Reactions of Alcohols and Carbonyl Compounds Quiz

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What is the purpose of the 'alcohol breath test' used by the Federal Road Safety Corps?

To detect the presence of alcohol in a person's breath (correct)

To determine if a person has consumed esters

To measure the amount of alcohol in the bloodstream

To test for the level of carbon dioxide in the breath

What is the chemistry behind the 'alcohol breath test'?

Oxidation of alcohols (correct)

Enzymatic hydrolysis

Reduction of aldehydes

Esterification reaction

In esterification of alcohols, what are the typical reactants and conditions involved?

Alcohol and carboxylic acid under basic conditions

Alcohol and amine under acidic conditions

Alcohol and carboxylic acid under acidic conditions (correct)

Alcohol and amine under basic conditions

What is the name for the reverse reaction of esterification of alcohols?

Hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

How can one manipulate the reverse reaction of esterification to undertake soap preparation (saponification)?

Use excess water with high pH Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the reaction where an alcohol reacts with a carboxylic acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid to form esters?

Esterification Signup and view all the answers

When esterification occurs, what is the backward reaction called?

Acid-hydrolysis of ester Signup and view all the answers

What can be used in place of a carboxylic acid to speed up the esterification reaction?

Acyl chloride or acid anhydride Signup and view all the answers

Which common oxidizing agents are used to oxidize alcohols into carbonyl compounds or carboxylic acids?

Acidified potassium permanganate Signup and view all the answers

What color change is observed when primary alcohols are oxidized with acidified potassium dichromate?

From orange to green Signup and view all the answers

In the drunken driver test, what color change occurs when ethanol vapour from the breath reacts with K2Cr2O7 coated paper?

Orange to green Signup and view all the answers

What are the conditions for the dehydration of an alcohol to an alkene?

Strong acid and heat Signup and view all the answers

How do you obtain an aldehyde as the only product from an alcohol?

Oxidation with mild oxidizing agents Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of Lucas reagent used to distinguish different classes of monohydric alcohols?

Concentrated hydrochloric acid and zinc chloride Signup and view all the answers

How can you distinguish ethanol from 2-propanol and 1-propanol from 2-methyl-2-propanol using Lucas Reagent?

Color change Signup and view all the answers

What observation confirms a primary alcohol when using Lucas Reagent?

Stable color change after heating Signup and view all the answers

How do you recognize an alcohol that can undergo the iodoform test?

Tertiary alcohol Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed when an aliphatic primary amine reacts with HNO2?

Alcohol, nitrogen gas, and water Signup and view all the answers

In the Lucas test for distinguishing monohydric alcohols, which type of alcohol forms a cloudy mixture immediately upon refluxing?

3° alcohols Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of reactivity based on carbocation stability in alcohol halogenation reactions?

3° alcohol > 2° alcohol > 1° alcohol Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction leads to the formation of carbon (IV) oxide and water when alcohols burn in air?

Combustion Signup and view all the answers

What is the product formed when Grignard’s Reagent reacts with an ester?

Alcohol Signup and view all the answers

Which reaction follows the order: 3°alcohol > 2°alcohol > 1°alcohol in terms of rate of reaction?

Halogenation to alkyl halides Signup and view all the answers

What reagents can be used to convert alcohols to alkyl halides?

Phosphorus halides and sulphur dichloride oxide Signup and view all the answers

How is the dehydration of alcohols to alkenes usually carried out?

By passing alcohol vapor over an aluminum oxide catalyst heated to 350°C Signup and view all the answers