Perio Lecture 11

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Questions and Answers

What is the body's response to an infection called?

Inflammation

Hemodynamic changes

Host response (correct)

Leukocyte activation

What is the process by which leukocytes enter connective tissue?

Inflammation

Chemotaxis

Transendothelial migration (correct)

Phagocytosis

What type of infection induces an inflammatory response?

Viral infection

Fungal infection

Bacterial infection (correct)

Parasitic infection

What attracts leukocytes to the site of infection?

Chemotaxis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the immune system?

To defend the body against pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which leukocytes engulf and digest microorganisms?

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

How many major subdivisions does the immune system have?

Two Signup and view all the answers

What is the body's protective response to pathogens, foreign bodies, or injury?

Inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells release chemicals that dilate capillaries and increase vascular permeability?

Mast cells Signup and view all the answers

What do hemodynamic changes refer to?

Changes in blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What are the inflammatory mediators that play a role in the inflammatory response?

Cytokines, prostaglandins, and matrix metalloproteinases Signup and view all the answers

What are leukocytes?

White blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between acute and chronic inflammation?

Acute inflammation is a short-term process, while chronic inflammation is a long-lived, out-of-control inflammatory response that results in tissue injury. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main types of leukocytes?

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

In how many ways do antibodies participate in host defense?

Three Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between periodontitis and transendothelial migration?

Periodontitis is associated with defects in transendothelial migration. Signup and view all the answers

What is the complement system?

A group of proteins that work to facilitate phagocytosis or kill bacteria directly Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of chronic inflammation in periodontitis?

Permanent damage to body tissues Signup and view all the answers

How do the cells of the immune system fight an infection?

By traveling through the bloodstream and into the tissues Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are involved in the accumulation during chronic inflammation?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal cytokine secreted by macrophages that contributes to tissue destruction in chronic inflammation?

TNF-α Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Host response is the body's reaction to an infection.
Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection that induces an inflammatory response.
The immune system defends the body against millions of pathogens.
The immune system has two major subdivisions: innate and adaptive.
Hemodynamic changes refer to how blood cells move around in response to trauma/injury.
Leukocytes are white blood cells that act like independent single-cell organisms.
The three main types of leukocytes are polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes.
Antibodies participate in host defense in three main ways: neutralizing bacteria, coating bacteria, and activating the complement system.
The complement system is a complex series of proteins that works to facilitate phagocytosis or kill bacteria directly.
To fight an infection, the cells of the immune system travel through the bloodstream and into the tissues.

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