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Questions and Answers
Which of the following pairs correctly associates a grammatical concept with a page number?
Which of the following pairs correctly associates a grammatical concept with a page number?
- काल - 86
- उपसग - 18 (correct)
- पयायवाची - 3
- सवनाम - 60
According to the table of contents, which section appears immediately before 'वा य विचार'?
According to the table of contents, which section appears immediately before 'वा य विचार'?
- मुहावरे
- लग
- वा य रचना (correct)
- वचन
If you are studying verb tenses, on which page should you begin?
If you are studying verb tenses, on which page should you begin?
- 84 (correct)
- 89
- 83
- 86
A student wants to study phrases that express a meaning different from the literal meaning of the words. Where should the student refer?
A student wants to study phrases that express a meaning different from the literal meaning of the words. Where should the student refer?
Which of the following lists contains only topics related to grammar or morphology?
Which of the following lists contains only topics related to grammar or morphology?
What is the full form of RBSE, as it pertains to the REET exam?
What is the full form of RBSE, as it pertains to the REET exam?
The provided document excerpt is most likely:
The provided document excerpt is most likely:
Based on the document structure, what can be inferred about 'भाग - 1'?
Based on the document structure, what can be inferred about 'भाग - 1'?
Supposing this document follows a standard structure for such exams, what would you expect to find after the 'िवषयसूची' (Table of Contents)?
Supposing this document follows a standard structure for such exams, what would you expect to find after the 'िवषयसूची' (Table of Contents)?
If a candidate is preparing for the REET exam and wants to improve their Hindi language skills, where would they likely find relevant material within this document?
If a candidate is preparing for the REET exam and wants to improve their Hindi language skills, where would they likely find relevant material within this document?
Which characteristic primarily differentiates tatsam words from tadbhav words?
Which characteristic primarily differentiates tatsam words from tadbhav words?
Which of the following best describes the transformation process from a tatsam to a tadbhav word?
Which of the following best describes the transformation process from a tatsam to a tadbhav word?
Which of the following pairs correctly matches a tatsam word with its tadbhav equivalent?
Which of the following pairs correctly matches a tatsam word with its tadbhav equivalent?
If the tatsam word 'हवष्ठा' (hivistha) means 'beetle'. What is the most likely meaning of its tadbhav form 'बीठ' (beeth)?
If the tatsam word 'हवष्ठा' (hivistha) means 'beetle'. What is the most likely meaning of its tadbhav form 'बीठ' (beeth)?
A student is analyzing ancient texts. Which type of vocabulary should they focus on understanding to grasp the texts' original meaning?
A student is analyzing ancient texts. Which type of vocabulary should they focus on understanding to grasp the texts' original meaning?
Which of the following words denoting a family member is a tatsam word?
Which of the following words denoting a family member is a tatsam word?
Consider the word 'शर्करा' (sharkara) which means 'sugar'. What is the nature of its Hindi equivalent 'शक्कर' (shakkar)?
Consider the word 'शर्करा' (sharkara) which means 'sugar'. What is the nature of its Hindi equivalent 'शक्कर' (shakkar)?
Which word pair demonstrates how a tatsam word relating to body parts transforms into its tadbhav equivalent?
Which word pair demonstrates how a tatsam word relating to body parts transforms into its tadbhav equivalent?
How does recognizing tatsam and tadbhav words aid in understanding the historical evolution of the Hindi language?
How does recognizing tatsam and tadbhav words aid in understanding the historical evolution of the Hindi language?
In what way does understanding tatsam and tadbhav vocabulary enhance one's comprehension of Hindi literature?
In what way does understanding tatsam and tadbhav vocabulary enhance one's comprehension of Hindi literature?
The word 'नव्य' (navya) which means 'new' is considered a tatsam word. Which of the following sentences correctly uses its tadbhav form to describe something?
The word 'नव्य' (navya) which means 'new' is considered a tatsam word. Which of the following sentences correctly uses its tadbhav form to describe something?
How would you categorize the word 'आम्र' (aamra), knowing its tadbhav form is 'आम' (aam)?
How would you categorize the word 'आम्र' (aamra), knowing its tadbhav form is 'आम' (aam)?
What is the significance of studying tatsam and tadbhav words in the context of Hindi language education?
What is the significance of studying tatsam and tadbhav words in the context of Hindi language education?
If you encounter the word 'श्रृंखला' (shrinkhla) in a text, and you know it transforms to 'सौकि' (sauki) what can you infer?
If you encounter the word 'श्रृंखला' (shrinkhla) in a text, and you know it transforms to 'सौकि' (sauki) what can you infer?
A linguist researching the influence of Sanskrit on modern Hindi finds a word used in ancient Vedic texts that is also present in modern Hindi with slight phonetic modifications. How should this word be classified?
