15 Questions
What is the central idea behind natural law theory?
The universe operates according to discernible principles found in nature
What is the key concept behind John Locke's theory of the social contract?
People give up some freedom in exchange for government protection and services
What is the key difference between classical liberalism and modern liberalism?
Classical liberalism believes in limited government to protect individual freedoms, while modern liberalism supports an expansive role for government
What was the prevailing view of government authority before the Enlightenment?
Government authority was placed by God and should be obeyed no matter what
What is the central idea behind John Locke's theory of tabula rasa?
The human mind is a blank slate that can be completely molded
How did the Enlightenment thinkers view the concept of natural law and natural rights?
Natural law and natural rights were seen as stemming from either God or nature, or both
How did the Enlightenment thinkers' views on government authority differ from the previous view of the divine right of kings?
Enlightenment thinkers believed government authority should be based on the will of the masses, not divine right
How did the Enlightenment thinkers' views on government influence the American Founding Fathers?
The Founding Fathers were greatly influenced by the Enlightenment thinkers, especially John Locke's social contract theory
What is the primary means of discovering knowledge and determining truth according to rationalism?
Reason and logic
Which of the following statements best describes the Enlightenment?
It was an intellectual movement that emphasized reason, science, and skepticism.
Which of the following philosophers were well-known rationalists during the Enlightenment?
René Descartes and Baruch Spinoza
What did many Enlightenment thinkers consider harmful to society?
Superstition
Which political system did the Enlightenment help popularize?
Democracy
What did Enlightenment thinkers seek to improve society through?
Reason and science
Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between Enlightenment thinkers and authoritarian government?
They tended to be skeptical of authoritarian government.
Explore the concept of rationalism in the context of the Enlightenment period, where human reason was considered the main tool for discovering knowledge and truth. Understand how rationalism differs from other sources of knowledge such as emotions, experience, and religious beliefs.
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