Refrigeration Systems and Regulations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason to avoid trapping liquid refrigerant between service valves after transferring refrigerant liquid from a recovery unit to the system being emptied?

  • To ensure proper pressure equalization during the transfer. (correct)
  • To prevent oil from entering the transfer unit receiver.
  • To prevent contamination of the recovery unit's receiver.
  • To prevent oil from entering the refrigeration system's cooler.

What is a safe method to determine the appropriate pressure for leak testing a refrigeration system?

  • Calculate it based on the discharge operating pressure.
  • Use the ambient pressure at standby conditions.
  • Refer to the low-side test-pressure data plate value on the system. (correct)
  • Use the ambient temperature plus 30 degrees Celsius and convert it to pressure using a pressure-temperature chart.

What is the recommended course of action when a technician discovers that R-502 has been accidentally added to an R-22 system?

  • Recover all the refrigerant into a separate tank, labeled appropriately. (correct)
  • Vent all the refrigerant into the atmosphere.
  • Recover and reuse all the refrigerant in another system, assuming compatibility with the new system.
  • Recycle all the refrigerant through a specialized recovery unit.

What is the chemical composition of ozone in the stratosphere?

<p>Three oxygen atoms per molecule (O3). (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors primarily determine the duration of the dehydration process during a refrigeration system evacuation?

<p>The size of the vacuum pump and the suction line diameter. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the EPA, what should a technician explain to a customer regarding the costs associated with refrigerant recovery?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What authority do state and local governments have in relation to the Clean Air Act/EPA regulations regarding refrigerants?

<p>They can enact stricter regulations but cannot ease or reduce the federal Clean Air Act/EPA regulations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for a refrigeration oil to be hygroscopic?

<p>It readily absorbs moisture from the air. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should refrigerant vapor be introduced into a chiller system before liquid refrigerant during charging?

<p>Liquid charged into a deep vacuum will cause the refrigerant to boil and may lower temperatures enough to freeze the water in the tubes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when using a vacuum pump that is too large for a refrigeration system evacuation?

<p>Trapped water may freeze due to the rapid pressure drop. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a low-pressure chiller with an open-type compressor, which component is most susceptible to leaks?

<p>Shaft seal (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the best way to prevent air accumulation in an idle low-pressure refrigeration system?

<p>Maintain system pressure slightly above atmospheric. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the refrigerant charge per year is considered a major leak in commercial/industrial process refrigeration systems, requiring repair?

<p>35% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During refrigerant vapor recovery from a low-pressure refrigeration system, which of the following should be operating?

<p>System water pumps, the recovery compressor, and the recovery condenser water should all be on. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does refrigerant go after leaving the purge unit of a low-pressure centrifugal system?

<p>The evaporator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From which part of the low-pressure centrifugal system does the purge unit take its suction?

<p>The top of the condenser (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mixture is a ternary refrigerant blend?

<p>three-part (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a refrigeration system, where is high pressure vapor converted to high pressure liquid?

<p>condenser (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an approved 'drop-in' service replacement for R-12?

<p>According to the EPA there are no 'drop-in' replacements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper method for discarding a disposable refrigerant cylinder?

<p>assure refrigerant is recovered and recycle the metal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

CFC refrigerants contain which of the following elements?

<p>chlorine, fluorine, carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before disposing of any system containing refrigerant, what must be done?

<p>recover the refrigerant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which procedure is not an approved technique for system cleanup after a burnout?

<p>flushing with liquid refrigerant to clean tubing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effects can ozone depletion have on the environment?

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is required for a passive system-dependent recovery device when recovering refrigerant?

<p>It captures refrigerant in a non-pressurized container. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when R-12 or R-22 refrigerants are exposed to high temperatures?

<p>They form hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which best describes the current regulations on the sale of CFC and HCFC refrigerants?

<p>Sales are restricted to EPA certified technicians only. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which situation regarding refrigerant leak repair is mandatory?

<p>Repairing a leak if more than 35% of the charge escapes in 12 months. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For which type of appliance can a passive recovery device be used?

<p>Domestic refrigerators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the proper action when venting refrigerant from a graduated charging cylinder?

<p>It is advisable to recover all vented refrigerant. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When working with schraeder valves, what is considered 'critical'?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the requirement for refrigerant recovery devices with regard to the refrigerants listed?

<p>None of the listed refrigerants need recovery devices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required leak rate for appliances containing more than 50 pounds of refrigerant to be repaired under EPA regulations?

<p>15% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which refrigerant is expected to be found in older residential split system air conditioners?