A linguist researching the influence of Sanskrit on modern Hindi finds a word used in ancient Vedic texts that is also present in modern Hindi with slight phonetic modifications. How should this word be classified?
Which of the following pairs correctly matches a तत्सम (Sanskrit-derived) word with its तद्भव (Hindi-evolved) form?
Which of the following pairs correctly matches a तत्सम (Sanskrit-derived) word with its तद्भव (Hindi-evolved) form?
Identify the pair where the तत्सम word is incorrectly matched with its तद्भव equivalent.
Identify the pair where the तत्सम word is incorrectly matched with its तद्भव equivalent.
Which of the following तत्सम words corresponds to the तद्भव word 'सावन' (Saawan)?
Which of the following तत्सम words corresponds to the तद्भव word 'सावन' (Saawan)?
Choose the option that correctly gives the तद्भव form of the तत्सम word 'अग्नि' (Agni).
Choose the option that correctly gives the तद्भव form of the तत्सम word 'अग्नि' (Agni).
The word 'जीभ' (Jeebh) is a तद्भव form. What is its तत्सम equivalent?
The word 'जीभ' (Jeebh) is a तद्भव form. What is its तत्सम equivalent?
Which of the following words is NOT identified as a 'deshaj' word (native/local origin)?
Which of the following words is NOT identified as a 'deshaj' word (native/local origin)?
From the list below, identify the word of Turkish origin.
From the list below, identify the word of Turkish origin.
Which of these words has been adopted from the Portuguese language?
Which of these words has been adopted from the Portuguese language?
Identify the word that originates from the French language.
Identify the word that originates from the French language.
Which word listed below is considered a 'sankar shabd' (hybrid word, formed by combining words from two languages)?
Which word listed below is considered a 'sankar shabd' (hybrid word, formed by combining words from two languages)?
Which word below is correctly identified as being of Arabic origin?
Which word below is correctly identified as being of Arabic origin?
From the following, which word comes from the Dutch language?
From the following, which word comes from the Dutch language?
Identify the तत्सम word for the तद्भव word 'साखी' (Sakhi).
Identify the तत्सम word for the तद्भव word 'साखी' (Sakhi).
What is the तद्भव form of the तत्सम word 'अट्टालिका' (Attalika)?
What is the तद्भव form of the तत्सम word 'अट्टालिका' (Attalika)?
Which तद्भव word corresponds to तत्सम word 'स्वप्न' (Swapna)?
Which तद्भव word corresponds to तत्सम word 'स्वप्न' (Swapna)?
Flashcards
REET
REET
Stands for Rajasthan Teacher Eligibility Test.
RBSE
RBSE
The organization responsible for conducting the REET exam.
Bhag - 1
Bhag - 1
The first section of the REET exam.
Hindi
Hindi
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Vishay Suchi
Vishay Suchi
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Tatsam Shabd
Tatsam Shabd
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Deshaj Shabd
Deshaj Shabd
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Paryayvachi
Paryayvachi
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Vilom Shabd
Vilom Shabd
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Anekarthak Shabd
Anekarthak Shabd
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Sankar Shabd
Sankar Shabd
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Tukesh Shabd
Tukesh Shabd
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Arabi Shabd
Arabi Shabd
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Purtgali Shabd
Purtgali Shabd
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French Shabd
French Shabd
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Tadbhav
Tadbhav
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Ashru
Ashru
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Kanu
Kanu
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Aghi
Aghi
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Ustra
Ustra
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Mukh
Mukh
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Ratri
Ratri
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Pakshi
Pakshi
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Tatsam Words
Tatsam Words
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Tadbhav Words
Tadbhav Words
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Example of Tatsam word
Example of Tatsam word
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Example of Tadbhav Word
Example of Tadbhav Word
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Hasta vs Hath
Hasta vs Hath
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Kalai
Kalai
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Shakkar
Shakkar
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Kumhaar
Kumhaar
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Shwashrup
Shwashrup
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Navya
Navya
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Tamba
Tamba
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Patthar
Patthar
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Maut
Maut
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Matha
Matha
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Study Notes
REET Exam Study Notes: Hindi Grammar, Vocabulary, and Pedagogy
तत्सम - तद्भव शब्द (Sanskrit/Hindi Vocabulary)
- Words are used similarly in both Sanskrit and Hindi
- Sanskrit uses inflections or suffixes
- Hindi omits these inflections.
- Tadbhav words evolved from Tatsam and have similar forms.
- Examples of तत्सम : कर्पूरः, पर्यङ्कः, फलम् ज्येष्ठः
- Examples of तद्भव : कर्पूर पर्यङ्क, फल ज्येष्ठ
- Examples of तत्सम तद्भव pairs:
- अश्रु - आँसू (tear)
- अग्नि आग (fire)
देशज शब्द (Native Words)
- Words that originated within the country
- Reflect local culture.
- Foreign-origin words used commonly in India are also considered Deshaj.
