RBC Morphology Quiz - Hema I L-III

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What characterizes spherocytes?

Teardrop shape

Presence of a central pallor

Fragmented RBCs

No central pallor (correct)

Which condition is associated with the presence of schistocytes?

Uremia (correct)

G6PD deficiency

Thalassemia

Lead poisoning

What is a dacryocyte also known as?

Spherocyte

Spur cell

Mouth cell

Teardrop cell (correct)

Stomatocytes are characterized by which type of central pallor?

Slit-like central pallor Signup and view all the answers

What major component is increased in acanthocytes?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is associated with basophilic stippling?

Lead poisoning Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic appearance of Heinz bodies?

Pitted golf ball Signup and view all the answers

Cabot rings are associated with which type of cell structure?

Mitotic spindle remnants Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Elliptocytes in red blood cells?

RBC membrane deficiency, specifically Spectrin Signup and view all the answers

Which type of red blood cell morphology is characterized by a ‘Bull's eye’ appearance?

Codocytes Signup and view all the answers

What condition is associated with decreased hemoglobin synthesis resulting in microcytic anemia?

Thalassemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a result of macrocytic anemia?

Hemoglobinopathies Signup and view all the answers

What morphological characteristic is typical of Normocytic red blood cells?

Normal size with a disc shape Signup and view all the answers

Which type of red blood cell morphology is caused by the polymerization of Hemoglobin S?

Drepanocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of Echinocytes, also known as crenated cells?

Artificial drying of blood smears Signup and view all the answers

Which anemia is associated with impaired nuclear maturation of red blood cells?

Megaloblastic Anemia Signup and view all the answers

What type of hemoglobinopathy is specifically associated with a microcytic hypochromic red blood cell morphology?

Fe deficiency anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which inclusion body is associated with iron deposits in red blood cells?

Pappenheimer bodies Signup and view all the answers

How is the term 'hyperchromic' characterized in terms of red blood cell staining?

Cells are deeply stained and exhibit abnormal thickness Signup and view all the answers

What does rouleaux formation in red blood cells indicate?

High protein content Signup and view all the answers

Which parasitic inclusion is associated with Plasmodium falciparum?

Maurer’s dots Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by accelerated erythropoiesis and the presence of nucleated red blood cells?

Myeloproliferative disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by larger red blood cells and is typically referred to as macrocytic anemia?

Megaloblastic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders is NOT commonly associated with hypochromic red blood cells?

Megaloblastic anemia Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Red Blood Cell Morphology

Elliptocytes: Cigar or egg-shaped; linked to RBC membrane deficiencies, especially spectrin.
Codocytes: Known as target cells with a bull's eye or Mexican hat appearance due to large central pallor; often seen in liver diseases and hemoglobinopathies.
Echinocytes: Crenated or burr cells with spicules; may be artificially caused during slides drying, associated with osmotic pressure changes in cells.
Drepanocytes: Sickle-shaped due to polymerization of Hgb S; linked to decreased oxygen levels and acidic blood pH.
Schistocytes: Fragmented RBCs associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.

Size (Anisocytosis) and Shape (Poikilocytosis)

Anisocytosis: Variation in size; detected using peripheral blood smear (PBS), RBC indices, and RDW.
Microcytic RBC: MCV < 80, often due to decreased hemoglobin synthesis (iron deficiency, chronic disease).
Macrocytic RBC: MCV > 100, linked to defects in nuclear maturation (megaloblastic anemia, vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies).
Normocytic RBC: Normal size with an average diameter of 7.2 µm; categorized as "discocytes".

Inclusion Bodies

Basophilic Stippling: Fine to coarse granules in RBC indicating RNA remnants; appears as “blueberry bagel”, seen in lead poisoning and severe anemia.
Cabot Rings: Loop-shaped structures from mitotic spindle remnants; noted in pernicious anemia and lead poisoning.
Heinz Bodies: Denatured hemoglobin leading to a pitted appearance; commonly associated with G6PD deficiency.
Howell-Jolly Bodies: DNA remnants seen in accelerated or abnormal erythropoiesis; prevalent in hemolytic and megaloblastic anemia.
Pappenheimer Bodies: Siderotic granules made up of iron aggregates from mitochondria and ribosomes.

Hemoglobin Variation (Color) - Anisochromia

Hypochromic: Pale RBCs larger than 1/3 central pallor; commonly observed in iron deficiency and thalassemia.
Hyperchromic: Deeply stained RBCs, often indicative of abnormal thickness and conditions like macrocytosis or spherocytosis.

Other Cell Types

Dacryocyte: Pear-shaped "teardrop cells"; associated with primary myelofibrosis and various anemia types.
Stomatocytes: Mouth cells with slit-like central pallor, linked to Na+/K+ imbalances and conditions like overhydration or dehydration.
Acanthocytes: Thorny, spicule-covered cells caused by increased cholesterol levels; associated with McLeod Syndrome and abetalipoproteinemia.

Alterations in RBC Distribution

Rouleaux Formation: Stacking of RBCs resembling coins; often due to high protein content in serum.
Agglutination: Irregular clustering of RBCs, often indicating an immune response or underlying pathology.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the various classifications and abnormalities of red blood cell morphology, including elliptocytes, anisocytosis, and more. This quiz covers conditions like hereditary elliptocytosis and thalassemia major, providing insights into RBC membrane deficiencies and inclusion bodies.