Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs)

<p>It prioritizes service user perspective and experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensure all interventions achieve identical results. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through enhancing numbers, representativeness, and efficiency. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Health gains relative to the expenditure needed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theory-based evaluation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They investigate existing care without changing interventions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longer follow up than randomized clinical trials. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They involve poor quality of routinely collected data. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The failure to adopt effective interventions within healthcare. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comparative efficacy of unselected sample treatments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To gather stakeholder views and experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confounding factors affecting results. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greater objectivity in assessing interventions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishing a theory of behavior change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different groups receive varying treatments for external reasons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Variability in participants' organizational and cultural contexts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It suggests increasing accessibility and usefulness of data sets. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher likelihood of confounding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited to a single geographical location (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring baseline measures are assessed before randomization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overestimation of treatment effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing expertise on behavior change theories (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unblinded researchers involved in the study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Involving multiple stakeholders throughout intervention stages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To provide transparency and guidance for the study methodology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They provide a fair comparison by controlling for initial differences between groups. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Exploration of individual experiences and preferences. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Theoretical framework that is revisited. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The financial outcomes versus the costs of an intervention. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can be a slow process influenced by contextual factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It improves representativeness and efficiency in data collection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their results can often align closely with RCT outcomes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Statistical significance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To explain the causal link between interventions and outcomes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Matching organizational and cultural contexts effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Randomizing staff or team caseloads instead of individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring a pilot study precedes the definitive trial (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Publication bias regarding findings (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The non-random nature of participant selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Complex psychosocial interventions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Independent oversight of participant randomization (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create a study-specific theory of change (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They consist of non-randomized comparisons between groups receiving different treatments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They allow for longer follow-up compared to RCTs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The delay in applying research findings into practice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may suffer from poor data quality and accessibility. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It explores stakeholder views and the effectiveness of interventions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can examine large, unselected samples. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organizational and attitudinal barriers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To increase accessibility and usefulness of publicly available data sets. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To research solutions for research-to-practice gaps. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limited resources, funding, and workforce capacity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A research method where participants are randomly assigned to groups to compare the effects of different interventions.

A research method that compares groups without random assignment, often using existing data or pre-existing groups.

A research method that focuses on understanding people's experiences, opinions, and perspectives through interviews, focus groups, and observation.

A study that combines qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a more complete understanding of a phenomenon.

A type of study used to investigate a research question without changing the usual care people receive.

A framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions that considers efficacy, effectiveness, theory, and systems perspectives.

The use of large datasets, often collected through routine healthcare practices, to analyze trends and patterns.

The science of using information technology to improve healthcare, including developing approaches to using routine data.

Studies investigating care already delivered without changing interventions, also known as naturalistic studies.

Observational studies where different groups receive different treatments for reasons beyond the researcher's control.

Investigations that examine relationships between explanatory and outcome variables without manipulating them. Often applied in psychopharmacology.

A large study involving 18,869 individuals starting antipsychotics in Quebec. Data was recorded to investigate differences between drugs in adverse event rates.

The gap between scientific discoveries and their implementation in healthcare practice. For example, the delay in implementing family interventions to reduce expressed emotion.

The study of factors hindering the adoption of effective interventions, including organizational and attitudinal barriers. It aims to uncover strategies for bridging the research-to-practice gap.

Scandinavian countries have a reputation for accessibility and usefulness of their public data sets, which can be valuable for research.

A type of study where a group of participants is followed over time to observe the relationship between an exposure or intervention and an outcome. Participants are not randomly assigned to groups.

Potential factors other than the intervention that can influence an outcome, leading to misleading results.

A type of RCT where randomization is performed at the level of groups (e.g., staff or teams) rather than individuals.

A systematic process of reducing bias and ensuring accuracy and precision in a study.

A study design that involves collecting data on participants at a single point in time.

A written plan that outlines the details of a research study, including goals, methods, and expected outcomes.

A stage in the research process where the feasibility and acceptability of a study are tested before conducting a full-scale trial.

The exclusion of participants from the analysis of a study because they did not fully comply with the assigned intervention.

The tendency for studies with positive findings to be more likely to be published than those with negative findings.

A research method where participants are randomly assigned to groups to compare the effects of different interventions.

A type of study where a group of participants is followed over time to observe the relationship between an exposure or intervention and an outcome. Participants are not randomly assigned to groups.

A research method that compares groups without random assignment, often using existing data or pre-existing groups.

A type of research that focuses on understanding people's experiences, opinions, and perspectives through interviews, focus groups, and observation.

A framework for developing and evaluating complex interventions that considers different perspectives, such as efficacy, effectiveness, theory, and systems.

The study of factors hindering the adoption of effective interventions, including organizational and attitudinal barriers. It aims to uncover strategies for bridging the research-to-practice gap.

A systematic process of reducing bias and ensuring accuracy and precision in a study.

The use of large datasets, often collected through routine healthcare practices, to analyze trends and patterns.

A method for testing new drugs which focuses on participant adherence and short-term therapeutic effects, often with limitations in disclosure, follow-up duration, and comparison groups.

The systematic process of minimizing bias and ensuring accuracy in a study.

A preliminary trial conducted before a full-scale RCT to test feasibility, acceptability, and refine procedures.

While RCTs are the gold standard for determining effectiveness, they are resource-intensive and time-consuming. Observational studies can be more efficient and generalizable, particularly when interventions are complex.

Researchers use qualitative methods like interviews and focus groups to gather insights from stakeholders, such as service users and staff, about their experiences with interventions. They are particularly useful for understanding how interventions are implemented in real-world settings.

Using recorded data from routine healthcare practices to examine patterns of care, outcomes, and potential risks. This method offers insights into how care is delivered and the impact of interventions in real-world settings.

Large-scale observational studies can detect even small differences in treatment outcomes. This allows us to identify which treatments are most effective for specific individuals and understand how factors like the therapeutic relationship and context can influence outcomes.