32 Questions
What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?
Millimetres of mercury
What is the term for the pressure in the blood vessels when the heart contracts?
Systolic pressure
What is the name of the reflex that regulates blood pressure in the short term?
Baroceptor reflex
What type of receptors are involved in the baroceptor reflex?
Mechanoreceptors
What is the term for a blood pressure below 90/60 mmHg?
Hypotensive
What is the name of the system that regulates blood pressure in addition to the baroceptor reflex?
Renin-angiotensin system
What happens when the brain detects a decrease in blood pressure?
Vasodilation and a decrease in heart rate
What is the primary function of angiotensin II in the kidneys?
Promoting sodium reabsorption
Where is the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) primarily produced?
Lungs
What is the effect of aldosterone on the kidneys?
Promoting sodium and water retention
What is the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in blood pressure regulation?
Long-term regulation of blood pressure
What is the effect of angiotensin II on the central nervous system?
Inducing the release of anti-diuretic hormone
What is the primary function of the baroceptor reflex in regulating blood pressure?
To regulate blood pressure in the short term
What is the role of afferent neurons in the baroceptor reflex?
To transmit action potentials from the baroreceptors to the cardiovascular centre
What is the normal range of blood pressure?
120/80 mmHg
What is the effect of an increase in arterial pressure on the baroreceptors?
It increases the transmission of action potentials to the cardiovascular centre
What is the location of the low-pressure baroreceptors?
Carotid sinus
What is the term for the pressure in the blood vessels between heartbeats?
Diastolic pressure
What is the effect of the RAAS system on blood pressure?
It increases blood pressure
What is the location of the cardiovascular centre?
Medulla
What is the term for a blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg?
Hypertensive
What is the mechanism by which the body regulates blood pressure in the long term?
RAAS system
What is the response of the brain to a decrease in blood pressure?
Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
What is the role of macular densa cells in the kidneys?
Detecting reduced sodium chloride concentration
What is the effect of angiotensin II on systemic arterioles?
Vasoconstriction
What is the function of the posterior pituitary gland in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
Releasing anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
What is the net effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) on blood pressure?
Increase in blood pressure
What is the result of the brain's response to an increase in blood pressure?
Vasodilation and decreased heart rate
What is the role of the liver in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)?
Producing angiotensinogen
What is the effect of aldosterone on the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidneys?
Promoted sodium reabsorption
What is the site of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) production?
Lungs
What is the effect of angiotensin II on the hypothalamus?
Stimulation of thirst
Test your understanding of how the body regulates blood pressure, including the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Learn about the mechanisms that control blood pressure and its importance in maintaining overall health.
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