Readings in Philippine History
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Questions and Answers

Who was the author of the document discussing the customs of the Tagalogs?

  • Juan de Plasencia (correct)
  • Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
  • Andres Bonifacio
  • Antonio Pigafetta

    • What was the main purpose of the Tejeros Convention?

  • To establish a new government
  • To create the Katipunan
  • To declare the independence of the Philippines
  • To discuss the defense of Cavite (correct)

    • What significant event is associated with Ferdinand Magellan's expedition?

  • Founding of the Katipunan
  • First Mass in the Philippines (correct)
  • Discovery of new lands
  • The birth of Andres Bonifacio

    • Which of the following statements about Andres Bonifacio is true?

    <p>He created the Katipunan independently (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a result of Magellan's expedition?

    <p>300 Filipinos were baptized (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Magellan was killed in which significant battle?

    <p>Battle of Mactan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the original name given to the Philippines by Magellan?

    <p>Archipelago de San Lazaro (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What critical issue is addressed in the document 'Magdalo'?

    <p>Labor issues in the Philippines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does external criticism primarily assess in a historical document?

    <p>The authenticity of the document (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals is referred to as GOMBURZA?

    <p>Filipino priests executed during the Cavite Mutiny (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the Cavite Mutiny?

    <p>The execution of GOMBURZA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which faction of the Katipunan was founded by Alvarez?

    <p>Magdiwang (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about the handling of historical documents?

    <p>They must be analyzed for inconsistencies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the Katipunan?

    <p>A revolutionary movement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the main figures executed as a result of the Cavite Mutiny?

    <p>Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What misconception does the execution of the GOMBURZA lead to regarding Spanish rule?

    <p>Filipino priests did not oppose Spanish authority (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a primary source in historical studies?

    <p>It provides firsthand evidence from the time of the event. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a secondary source?

    <p>A research article analyzing a historical event. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an internal criticism criterion?

    <p>Assessing the age of the document. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does historiography involve?

    <p>The imaginative reconstruction of the past. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of external criticism?

    <p>Cross-comparing different historical accounts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of internal criticism in historical analysis?

    <p>The credibility and reasoning of the author. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of source is specifically described as 'created during the time being'?

    <p>Primary source (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically included in the analysis of primary sources?

    <p>Understanding the previous owners of the document. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Aliping Saguiguilid' refer to in pre-Hispanic Filipino society?

    <p>Slaves and mostly hostages from war (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the 'Doctrina Christiana'?

    <p>The first book published in the Philippines containing prayers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the primary objectives of the Katipunan?

    <p>To separate from Spain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who authored 'The Customs of the Tagalogs'?

    <p>Juan de Plasencia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which social class in pre-Hispanic Filipino society had the ability to own property?

    <p>Aliping Namamahay (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'frailocracy' refer to in the context of Filipino society during the Spanish period?

    <p>A society dominated by friars or Spanish priests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 'Kartilya ng Katipunan'?

    <p>It served as a guidebook for Katipuneros (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reformist is known for satirizing the frailocracy in his works?

    <p>Marcelo del Pilar (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Primary Sources

    Documents created during the time period they describe, like diaries, letters, and photographs.

    Secondary Sources

    Documents that analyze and interpret primary sources, like scholarly articles and biographies.

    Internal Criticism

    Evaluating the credibility of a source, considering factors like author bias and the document's age.

    Historiography

    The study of how history is written and interpreted.

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    Historical Method

    Examining and analyzing historical records to understand the past.

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    External Criticism

    Verifying the authenticity of a document by analyzing its physical characteristics and context.

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    Cavite Mutiny

    Rebellion that occurred in Cavite, Philippines in 1872, leading to the execution of three Filipino priests.

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    GOMBURZA

    Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, executed by the Spanish authorities after the Cavite Mutiny.

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    Jose Montero y Vidal's Account

    Spanish version of the Cavite Mutiny, blaming Filipino priests for instigating the uprising.

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    Trinidad Pardo de Tavera's Account

    Filipino version of the Cavite Mutiny, highlighting the injustices faced by Filipinos under Spanish rule.

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    Tejeros Convention

    Convention held in Tejeros, Cavite in 1897, where the first Philippine president was elected.

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    Andres Bonifacio

    Leader of the Katipunan, whose results were voided at the Tejeros Convention.

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    Ferdinand Magellan's Expedition

    Voyage led by Ferdinand Magellan, sponsored by Spain, which reached the Philippines in 1521.