<p>R-22 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under ASHRAE Standard 15, which refrigerant requires an equipment room refrigerant monitor?

<p>R-123 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an indicator of a possible leak in a high-pressure system?

<p>excessive superheat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When cannot system-dependent recovery equipment be used?

<p>the appliance contains over 15 pounds of refrigerant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is moisture removed from a system?

<p>using a filter drier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is not part of the low side of the system?

<p>receiver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Soap bubble testing is specifically used for what purpose?

<p>to pinpoint refrigerant leaks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to allow the pressure reading of a recovery cylinder to stabilize at room temperature?

<p>Because any comparisons to a pressure-temperature chart is only valid if both the pressure and temperature of the refrigerant are stable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a standard vacuum pump designed for evacuation and dehydration?

<p>It can only function as a recovery device with a non-pressurized container. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done with nitrogen used for pressurizing or clearing debris from a system?

<p>It can be vented. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a reclamation processing plant receives a recovery tank containing a mixture of refrigerants, what are their options?

<p>They can refuse to process the refrigerant and return it. (B), They can agree to destroy the refrigerant for a fee. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of low loss fittings in refrigerant recovery devices?

<p>To connect the recovery device to an appliance and prevent refrigerant loss when disconnected. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What requirement must recovery or recycling equipment manufactured after November 15, 1993 meet?

<p>It must recover 95% of the refrigerant from appliances regardless of compressor functionality. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to refrigerants if a recovery tank contains a mixture and is processed?

<p>It can be destroyed for a fee but not processed otherwise. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of not using low loss fittings during refrigeration recovery?

<p>Potential refrigerant loss during disconnection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ternary refrigerant blend

A mixture composed of three different refrigerants.

Condenser function

Converts high pressure vapor to high pressure liquid in a refrigeration system.

Approved drop-in replacement for R-12

According to the EPA, there are no approved drop-in replacements for R-12.

Disposing refrigerant cylinder

All refrigerant must be recovered and the cylinder rendered useless before recycling.

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CFC refrigerants

Contain chlorine, fluorine, and carbon.

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Refrigerant recovery

You must recover the refrigerant before disposing of any system.

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System cleanup after burnout

Flushing with liquid refrigerant for cleanup is not an approved technique.

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Non-Azeotropic refrigerants leakage

Leak in uneven amounts due to different vapor pressures.

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Trapping refrigerant

Refers to preventing liquid refrigerant from being trapped between service valves during transfer.

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Leak testing pressure

Safe pressure for leak testing can be determined by the low-side test-pressure data-plate value.

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Refrigerant recovery for mixtures

Technicians must recover mixed refrigerants (like R-502 in R-22) into a separate tank.

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Ozone composition

Ozone in the stratosphere consists of molecules of three oxygen atoms.

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Vacuum pump capacity

The size of the vacuum pump and suction line influences the length of dehydration time.

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Refrigerant recovery necessity

Technician should explain that refrigerant recovery is vital for health and environmental protection.

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State laws on refrigerants

State and local governments can create stricter regulations than the Clean Air Act/EPA guidelines.

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Hygroscopic oil

Hygroscopic oil readily absorbs moisture from the environment.

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Passive System-Dependent Recovery Device

A recovery device that never needs a pump, compressor, or heat for small appliances.

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Sale of CFC and HCFC Refrigerants

Restricted to technicians who are EPA certified in refrigerant recovery.

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Mandatory Leak Repair Timeframe

It is not mandatory to repair a small appliance leak but is recommended when over 35% of the charge escapes a year.

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Permissible Passive Recovery Device

A passive recovery device can be used on domestic refrigerators.

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Schraeder Valve Safety

It is critical to inspect, replace damaged cores, and cap the schrader ports to prevent leakage.

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Decomposition of R-12 or R-22

Exposure to high temperatures can decompose these refrigerants into hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids.

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Venting Refrigerant from Charging Cylinder

Any refrigerant vented from a graduated charging cylinder must be recovered.

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Refrigerant Recovery from High Side

Recover the refrigerant from the high side of the system is crucial for efficient recovery.

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Stabilizing cylinder temperature

Allows for accurate pressure readings in recovery cylinders.

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Standard vacuum pump function

Used as an active recovery device only in combination with a non-pressurized container.

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Nitrogen use in refrigeration

Nitrogen can be vented when used to pressurize or blow debris.

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Recovery tank with mixed refrigerants

A reclamation plant can refuse processing or charge for destruction.

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Low loss fittings

Connect recovery devices with minimal refrigerant loss when disconnected.

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Post-1993 recovery equipment

Must recover 95% of refrigerant from small appliances prior to disposal.