- Examples of Dravidian languages included ओसारा, कज्जल, काका, केड, कुटी, कुप्पी etc
- Examples of Urdu language included काबू, कैंची, कुली, कुर्की, चाकू, चिक, चम्मच, चकमक, तमगा, तलाश etc
विदेशज शब्द (Foreign Words)
- Words adopted into Hindi from other languages through cultural exchange
- Examples include:
- Arbaic: अजब, अजीब, अदालत, अक्ल, अल्लाह, असर etc
- Farsi: आबरू, आतिशबाजी, आराम, आमदनी, आवारा, आवाज़, उम्मीद, उस्ताद etc
- English: अपील, कोर्ट, मजिस्ट्रेट, जज, पुलिस, टैक्स, कलक्टर, डिप्टी, ऑफ़िसर, वोट, पेंशन etc
- These words did not originate in India.
- Examples of पुर्तगाली words: अनन्नास, आलपीन, गमला, गिरजा, चाबी, नीलाम, पपीता etc
Examples of फ्रांसीसी words: अंग्रेज, कारतूस, कूपन, फ्रांसीसी, रेस्तरां, काजू, सूप, मेयर, मार्शल ।
- Examples of डच words: तुरुप, बम (ताँगे का एक पुरजा), चिडिया, ड्रिल।
संकर शब्द (Hybrid Words)
- Words formed by combining elements from two different languages
- Examples include थानेदार (हिंदी + फारसी), परदानशीन(अरबी + फारसी) and वर्षगाँठ (वर्ष (संस्कृत) गाँठ (हिंदी))
- Classified into रूढ़ ( মৌলিক ), यौगिक ( compound ), and योगरूढ़ ( বিশেষ ) based on structure.
विकारी और अविकारी शब्द (Changeable and Unchangeable Words)
- विकारी शब्द (Changeable Words)
- Change form based on लिंग (gender), वचन (number), काल (tense), and कारक (case).
- Includes संज्ञा (noun), सर्वनाम (pronoun), विशेषण (adjective), and क्रिया (verb).
- अविकारी शब्द or अव्यय शब्द (Unchangeable Words)
- Do not change form regardless of लिंग, वचन, काल, and कारक.
- Includes क्रिया विशेषण (adverb), संबंध बोधक (preposition), समुच्चय बोधक (conjunction), and विस्मयादि बोधक (interjection).
अर्थ के आधार पर शब्दों के भेद (Types of Words Based on Meaning)
- एकार्थी शब्द (Synonyms) : Words with a single meaning (e.g., लड़का, पहाड़).
- अनेकार्थी शब्द (Homonyms): Words with multiple meanings (e.g., कर, सारंग).
- पर्यायवाची शब्द (Synonyms) : Words with similar meanings (e.g., अमृत, पीयूष).
- विलोम शब्द (Antonyms) : Words with opposite meanings (e.g., दिन-रात).
- सम उच्चरित शब्द (Homophones): Words with similar pronunciation but different meanings (e.g., आदि-आदी).
- शब्द समूह के लिए एक शब्द (One-Word Substitutes): A phrase is expressed as a single word (e.g., जहाँ जाना संभव न हो – अगम्य).
- समानार्थक प्रतीत होने वाले भिन्नार्थक शब्द (Words that appear synonymous but have subtle differences)
- समूहवाची शब्द (Collective Nouns): Representing a group.
- ध्वन्यार्थक शब्द (Onomatopoeic Words): Based on sound.
पर्यायवाची (Synonyms)
- Defines पर्यायवाची as words with the same meaning
- मित्र (friend): सखा, साथी, सहचर, मीत
- मेघ (cloud): जलद, घन, नीरद, वारिद, बादल,
- कपड़ा: अंबर, चीर, वसन, वस्त्र, पट
- अग्नि: आग, अनल, पावक, ज्वाला, कृशानु
विलोम शब्द (Antonyms)
- Defines विलोम as words giving opposite meanings
- अमृत (nectar) विष (poison)
- आदि (beginning) अंत (end)
- अनुराग (affection) विराग (detachment).
पशुओ की बोलियाँ (Animal Sounds)
- Includes दहाड़ना – शेर (roar – lion), भौंकना – कुत्ता (bark – dog), and मिमियाना – भेड़, बकरी (bleat – sheep, goat).
पक्षियों की बोलियाँ (Bird Sounds)
- Includes पीऊ-पीऊ – मोर (peacock), काँव-काँव – कौआ (crow), कुहुकना – कोयल (cuckoo), and चहचहाना – चिडिया (chirp – sparrow).
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Description
Comprehensive study notes for the REET exam covering Hindi grammar, vocabulary (Tatsam, Tadbhav, Deshaj, Videshaj words), and pedagogy. Includes examples of word origins and usage in Hindi, Sanskrit, and other languages.
