15 Questions
When did the Reconstruction era in America begin?
April 9, 1865
Who succeeded President Abraham Lincoln and took on the Reconstruction movement?
President Andrew Johnson
When did the Reconstruction era in America end?
March 31, 1877
What impact did the end of the Reconstruction era have on African Americans?
Segregation, discrimination, lynching, and harassment increased
What effect did the Plessy v. Ferguson decision have on Southern states?
Allowed maintenance of physical control over Black citizens through segregationist laws
How did the power shift in federal office impact the Reconstruction era's damage?
It left much of the damage to be shouldered by the Black community
What challenges did freedmen in the North face when seeking employment?
Racial discrimination
How did housing policies and practices affect African Americans?
They faced segregationist policies and limited access to home ownership
What happened to many Radical Republicans in office as the Reconstruction era ended?
They were replaced with more moderate representatives
What was the primary goal of Ulysses S. Grant as president?
Enact reconstruction policies and work closely with Congress
Which amendment did Grant support the passage and ratification of in 1870?
15th Amendment
What event marked the end of Reconstruction?
Compromise of 1877
Who succeeded President Lincoln after his assassination?
Andrew Johnson
Which legislation curtailed Johnson's control over reconstruction?
The Tenure of Office Act
Who was the last president involved in the Reconstruction era?
Ulysses S. Grant
Study Notes
Reconstruction Era: Goals and Presidential Leadership
- Reconstruction period aimed to reunify the South and North after the Civil War, while addressing the fate of freedmen and safeguarding their rights.
- President Lincoln's 10 Percent Plan required Southern states' compliance for reunification, offering an olive branch to Confederates before the war's conclusion.
- Lincoln fought for the creation of the Freedmen's Bureau and the 13th Amendment to abolish slavery.
- Lincoln's assassination led to Vice President Andrew Johnson's presidency, who pursued a milder approach to Southern reconciliation, angering Radical Republicans.
- Johnson's Presidential Reconstruction led to the creation of racist codes in the reunified Southern states, enraging Radical Republicans in Congress.
- Radical Republicans curtailed Johnson's control over reconstruction by enacting the Freedmen's Bureau, the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and the 14th Amendment.
- The Tenure of Office Act was passed to restrict Johnson's ability to remove members of his own cabinet.
- Johnson's speaking tour during the 1866 congressional elections was a failure, leading to his impeachment in 1868, though he was not convicted by the Senate.
- Ulysses S. Grant, the last president involved in the Reconstruction era, had previously served during the Civil War and was present at General Lee's surrender.
- Grant's presidency marked the conclusion of the Reconstruction period, with the goal of reunification largely achieved.
- The Reconstruction era involved conflict between the executive branch and Radical Republicans in Congress over the process of reunification and extending rights to freedmen.
- The Reconstruction period saw the passage of key legislation such as the 13th and 14th Amendments, the creation of the Freedmen's Bureau, and the curtailment of presidential power through the Tenure of Office Act.
Test your knowledge of the Reconstruction Era, including the goals and presidential leadership during this pivotal period in American history. Learn about President Lincoln's 10 Percent Plan, President Johnson's approach to Southern reconciliation, and the legislative milestones of the Reconstruction period.
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