per square inch
  • Millimetres of water
  • Grams per centimeter
  • Millimetres of mercury (correct)

What is the term for the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart contracts?

  • Pulse pressure
  • Cardiac pressure
  • Diastolic pressure
  • Systolic pressure (correct)

What is the name of the reflex that regulates blood pressure in the short term?

  • Renin-angiotensin reflex
  • Baroceptor reflex (correct)
  • Vasopressor reflex
  • Cardiovascular reflex

What type of receptors are involved in the baroceptor reflex?

<p>Mechanoreceptors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a blood pressure below 90/60 mmHg?

<p>Hypotensive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the system that regulates blood pressure in addition to the baroceptor reflex?

<p>Renin-angiotensin system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the brain detects a decrease in blood pressure?

<p>Vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of angiotensin II in the kidneys?

<p>Promoting sodium reabsorption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) primarily produced?

<p>Lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?

<p>Promoting sodium and water retention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in blood pressure regulation?

<p>Long-term regulation of blood pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the central nervous system?

<p>Inducing the release of anti-diuretic hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the baroceptor reflex in regulating blood pressure?

<p>To regulate blood pressure in the short term (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of afferent neurons in the baroceptor reflex?

<p>To transmit action potentials from the baroreceptors to the cardiovascular centre (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of blood pressure?

<p>120/80 mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increase in arterial pressure on the baroreceptors?

<p>It increases the transmission of action potentials to the cardiovascular centre (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the low-pressure baroreceptors?

<p>Carotid sinus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pressure in the blood vessels between heartbeats?

<p>Diastolic pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of the RAAS system on blood pressure?

<p>It increases blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the cardiovascular centre?

<p>Medulla (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg?

<p>Hypertensive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which the body regulates blood pressure in the long term?

<p>RAAS system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of the brain to a decrease in blood pressure?

<p>Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of macular densa cells in the kidneys?

<p>Detecting reduced sodium chloride concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on systemic arterioles?

<p>Vasoconstriction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the posterior pituitary gland in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?

<p>Releasing anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the net effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) on blood pressure?

<p>Increase in blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the brain's response to an increase in blood pressure?

<p>Vasodilation and decreased heart rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the liver in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?

<p>Producing angiotensinogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of aldosterone on the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys?

<p>Promoted sodium reabsorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) production?

<p>Lungs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of angiotensin II on the hypothalamus?

<p>Stimulation of thirst (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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