Reconstruction Module 2 Quiz

Reconstruction Overview

• Reconstruction aimed to rebuild the Union after the Civil War and address the status of freed African Americans.
• Key issues included political integration, economic recovery, and social reforms in the Southern states.

Freedom for African Americans

• Significant strides made towards African American emancipation and civil rights, including the abolition of slavery through the 13th Amendment.
• Establishment of schools, churches, and other institutions to support African American communities.

President Johnson's Reconstruction Plan

• Johnson’s plan allowed southern states to resume governance with minimal federal intervention.
• Key features included the swift restoration of Southern state governments but excluded meaningful protections for African Americans.

Opposition to President Johnson

• Resistance from Radical Republicans who sought greater rights for African Americans and a more stringent approach to Southern reintegration.
• Opposition to Johnson’s leniency led to escalating tensions between the President and Congress.

Fourteenth Amendment

• Ratified in 1868, granting citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.
• It aimed to secure rights for African Americans and limit the power of ex-Confederate states.

Congress Takes Control of Reconstruction

• In response to Johnson's opposition, Congress enacted a more aggressive Reconstruction plan.
• The Military Reconstruction Act divided the South into military districts to oversee a transition to civil governance.

Fifteenth Amendment

• Ratified in 1870, prohibiting the denial of the vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
• Aimed to protect African American voting rights, though many states implemented discriminatory practices.

Reconstruction Governments

• New state governments established, often including African Americans in political positions.
• These governments faced significant opposition and violence from opponents committed to the old order.

Ku Klux Klan

• Founded in 1866 as a secret society aiming to suppress African American rights and maintain white supremacy.
• Engaged in violent actions, intimidation tactics, and voter suppression against both African Americans and allies.

Reconstruction Ends

• Marked by the Compromise of 1877, resulting in the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.
• Led to the rise of Jim Crow laws and systemic disenfranchisement of African Americans.

Rebuilding Southern Industry

• Focus on economic recovery included diversification beyond agriculture, emphasizing industries like textiles and railroads.
• Economic struggles persisted due to the devastation of war and extreme poverty in the region.

Reconstruction in the North

• The North underwent social and economic changes, including immigration influx and industrial growth.
• Northern attitudes toward Reconstruction shifted over time, affecting support for Southern political reform efforts.

Reconstruction Overview

• Reconstruction aimed to rebuild the Union after the Civil War and address the status of freed African Americans.
• Key issues included political integration, economic recovery, and social reforms in the Southern states.

Freedom for African Americans

• Significant strides made towards African American emancipation and civil rights, including the abolition of slavery through the 13th Amendment.
• Establishment of schools, churches, and other institutions to support African American communities.

President Johnson's Reconstruction Plan

• Johnson’s plan allowed southern states to resume governance with minimal federal intervention.
• Key features included the swift restoration of Southern state governments but excluded meaningful protections for African Americans.

Opposition to President Johnson

• Resistance from Radical Republicans who sought greater rights for African Americans and a more stringent approach to Southern reintegration.
• Opposition to Johnson’s leniency led to escalating tensions between the President and Congress.

Fourteenth Amendment

• Ratified in 1868, granting citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.
• It aimed to secure rights for African Americans and limit the power of ex-Confederate states.

Congress Takes Control of Reconstruction

• In response to Johnson's opposition, Congress enacted a more aggressive Reconstruction plan.
• The Military Reconstruction Act divided the South into military districts to oversee a transition to civil governance.

Fifteenth Amendment

• Ratified in 1870, prohibiting the denial of the vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
• Aimed to protect African American voting rights, though many states implemented discriminatory practices.

Reconstruction Governments

• New state governments established, often including African Americans in political positions.
• These governments faced significant opposition and violence from opponents committed to the old order.

Ku Klux Klan

• Founded in 1866 as a secret society aiming to suppress African American rights and maintain white supremacy.
• Engaged in violent actions, intimidation tactics, and voter suppression against both African Americans and allies.

Reconstruction Ends

• Marked by the Compromise of 1877, resulting in the withdrawal of federal troops from the South.
• Led to the rise of Jim Crow laws and systemic disenfranchisement of African Americans.

Rebuilding Southern Industry

• Focus on economic recovery included diversification beyond agriculture, emphasizing industries like textiles and railroads.
• Economic struggles persisted due to the devastation of war and extreme poverty in the region.

Reconstruction in the North

• The North underwent social and economic changes, including immigration influx and industrial growth.
• Northern attitudes toward Reconstruction shifted over time, affecting support for Southern political reform efforts.