Readings in Philippine History - Module 1

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'historia' originally refer to?

  • Knowledge acquired through inquiry (correct)
  • A written statement of belief
  • An account of historical events
  • The study of mathematical principles

Which of the following best reflects the historical perspective of traditional historians?

  • Documents are essential for establishing historical facts. (correct)
  • Historical facts can be derived from oral traditions.
  • Any narrative can be considered history.
  • History is solely the study of wars and conflicts.

How long has history existed as a discipline?

  • 400 years
  • 1,000 years
  • 3,000 years
  • 2,400 years (correct)

What is one of the common subjects historians focus on according to the content?

<p>Lives of important individuals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which language did the term 'historia' derive its original meaning?

<p>Greek (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of historical evidence as discussed in the content?

<p>It must be written documentation to be valid. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which academic discipline is history compared to in terms of its age?

<p>Mathematics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant change to the definition of history in classical Latin?

<p>It became known as the account of the past. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of historiography?

<p>To uncover the relationships between events and people (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does external criticism evaluate in historical sources?

<p>The authenticity through physical characteristics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a role of a philologist in historical methodology?

<p>To examine the style and language of a text (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a source is examined during internal criticism?

<p>The production circumstances and content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does numismatics study in historical research?

<p>The coins and medals as primary sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to evaluate historical sources?

<p>To validate the authenticity and avoid deception (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would a paleographer primarily focus on when analyzing historical documents?

<p>The handwriting characteristics of the document (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in the understanding of history beyond just chronological events?

<p>The integration of relationships among events and people (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of historiography?

<p>Writing history based on the critical examination of sources. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text differentiate between history and historiography?

<p>History deals with past events while historiography deals with the study of historical texts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What types of documents are listed as valid for recording history?

<p>Receipts, personal letters, chronicles, and government records. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue is highlighted regarding the validity of historical evidence?

<p>Discrimination against specific social classes lacking written records. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which groups are mentioned as typically lacking formal historical documentation?

<p>Peasant families and indigenous groups. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the absence of documents imply about a group of people?

<p>They did not exist or have no history. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'history' encapsulate?

<p>The sum total of past events, actions, and thoughts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge does historiography address in the study of history?

<p>Awareness of historical biases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

History Definition

History is the study of the past, acquired through inquiry or investigation. It's the account of people's past, often using written sources.

Historiography

The study of how history is written and interpreted; examining historical methods and perspectives.

Historical Evidence

Documentation that supports historical claims; essential for verifying historical accounts.

Traditional Historians

Historians who believed that written records were the only way to understand the past

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"No document, no history"

The traditional belief that a historical event must have a written source to be considered fact.

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Importance of History

History involves studying significant people, events, and breakthroughs for a better understanding of the past and present.

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Early History

The study of history from ancient times until the early parts of the 20th century, often focusing on significant people and events.

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History as an Academic Discipline

History became a formal field of study, important for understanding past events and people.

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Historiography

The study of how history is written, including the methods, sources, and interpretations used by historians.

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Historical Methodology

The systematic approach historians use to research and analyze historical events and sources.

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External Criticism

Evaluating the authenticity of a historical source by examining its physical characteristics and context.

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Internal Criticism

Examining the content of an authentic historical source to determine its accuracy and reliability.

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Authenticity of a Source

The truthfulness and validity of a historical source; whether a document/object is genuine and not a forgery.

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External Characteristic

The physical features or condition of a historical document/object. This is analyzed for authenticity

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Primary Source

Original documents or objects from a specific time period.

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Historical Evidence

The material collected or information used by historians to analyze a historical event.

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Valid Historical Documents

Records like receipts, letters, chronicles, and government documents used to understand the past.

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Historical Evidence Discrimination

Bias in history, where written records are prioritized, leaving out experiences of other social groups (e.g., peasants, indigenous groups).

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Historiography

The study of how history is written; including the methods, sources, and context behind historical accounts.

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History as an Inquiry

History is considered complex and dynamic due to different perspectives and interpretation of the past.

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History, the Sum of the Past

History includes every past event, action, and thought of humanity.

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History as Analysis & Writing

History is also the process of analysis and writing about the past.

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Historical Methods

The specific methods used by historians to analyze and understand historical sources.

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Absence of Documentation

The lack of documents does not mean that people or events did not exist in the past.

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Study Notes

Readings in Philippine History - GE 102

  • Course offered by the City Government of San Pablo
  • Module 1: Introduction to History
  • Academic Year 2024-2025
  • Lecturer: Mr. Antonio M. Regoris

Lesson Title: Introduction to History

  • History: Derived from Greek word "historia," meaning knowledge acquired through inquiry
  • History as a Discipline: 2,400 years old, as old as mathematics and philosophy
  • Definition of History: Account of the past of people
  • Importance of Documents: Historians rely on written documents, historical evidence like receipts, letters, accounts, and government records, to write history

History and Historiography

  • History: The study of the past, encompassing events, actions, and thoughts of individuals
  • Historiography: The writing of history, involving critical evaluation of source materials, details selection, and narrative synthesis.
  • Distinction between History and Historiography: History focuses on the past, while historiography analyzes the methods of writing history.
  • Historical Sources Validation: Crucial to distinguish authentic documents via external (physical features) and internal (content, author, purpose) criticism

Evaluating Historical Data

  • External Criticism: Verifying authenticity of sources by examining physical characteristics, time period consistency, and materials

  • Internal Criticism: Evaluating source content, author perspective, potential biases, time context, and purpose.

  • Historical Source Validation Procedures: Questions for validating historical sources include author proximity, creation time, recipient, presence of bias, common sense correspondence, and account corroboration.

  • Historical Specialists: Paleographers (handwriting), philologists (language), numismatists (coins/medals), and epigraphists (inscriptions) aid in validating sources.

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