Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was the first task assigned to the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) by the War Department?
What was the first task assigned to the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) by the War Department?
- To develop the first operating system
- To crack enemy codes during World War II
- To determine the feasibility of building a hydrogen bomb (correct)
- To calculate the trajectory of artillery shells
What was the significance of the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) in 1951?
What was the significance of the Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC) in 1951?
- It was the first computer to be used by the U.S. government
- It was the first computer to use a hard disk drive
- It was the first commercially available computer
- It was the first computer to use magnetic tape for mass storage (correct)
What was the storage capacity of the RAMAC 305 in 1956?
What was the storage capacity of the RAMAC 305 in 1956?
- About 40 MB
- About 440 MB
- About 44 GB
- About 4.4 MB (correct)
Why was the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) housed in a specially designed room?
Why was the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) housed in a specially designed room?
What was the primary use of computers for data processing in the 1940s and 1950s?
What was the primary use of computers for data processing in the 1940s and 1950s?
What was the significance of the year 1938 in the development of computers?
What was the significance of the year 1938 in the development of computers?
What was the impact of the high cost of computers on their usage in the 1950s?
What was the impact of the high cost of computers on their usage in the 1950s?
What was the main purpose of reports printed out by computers for data processing in the 1950s?
What was the main purpose of reports printed out by computers for data processing in the 1950s?
What was the primary advantage of the IBM 1311 storage unit?
What was the primary advantage of the IBM 1311 storage unit?
What was the main difference between the 5.25” floppy disk and the 3.5” floppy disk?
What was the main difference between the 5.25” floppy disk and the 3.5” floppy disk?
What is the smallest unit of information stored on a computer?
What is the smallest unit of information stored on a computer?
What was the storage capacity of the 8” floppy disk?
What was the storage capacity of the 8” floppy disk?
What was the primary function of the IBM MT/ST (Magnetic Tape/Selectric Typewriter)?
What was the primary function of the IBM MT/ST (Magnetic Tape/Selectric Typewriter)?
What marked the beginning of the convergence of word and data processing functions?
What marked the beginning of the convergence of word and data processing functions?
What was the storage capacity of the magnetic tape cartridges used in the IBM 5100 Portable Computer?
What was the storage capacity of the magnetic tape cartridges used in the IBM 5100 Portable Computer?
What was the primary advantage of the IBM Selectric Typewriter?
What was the primary advantage of the IBM Selectric Typewriter?
What was the main characteristic of the electronic typewriters introduced in the 1930s?
What was the main characteristic of the electronic typewriters introduced in the 1930s?
What marked the transition from a paper-based records environment to a hybrid environment that includes digital records?
What marked the transition from a paper-based records environment to a hybrid environment that includes digital records?
What was the primary purpose of the technology developed in 1965?
What was the primary purpose of the technology developed in 1965?
What was the problem with the use of EDMS in the 1980s?
What was the problem with the use of EDMS in the 1980s?
What was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990?
What was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990?
What was the solution to allow employee secure access from outside of the organization walls?
What was the solution to allow employee secure access from outside of the organization walls?
What was the name of the system introduced at MIT in 1965 that left an electronic note in someone's directory?
What was the name of the system introduced at MIT in 1965 that left an electronic note in someone's directory?
Who is credited with inventing Internet-based e-mail in 1971?
Who is credited with inventing Internet-based e-mail in 1971?
What was the purpose of the file transfer protocol developed by Ray Tomlinson?
What was the purpose of the file transfer protocol developed by Ray Tomlinson?
What was the guidance provided by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in 2005?
What was the guidance provided by the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in 2005?
What was the retention period for website design records provided by the U.S. General Services Administration?
What was the retention period for website design records provided by the U.S. General Services Administration?
What was the business model born in 1994 with the business plan written by Jeff Bezos?
What was the business model born in 1994 with the business plan written by Jeff Bezos?
What percentage of ARPANET traffic was email by the end of the 1970s?
What percentage of ARPANET traffic was email by the end of the 1970s?
What is expected to be the total number of business and consumer emails sent and received each day by the end of 2026?
What is expected to be the total number of business and consumer emails sent and received each day by the end of 2026?
What is a benefit of hosting an email system on-premises?
What is a benefit of hosting an email system on-premises?
What is the primary purpose of an email retention policy?
What is the primary purpose of an email retention policy?
What was the primary feature of AOL Instant Messenger (AIM)?
What was the primary feature of AOL Instant Messenger (AIM)?
What is the expected number of worldwide IM accounts by the end of 2025?
