Questions and Answers
Which theorists are associated with the Stage Models of Reading?
What is the Emergent Literacy Theory related to?
It relates to the interconnectedness of listening, speaking, reading, and writing, highlighting that a literacy-rich home leads to a literacy-rich child.
What does the Family Literacy Theory emphasize?
It emphasizes educating families, the relationship between family literacy and academic literacy, and the context literacy is used at home.
What type of approach does the Interactive Compensatory Model suggest?
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What is the Phonological-Core Variable Difference Model related to?
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What factors shape an individual's development in the Socio-Cultural Theory?
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In Social Learning Theory, people learn by observing others.
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What does Classical Conditioning explain?
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Define Connectionism.
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What does Operant Conditioning involve?
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What is Schema Theory about?
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What does Metacognition refer to?
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What is the Theory of Cognitive Development by Piaget about?
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What does the Theory of Literacy Development emphasize?
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What does the Information Processing Model explain?
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What does Gough's Model focus on?
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What characterizes the Interactive Model of reading?
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What does the Parallel Distributed Processing Model explain?
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What does the Dual-Route Cascaded Model propose?
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What categories does the Double-Deficit Hypothesis outline?
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What is Inquiry Learning based on?
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What is the Zone of Proximal Development?
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Study Notes
Stage Models of Reading
- Developed by Ehri, Chall, Gough, and Firth; outlines stages in which students enhance reading strategies.
- Key strategies include phonetic awareness, utilization of Elkonin boxes, and letter identification.
Emergent Literacy Theory
- Proposed by Clay; emphasizes interconnectedness of listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
- Children's literacy development is influenced by their literacy-rich environments and experiences.
Family Literacy Theory
- Introduced by Taylor; encompasses three viewpoints: educating families, linking family literacy to academic literacy, and understanding literacy's contextual use at home.
- Stresses family involvement, books exposure, and read-aloud practices.
Interactive Compensatory Model
- Stanovich's approach highlights nonlinear reading processes using simultaneous syntactic, semantic, orthographic, and lexical information.
- Encourages teaching students to adapt their strategies based on context and need.
Phonological-Core Variable Difference Model
- Describes a "fan spread" effect related to phonics and comprehension, emphasizing phonemic awareness and letter identification.
- Addresses challenges faced by readers with processing disorders.
Socio-Cultural Theory
- Developed by Bronfenbrenner; posits that social, cultural, economic, and political factors significantly shape individual development.
- Encourages activating prior knowledge and making contextual connections.
Social Learning Theory
- Bandura's theory posits that learning occurs through observation and modeling.
- Highlights the influence of role models in the learning process.
Classical Conditioning
- Explored by Pavlov and Watson; describes how stimuli lead to conditioned responses, both positive and negative.
- Relevant in educational contexts, such as Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS).
Connectionism
- Proposed by Thorndike; suggests that stimuli and behaviors influence future actions.
- Incorporates collaborative learning methods like think-pair-share and buddy reading.
Operant Conditioning
- B.F. Skinner's concept that behavior modification arises from reinforcement or punishment.
- Promotes group incentives and recognition to encourage desired behaviors.
Schema Theory
- Bartlett's theory posits that existing knowledge structures are modified as new information is integrated.
- Supports activating prior knowledge and background building in learning.
Metacognition
- Defined by Flavell and Brown; involves using reading strategies to improve comprehension.
- Emphasizes techniques like fix-up strategies, think-alouds, and explicit instruction.
Theory of Cognitive Development
- Piaget's theory asserts that children's thinking evolves over time, influenced by internal and external factors.
- Highlights the importance of experiential learning and social interactions in development.
Theory of Literacy Development
- Holdaway's perspective views reading as a natural skill, influenced by parental modeling and school experiences.
- Advocates for shared reading, re-reading, and fostering rich literacy environments.
Information Processing Model
- Developed by Atkinson and Shifrin; posits that information undergoes sequential processing in three stages.
- Underpins lesson planning and teaching sequences.
Gough's Model
- Gough's cognitive model indicates progression from lower-order to higher-order processing levels.
- Integrates higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) and guided reading strategies.
Interactive Model
- Rumelhart's theory demonstrates the convergence of cognitive and visual information during reading processes.
Parallel Distributed Processing Model
- Stanovich's model suggests that information is stored as interconnected representations in the brain.
- Relates to multiple areas of reading instruction and rapid letter identification skills.
Dual-Route Cascaded Model
- Proposed by Colhear & Rastle; outlines two pathways for processing words, linking whole language to grammar proficiency in better readers.
- Emphasizes phonemic and morpheme awareness along with the use of leveled texts.
Double-Deficit Hypothesis
- Developed by Wolf & Bowers; identifies three categories for reading disabilities, particularly dyslexia, focusing on phonological processing and rapid naming.
- Incorporates Response to Intervention (RTI) strategies, RAVE-O programs, and small group instruction.
Inquiry Learning
- Dewey's approach revolves around aligning learning with student interests, fostering problem-solving skills, and developing engaged citizens.
- Encourages student choice and cooperative learning experiences.
Zone of Proximal Development
- Vygotsky's concept asserts that students achieve optimal learning in their 'zone' where tasks are neither too easy nor too difficult.
- Highlights the need for balanced challenges in learning environments.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of leading reading theorists like Ehri, Chall, and Clay through engaging flashcards. This quiz covers essential theories and models in reading development, emphasizing the stages of literacy acquisition. Perfect for students and educators in the field of education.