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Questions and Answers
What role does a reducing agent play in a chemical reaction?
What role does a reducing agent play in a chemical reaction?
- It accepts electrons from another substance.
- It maintains the oxidation state of substances.
- It prevents oxidation from occurring.
- It gives electrons to another substance. (correct)
Which of the following describes an oxidizing agent?
Which of the following describes an oxidizing agent?
- It accepts electrons and gets reduced itself. (correct)
- It accelerates the rate of a chemical reaction.
- It can only exist in ionic form.
- It donates electrons to reduce another substance.
Which statement correctly identifies the function of a reductant in a reaction?
Which statement correctly identifies the function of a reductant in a reaction?
- It supplies electrons to another reactant. (correct)
- It increases its own oxidation state.
- It is always a metal.
- It does not participate in the reaction.
In a redox reaction, the oxidizing agent is responsible for which of the following?
In a redox reaction, the oxidizing agent is responsible for which of the following?
What is a primary characteristic of a reducing agent?
What is a primary characteristic of a reducing agent?
What is the primary function of the enzymes mentioned in the context of repair mechanisms?
What is the primary function of the enzymes mentioned in the context of repair mechanisms?
What does the solution pressure refer to when a metal rod is placed in a salt solution?
What does the solution pressure refer to when a metal rod is placed in a salt solution?
What is the effect of dipping a metal rod into a solution of its salts on the electrode potential?
What is the effect of dipping a metal rod into a solution of its salts on the electrode potential?
Which of the following is an implication of the electrode potential concerning metals in solution?
Which of the following is an implication of the electrode potential concerning metals in solution?
Which statement regarding the relationship between repair mechanisms and electrode potential is accurate?
Which statement regarding the relationship between repair mechanisms and electrode potential is accurate?
What does ionic pressure refer to in the context of metal cations?
What does ionic pressure refer to in the context of metal cations?
In a Cu/Cu2+ system, which pressure is greater?
In a Cu/Cu2+ system, which pressure is greater?
What primarily drives the ionic pressure in metal cations?
What primarily drives the ionic pressure in metal cations?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of ionic pressure?
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the concept of ionic pressure?
How might the concept of ionic pressure be relevant in electrochemistry?
How might the concept of ionic pressure be relevant in electrochemistry?
What does the symbol E° represent in electrochemistry?
What does the symbol E° represent in electrochemistry?
Which of the following variables influences the electrode potential according to the provided content?
Which of the following variables influences the electrode potential according to the provided content?
What does the variable T denote in the context of electrode potential?
What does the variable T denote in the context of electrode potential?
In electrochemistry, what aspect does the electrode potential indicate?
In electrochemistry, what aspect does the electrode potential indicate?
Which term is used to describe the constant potential for a given system in electrochemical reactions?
Which term is used to describe the constant potential for a given system in electrochemical reactions?
Which system has the most negative standard oxidation potential?
Which system has the most negative standard oxidation potential?
Which of the following systems has a positive standard oxidation potential?
Which of the following systems has a positive standard oxidation potential?
Which standard oxidation potential is closest to zero?
Which standard oxidation potential is closest to zero?
Which of these systems has the highest standard oxidation potential?
Which of these systems has the highest standard oxidation potential?
What is the standard oxidation potential of Zn / Zn2+?
What is the standard oxidation potential of Zn / Zn2+?
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Study Notes
Redox Reactions
- A reducing agent or reductant is a substance that gives electrons.
- An oxidizing agent or oxidant is a substance that accepts electrons.
Electrode Potential
- The potential difference that arises when a metal rod is dipped into a solution of its salts is called electrode potential.
- The tendency of the metal to dissolve in a solution of its salt is called solution pressure.
- The tendency of the metal cations to deposit on its metal dipped into its solution is called ionic pressure.
Standard Electrode Potential (E°)
- The standard electrode potential is the electrode potential measured under standard conditions: 298 K (25°C), 1 atmosphere pressure, and 1 M concentration of ions in solution.
- E° is a constant that depends on the specific system.
Standard Oxidation Potential (E°)
- The standard oxidation potential is the tendency of a substance to lose electrons and get oxidized under standard conditions.
- The more negative the value of E°, the stronger the reducing agent.
- The more positive the value of E°, the stronger the oxidizing agent.
Electrolysis
- The process of using an electric current to drive a non-spontaneous chemical reaction is called electrolysis.
- The electrical energy supplied to the system is used to overcome the energy barrier of the reaction and drive the process forward.
- The direction of electron flow is determined by the relative values of the standard electrode potentials (E°) of the species involved.
Factors Affecting Electrode Potential
- The electrode potential is influenced by several factors, including:
- Temperature
- Concentration of ions in solution
- Presence of other electrolytes
- Nature of the electrode material
- Surface area of the electrode
Applications of Electrode Potential
- Electrode potential measurements are used in various fields, including:
- Corrosion prevention
- Battery design
- Analytical chemistry
- Electrochemical sensors
- Electroplating and electrorefining
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