What is the expected number of worldwide IM accounts by the end of 2025?
What is the name of the Facebook Messenger feature that allows businesses to generate leads?
What is the name of the Facebook Messenger feature that allows businesses to generate leads?
What is the purpose of an aggregator like Microsoft's One Messenger?
What is the purpose of an aggregator like Microsoft's One Messenger?
What is an example of an online chat room used for discussing video game news?
What is an example of an online chat room used for discussing video game news?
What is the purpose of chatbots in live chat tools like LiveChat?
What is the purpose of chatbots in live chat tools like LiveChat?
Study Notes
Information Technology, Records, and the Information Age
Computers for Data Processing
- The term "digital" was first used in 1938 to describe a computer that operates on data in the form of digits.
- The U.S. Federal Records Act was expanded in 1950 to establish the framework for records management in federal agencies.
- Key milestones in the evolution of computers for data processing:
- 1943-1945: ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was developed, filling a 20- by 40-foot room and using over 18,000 vacuum tubes.
- 1951: UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) was introduced, using magnetic tape for mass storage.
- 1956: IBM developed the RAMAC 305, the first computer with a hard disk drive (HDD).
- 1962: IBM introduced the IBM 1311, which offered the first storage unit with removable disks in disk packs.
- 1975-1982: IBM developed the 5100 Portable Computer, which weighed 50 pounds and offered magnetic tape cartridges.
- 1978: IBM introduced the 5.25” floppy disk, which became the standard removable storage medium.
- 1984-2000: IBM introduced the 3.5” floppy disk, offering three storage options ranging from 720 KB to 2.88 MB of storage.
Bits, Bytes, and Other Units of Digital Information
- A bit is the smallest unit of information stored on a computer, represented by either a 1 or a 0.
- A byte is made up of 8 bits and can represent 256 characters, either numbers or letters.
- Key units of digital information:
- 1 kilobyte (KB) = 1,024 bytes
- 1 megabyte (MB) = 1,024 kilobytes
- 1 gigabyte (GB) = 1,024 megabytes
- 1 terabyte (TB) = 1,024 gigabytes
- 1 petabyte (PB) = 1,024 terabytes
- 1 exabyte (EB) = 1,024 petabytes
- 1 zettabyte (ZB) = 1,024 exabytes
- 1 yottabyte (YB) = 1,024 zettabytes
- 1 brontobyte (BB) = 1,024 yottabytes
- 1 geopbyte (GB) = 1,024 brontobytes
Electronic Typewriters and Word Processors for Text Processing
- Key milestones in the evolution of text processing technologies:
- 1930: IBM introduced the Electronic Typewriter, increasing typing speeds and accelerating the growth of paper documents.
- 1961: IBM developed the Selectric Typewriter, allowing operators to select from different type fonts.
- 1964: IBM introduced the MT/ST (Magnetic Tape/Selectric Typewriter), combining the features of the Selectric with a magnetic tape drive.
- 1971: IBM introduced the 8” floppy disk, allowing for reusable, portable, and inexpensive storage.
- 1973: Vydec developed the Word Processing system, using floppy disks to store 80-100 pages of text.
The Information Age
Electronic Records and the Hybrid Environment
- The information age, which began in the late 1970s, brought about a transition from a paper-based records environment to a hybrid environment that includes digital records.
- Despite claims of a "paperless office," the ease of document creation, editing, storage, and retrieval led to further growth in the volume of paper records.
Communication Technologies
- E-mail was introduced in 1965 at MIT, allowing users to leave electronic notes in someone's directory.
- Ray Tomlinson developed Internet-based e-mail in 1971, using the @ symbol to identify users and computers.
- Key statistics:
- 1974: Hundreds of military users of e-mail
- 1978: 5,000 e-mail messages sent
- 2026: Expected 408.2 billion e-mail messages sent and received daily
- E-mail management systems provide records management and retention functionality, and cloud-based email archiving solutions can reduce server loads and provide backup services.
Instant Messaging (IM)
- IM was launched in the early 1990s, allowing users to set up chat rooms on web servers.
- Key statistics:
- 1997: AOL Instant Messenger (AIM) was launched, allowing direct peer-to-peer connections.
- 2025: Expected over 9.5 billion IM accounts worldwide
- Popular IM apps for external business communications include WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, WeChat, Telegram, Skype, Confide, and Signal.
- IM apps for internal team communications include Microsoft Teams, Discord, and Slack.
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Description
This quiz covers the development of records management policies and procedures in the US, driven by increasing information volumes and emerging technology.