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Refrigerant recovery regulations

Standards for recovering refrigerant to protect the environment.

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Pressure-temperature relationship

Pressure and temperature of refrigerant must be stable for valid comparisons.

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50 pounds refrigerant leak

EPA regulations mandate repairs if leak exceeds 15% per year.

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Industrial leak repair threshold

Leaking industrial refrigerant must be repaired if leaks exceed 35% per year.

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Common refrigerant in older ACs

Older residential ACs typically use R-22 refrigerant.

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ASHRAE Standard 15 monitor

An equipment room monitor is required for R-123 refrigerant.

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Leak checking R-134a

Leak checks on R-134a systems should be done using pressurized nitrogen.

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High-pressure system leak indicator

Excessive superheat in a high-pressure system may indicate a leak.

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Soap bubble testing

Used to pinpoint refrigerant leaks effectively.

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Refrigerant leaving receiver

Refrigerant exits the receiver as a high pressure liquid.

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Vapor charging

Introducing refrigerant vapor into the system before liquid charging to avoid freezing.

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Effects of large vacuum pump

Using a large vacuum pump can freeze trapped water in the system.

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Susceptible component in chiller

The shaft seal on a low-pressure chiller with an open compressor is prone to leaks.

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Prevent air in idle system

Maintain system pressure slightly above atmospheric to prevent air accumulation.

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Leak rate for repairs

Commercial systems must be repaired when the leak rate exceeds 35% per year.

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Recovering vapor in system

During vapor recovery, all system water pumps, the recovery compressor, and recovery condenser water should be on.

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Refrigerant path after purge

After leaving the purge unit, refrigerant goes to the evaporator in a low-pressure centrifugal system.

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Major repairs under EPA

Replacement of an evaporator coil is always considered a major repair under EPA regulations.

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Study Notes

EPA Section 608 Study Questions

  • Refrigeration technicians violating the Clean Air Act can face consequences like losing their EPA certification, fines, and appearing in Federal court.

  • After 1995, only recovered and recycled CFC refrigerants were allowed for servicing existing units in the USA.

  • Recovered refrigerant can be reused in the same or other systems owned by the same person.

  • EPA guidelines require demonstrating competency in recovery and/or recycling refrigerant procedures, failure may result in certification revocation.

  • Refrigerants containing chlorine are more prone to reaching the stratosphere and destroying the ozone layer because they are stable in the lower atmosphere.

  • Refrigerant systems are considered adequately dehydrated when a vacuum indicator has reached and held the required vacuum, for a set amount of time.

  • Disposable refrigerant containers are for recycled and recovered refrigerant. Tests must also be performed on these containers.

  • HCFC refrigerants are a type of refrigerant, and an example is R-124.

  • Azeotropic refrigerant mixtures act like a single-component refrigerant over their entire temperature range.

  • Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons(HCFCs) are used in appliances, and must be recovered before disposing of the appliance.

  • Cylinders that are used as disposable cylinders need to have internal cylinder pressure reduced to at least 15 PSI for safe disposal.

  • The high-pressure gauge on service manifold sets has a continuous scale, typically calibrated from 0 to 500 PSI.

  • Stratospheric ozone depletion is a serious environmental consequence of some refrigerant gases.

  • The ozone layer protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation from the sun damaging the atmosphere.

  • Penalties for refrigerant violations range up to a significant amount of money.

  • Using CFCs and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) can cause ozone depletion.

  • Personal protective equipment (PPE), like gloves and eye protection, is crucial when handling refrigerants.

  • Manifold gauges are important tools in refrigerant servicing.

  • The correct refrigerant safety practices prevent ozone degradation and protect people.

EPA Section 608 Study Questions (CORE)

  • Loss of EPA certification, fines, and court appearances can result from Clean Air Act violations by technicians.

  • CFC refrigerants servicing in the USA are only available from recovery or recycling after 1995.

  • Recovered refrigerant can be reused in multiple systems owned by the same individual, but only under stated restrictions.

  • EPA violations result in loss of certification and possible legal consequences.

  • CFCs are more likely to reach the stratosphere than other chemicals because they are so stable.

  • A system is considered properly dehydrated when a specific vacuum pressure has been maintained.

  • To safely handle refrigerant, personal protective equipment (PPE), like gloves and eye protection, is essential.

  • Chlorine and bromine reactions with ozone result in atmospheric ozone destruction.

  • Procedures like hydrostatically testing refrigerant tanks are required.

  • Leak-checking appliances with suitable gases like nitrogen is important.

  • Appropriate practices must be followed for safe refrigerant handling.

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