Reconstruction

They used violence, often in the form of beatings, burnings, and murder, to intimidate and scare African Americans from participating in society and politics.

False (B)

<ol> <li>The Republican Party was weakened by scandals and corruption within the federal government, particularly in the Grant administration. These scandals alienated many and cast a shadow on the party. 2. The Supreme Court increasingly undermined Reconstruction legislation, which gradually eroded the legal foundation on which Reconstruction relied. This shift in judicial interpretation made it more difficult to protect African American rights and contributed to a lessening of public support for Reconstruction.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reconstruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Redemption was a phrase the Democrats used to describe their return to power in the Southern states after Reconstruction. It essentially symbolized the restoration of white supremacy and the dismantling of Reconstruction policies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The granting of additional rights and protections for African Americans throughout the South (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The end of Reconstruction led to a significant setback for African American civil rights and political participation in the South. White Southerners, once again in control of state governments, implemented measures to disenfranchise and marginalize African Americans. This consisted of laws that restricted voting rights (such as poll taxes and literacy tests), enforced segregation through Jim Crow laws, and encouraged violence and intimidation against African Americans who dared to exercise their rights or challenge the status quo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The movement by Southern Democrats to regain control of their state governments after Reconstruction, marking the end of federal involvement in the South.

A period of economic decline characterized by decreased business activity and widespread unemployment, triggered in 1873 by a financial crisis.

The ability of a state government to govern itself without excessive federal interference.

A series of federal laws passed in 1870 and 1871 aimed at curtailing violence against African Americans and protecting their voting rights in the South.

A secret society formed in Tennessee in 1866 by Confederate veterans, which evolved into a violent terrorist organization targeting African Americans and their allies, aiming to restore white supremacy.

The 1877 agreement ending the contested presidential election between Samuel Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes, in which Democrats agreed to concede the presidency to Hayes in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from the South and other concessions. This effectively marked the end of Reconstruction.

A period of federal intervention in the South following the Civil War, focused on rebuilding the region and establishing civil rights for formerly enslaved people.

The series of federal Reconstruction policies implemented by the Radical Republicans in the aftermath of the Civil War, aimed at protecting the rights of formerly enslaved people.

The period of time after 1865, when Southern states were under federal control and subject to Reconstruction policies, as they worked to rebuild their devastated economies and reintegrate into the Union.

The 14th Amendment to the US Constitution, adopted in 1868, granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States, including formerly enslaved people.

The 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1870, prohibited the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Southern white Republicans, who often collaborated with Northerners in Reconstruction, supporting policies aimed at providing social and political rights for formerly enslaved people.

Northerners who traveled to the South during Reconstruction, taking on roles in government or business, often perceived as opportunistic by Southern white Democrats.

A Republican president who served from 1869 to 1877, facing challenges during Reconstruction including a series of corruption scandals and the Panic of 1873.

A Democratic candidate for president in the election of 1876, who won the popular vote but lost the electoral college to Rutherford B. Hayes after a contested and controversial outcome.

A Republican candidate for president in the election of 1876, who ultimately won the election after a controversial compromise, effectively ending Reconstruction.

A collection of congressional Reconstruction policies aimed at establishing civil rights and establishing a system of equal opportunity for formerly enslaved people after the Civil War.

A historical perspective emphasizing the shortcomings and failures of Reconstruction, arguing that it ultimately failed to achieve its goals of racial equality and social justice in the South.

A historical perspective highlighting the positive accomplishments of Reconstruction, despite its limitations, arguing that it made significant progress toward racial equality and social progress.

A system of federal governance in which the federal government plays a dominant role in shaping social and political policies, often seen as a contrast to federalism, where power is shared between federal and state governments.

A political system characterized by shared power between federal and state governments, where states retain a degree of autonomy and independence in shaping their own policies, in contrast to a centralized government.

The act of preventing or hindering someone from exercising their right to vote, often through intimidation or violence, which was a tactic used against African Americans in the South to suppress their political participation.

A type of agricultural system prevalent in the South during the late 19th century, where farmers rented land from landowners and paid rent in the form of a share of their crops after harvesting.

The process of withdrawing a currency from circulation and replacing it with a different form of currency, often linked to a gold standard, which was a topic of debate during Reconstruction and the Panic of 1873.

The process of granting pardons or forgiveness to individuals who have committed offenses, particularly political offenses, which was an issue during Reconstruction, as it related to former Confederate leaders.

A system where a nation's currency is directly backed by a specific amount of gold, creating stability but restricting the amount of money in circulation. This was a topic of debate during Reconstruction and the economic challenges of the time.

A term used to describe the period of time during Reconstruction when Southern state governments transitioned away from federal control and back to the rule of white Democrats, often associated with the curtailment of civil rights for African Americans.

A period of social and political transformation in the United States, marked by the abolition of slavery, the efforts to rebuild the South, and the fight for civil rights, especially for formerly enslaved people.

The act of preventing or hindering someone from exercising their right to vote, often through intimidation or violence, which was a tactic used against African Americans in the South to suppress their political participation.