Rationalism in the Enlightenment
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Questions and Answers

What is the central idea behind natural law theory?

  • Government should be limited to protect individual freedoms
  • Humans should obey the divine authority of kings and queens
  • The human mind is a blank slate that can be completely molded
  • The universe operates according to discernible principles found in nature (correct)

    • What is the key concept behind John Locke's theory of the social contract?

  • The human mind is a blank slate that can be completely molded by the government
  • People give up some freedom in exchange for government protection and services (correct)
  • Kings and queens are placed in power by the will of God and are above the law
  • Natural law and natural rights are based on the outdoors and 'Mother Nature'

    • What is the key difference between classical liberalism and modern liberalism?

  • Classical liberalism is a form of conservative thinking, while modern liberalism is a form of progressive thinking
  • Classical liberalism is based on natural law and natural rights, while modern liberalism is based on the divine right of kings
  • Classical liberalism believes in limited government to protect individual freedoms, while modern liberalism supports an expansive role for government (correct)
  • Classical liberalism rejects the idea of a social contract, while modern liberalism embraces it

    • What was the prevailing view of government authority before the Enlightenment?

    <p>Government authority was placed by God and should be obeyed no matter what</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the central idea behind John Locke's theory of tabula rasa?

    <p>The human mind is a blank slate that can be completely molded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Enlightenment thinkers view the concept of natural law and natural rights?

    <p>Natural law and natural rights were seen as stemming from either God or nature, or both</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Enlightenment thinkers' views on government authority differ from the previous view of the divine right of kings?

    <p>Enlightenment thinkers believed government authority should be based on the will of the masses, not divine right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the Enlightenment thinkers' views on government influence the American Founding Fathers?

    <p>The Founding Fathers were greatly influenced by the Enlightenment thinkers, especially John Locke's social contract theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary means of discovering knowledge and determining truth according to rationalism?

    <p>Reason and logic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the Enlightenment?

    <p>It was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason, science, and skepticism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following philosophers were well-known rationalists during the Enlightenment?

    <p>René Descartes and Baruch Spinoza</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did many Enlightenment thinkers consider harmful to society?

    <p>Superstition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which political system did the Enlightenment help popularize?

    <p>Democracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Enlightenment thinkers seek to improve society through?

    <p>Reason and science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between Enlightenment thinkers and authoritarian government?

    <p>They tended to be skeptical of authoritarian government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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