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Questions and Answers
What is the primary site of heat loss in the body?
What is the primary site of heat loss in the body?
Which of the following is a method of heat loss by the diffusion of heat through electromagnetic waves?
Which of the following is a method of heat loss by the diffusion of heat through electromagnetic waves?
In response to core body temperature and environmental temperature, what controls the opening and closing of arterio-venous shunts located below the skin surface?
In response to core body temperature and environmental temperature, what controls the opening and closing of arterio-venous shunts located below the skin surface?
What is the medical term for a person with a normal body temperature?
What is the medical term for a person with a normal body temperature?
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What is the term used for an elevated body temperature of 41°C (106°F) or higher?
What is the term used for an elevated body temperature of 41°C (106°F) or higher?
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Which of the following is considered an effect of fever?
Which of the following is considered an effect of fever?
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What is the primary goal of inducing hypothermia after cardiac arrest?
What is the primary goal of inducing hypothermia after cardiac arrest?
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Which of the following is NOT a possible physical effect of hypothermia?
Which of the following is NOT a possible physical effect of hypothermia?
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What is one of the methods used for rewarming a patient experiencing hypothermia?
What is one of the methods used for rewarming a patient experiencing hypothermia?
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Which type of thermometer uses infrared sensors to detect heat given off by the tympanic membrane?
Which type of thermometer uses infrared sensors to detect heat given off by the tympanic membrane?
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What is the benefit of using electronic and digital thermometers over other types?
What is the benefit of using electronic and digital thermometers over other types?
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In what way do thermometers that use disposable dots differ from electronic thermometers?
In what way do thermometers that use disposable dots differ from electronic thermometers?
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Why should rectal temperature measurements be avoided for clients who are immunosuppressed?
Why should rectal temperature measurements be avoided for clients who are immunosuppressed?
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What is the normal range for rectal temperature?
What is the normal range for rectal temperature?
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Which nervous system function decreases heart rate?
Which nervous system function decreases heart rate?
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What is the normal pulse rate range for adults?
What is the normal pulse rate range for adults?
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How does the insertion of a rectal thermometer affect heart rate?
How does the insertion of a rectal thermometer affect heart rate?
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Why is rectal temperature measurement contraindicated for newborns with diarrhea?
Why is rectal temperature measurement contraindicated for newborns with diarrhea?
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What is a nursing responsibility related to assessing vital signs based on the text?
What is a nursing responsibility related to assessing vital signs based on the text?
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Which statement accurately reflects when vital signs should be assessed based on the text?
Which statement accurately reflects when vital signs should be assessed based on the text?
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What accurately describes body temperature regulation based on the text?
What accurately describes body temperature regulation based on the text?
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How is heat primarily produced in the body, according to the text?
How is heat primarily produced in the body, according to the text?
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What is the main function of piloerection in body temperature regulation?
What is the main function of piloerection in body temperature regulation?
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In what situation should vital signs be assessed according to the text?
In what situation should vital signs be assessed according to the text?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of neurogenic fever?
Which of the following is a characteristic of neurogenic fever?
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What is a potential complication of fever identified in the text?
What is a potential complication of fever identified in the text?
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Which method is NOT recommended for treating fever according to the text?
Which method is NOT recommended for treating fever according to the text?
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What is a unique manifestation of fever in older adults as mentioned in the text?
What is a unique manifestation of fever in older adults as mentioned in the text?
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What is the main difference between hyperthermia and fever as described in the text?
What is the main difference between hyperthermia and fever as described in the text?
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Which condition does not fall under Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) criteria according to the text?
Which condition does not fall under Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) criteria according to the text?
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Study Notes
Heat Loss and Temperature Regulation
- Primary site of heat loss in the body is the skin.
- Radiation is the method of heat loss by diffusion through electromagnetic waves.
- Arterio-venous shunts below the skin surface are controlled by changes in core body temperature and environmental temperature.
Body Temperature Terms
- A person with a normal body temperature is termed euhypothermic.
- An elevated body temperature of 41°C (106°F) or higher is referred to as hyperpyrexia.
Effects of Fever and Hypothermia Management
- An effect of fever includes the induction of immune response through increased metabolism.
- The primary goal of inducing hypothermia after cardiac arrest is to protect brain function and limit neurological damage.
- Possible physical effects of hypothermia include shivering, confusion, and slowed heart rate; however, increased metabolic rate is not a result.
Rewarming and Temperature Measurement
- One method for rewarming a patient experiencing hypothermia is through warm intravenous fluids.
- Tympanic thermometers use infrared sensors to detect heat emitted by the tympanic membrane.
- Electronic and digital thermometers provide rapid and accurate readings compared to traditional types.
Differences in Thermometer Types
- Thermometers using disposable dots are less calibrated and provide less accuracy than electronic thermometers.
- Rectal temperature measurements should be avoided for clients who are immunosuppressed due to infection risk.
Normal Temperature Ranges
- The normal range for rectal temperature is between 37.0°C to 38.0°C (98.6°F to 100.4°F).
Heart Rate and Nervous System Function
- Parasympathetic nervous system function decreases heart rate, promoting relaxation.
- Normal pulse rate range for adults is between 60 and 100 beats per minute.
Rectal Thermometer Considerations
- Inserting a rectal thermometer may stimulate a decrease in heart rate due to vagus nerve stimulation.
- Rectal temperature measurement is contraindicated for newborns with diarrhea due to the risk of perforation and infection.
Nursing Responsibilities and Vital Signs
- A nursing responsibility related to vital signs assessment includes ensuring accurate measurement and documentation.
- Vital signs should be assessed when a patient exhibits changes in condition or upon admission.
Body Temperature Regulation Insights
- Body temperature regulation involves maintaining a balance between heat production and heat loss.
- Heat is primarily produced by metabolism and muscle activity.
Piloerection Function
- The main function of piloerection (goosebumps) is to trap heat and provide insulation.
Situations for Vital Signs Assessment
- Vital signs should be assessed during emergency situations and if there are significant changes in health status.
Fever Characteristics and Complications
- A characteristic of neurogenic fever is that it is not usually responsive to typical antipyretic medications.
- A potential complication of fever is dehydration due to increased metabolic demands.
- The method of cooling baths is not recommended for treating fever due to risk of shivering and discomfort.
Unique Manifestations and Differences in Fever Types
- A unique manifestation of fever in older adults is that they may not exhibit typical fever symptoms such as increased temperature.
- The main difference between hyperthermia and fever is that hyperthermia is caused by excessive heat exposure, while fever is a regulated immune response.
- Conditions such as pneumonia do not fall under the criteria for Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO), typically characterized by prolonged fever without an identifiable cause.
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Description
Test your knowledge on assessing temperature through rectal method, including sites, methods, and precautions. Learn about contraindications and potential risks associated with rectal temperature measurements.