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    Archipelago de San Lazaro

    Name given by Magellan to the Philippines, meaning 'Archipelago of Saint Lazarus'.

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    Battle of Mactan

    Battle fought in 1521 between Spanish forces and Filipino natives led by Lapu-Lapu.

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    Customs of the Tagalogs

    Document written by Juan de Plasencia describing the customs and social structure of pre-Hispanic Filipinos.

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    Maharlika

    Pre-Hispanic Filipino social class composed of free men.

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    Aliping Namamahay

    Pre-Hispanic Filipino social class composed of servants with property.

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    Aliping Saguiguilir

    Pre-Hispanic Filipino social class composed of slaves with no property.

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    Marcelo del Pilar

    Filipino reformist who wrote 'Dasalan at Tocsohan', criticizing Spanish rule and highlighting social issues.

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    Kartilya ng Katipunan

    Guidebook for Katipuneros, outlining moral values and critiquing Spanish rule.

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    Frailocracy

    System of power held by friars in the Philippines during Spanish rule.

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    Katipunan

    Revolutionary organization founded by Andres Bonifacio, aimed for political independence from Spain.

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    Jose Rizal

    Prominent Filipino reformist who founded La Liga Filipina, advocating for peaceful reform.

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    La Liga Filipina

    Organization founded by Jose Rizal, aiming for peaceful reforms through education and social programs.

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    Political Separation from Spain

    The objective of the Katipunan to achieve political independence from Spain.

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    Moral Improvement

    The objective of the Katipunan to improve the moral standards of Filipinos.

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    Establishment of Good Governance

    The objective of the Katipunan to establish a just and equitable governance system.

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    Spain

    Ferdinand Magellan's voyage was sponsored by this powerful European country.

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    Battle of Mactan

    This significant battle showed early Filipino resistance against foreign rule, led by Lapu-Lapu.

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    Study Notes

    Types of Historical Sources

    • Primary sources are created during the time of the events and include autobiographies, diaries, artifacts, and physical objects like clothing and films.
    • Secondary sources interpret primary sources and step away from the original events, such as criticisms, articles, and encyclopedias.
    • Internal criticism evaluates the credibility of the author, considering factors like the document's age, the author's purpose, and the origins of the document.

    Steps in Historical Methodology

    • Historical Method involves examining and analyzing records of the past.
    • Historiography is the reconstruction of the past through the writing of history.
    • External criticism verifies a document's authenticity by scrutinizing the author’s background, comparing works, and identifying inconsistencies in handwriting.

    Cavite Mutiny and Historical Events

    • The Cavite Mutiny lead to the execution of GOMBURZA: Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora.
    • Two versions of the Cavite Mutiny exist, a Spanish version by Jose Montero y Vidal and a Filipino version by Trinidad Pardo de Tavera, detailing the reasons behind the revolt.
    • The Tejeros Convention is recognized as the first election in the Philippines and aimed to defend Cavite, though it ended with Andres Bonifacio voiding its results.

    The Spanish Expedition and Initial Encounters

    • Ferdinand Magellan led the first voyage around the world, sponsored by Spain, arriving in the Philippines in 1521 and naming it Archipelago de San Lazaro.
    • The expedition provided significant geographical knowledge and documented early Filipino resistance against foreign rule, particularly at the battle of Mactan against Lapu-Lapu.

    Customs and Social Structure of Pre-Hispanic Filipinos

    • The Customs of the Tagalogs, written by Juan de Plasencia, provides insight into the cultural, religious, and social practices of pre-Hispanic Filipinos.
    • It emphasizes respect for women and family, generosity, compassion, and good governance.
    • Social classes included Maharlika (freemen), Aliping Namamahay (servants with properties), and Aliping Saguiguilir (slaves).

    Reform Movements and Notable Figures

    • Marcelo del Pilar, a reformist, outlined social customs in his work "Dasalan at Tocsohan".
    • The Kartilya ng Katipunan, written by Emilio Jacinto, served as a guidebook for Katipuneros and critiqued the power held by friars, known as frailocracy.

    Objectives of the Katipunan

    • The Katipunan, founded by Andres Bonifacio, aimed for political separation from Spain, moral improvement, and the establishment of good governance.
    • Jose Rizal, a prominent reformist, founded La Liga Filipina, advocating for peaceful reform in contrast to Bonifacio's revolutionary methods.

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    Description

    Explore the critical analysis of secondary sources in Philippine history through this quiz. Focus on internal criticism and the credibility of authors as you delve into the interpretation of primary sources. Enhance your understanding of historical methodologies.

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