Podcast
Questions and Answers
What potential benefit can planting more trees provide in relation to global warming?
What potential benefit can planting more trees provide in relation to global warming?
- Enhance temperature extremes
- Increase soil erosion
- Eliminate the need for biodiversity
- Reduce carbon dioxide levels (correct)
How can reforested areas impact local communities?
How can reforested areas impact local communities?
- Force local people to abandon their livelihoods
- Increase competition for resources
- Lead to reduced job opportunities
- Assist local people in maintaining their livelihoods (correct)
What is a consequence of protecting degraded land through tree planting?
What is a consequence of protecting degraded land through tree planting?
- Reduction of rainfall
- Protection from soil erosion (correct)
- Increased risk of landslides
- Loss of biomass
Which statement best describes the effects of introducing exotic species?
Which statement best describes the effects of introducing exotic species?
What role do secondary forests play in an ecosystem?
What role do secondary forests play in an ecosystem?
What is one benefit of applying agroforestry in plantations?
What is one benefit of applying agroforestry in plantations?
Which of the following is a negative aspect of implementing agroforestry?
Which of the following is a negative aspect of implementing agroforestry?
What can individuals do to help conserve tropical rainforests?
What can individuals do to help conserve tropical rainforests?
Which statement is true regarding the biodiversity of agroforestry plantations compared to natural forests?
Which statement is true regarding the biodiversity of agroforestry plantations compared to natural forests?
What is one reason individuals are encouraged to consume fewer rainforest products?
What is one reason individuals are encouraged to consume fewer rainforest products?
What is the primary climate type where tropical rainforests in China are found?
What is the primary climate type where tropical rainforests in China are found?
Which region contains the largest area of tropical rainforests in China?
Which region contains the largest area of tropical rainforests in China?
What characterizes the distribution of tropical rainforests in China?
What characterizes the distribution of tropical rainforests in China?
Which of the following regions is NOT mentioned as having tropical rainforests in China?
Which of the following regions is NOT mentioned as having tropical rainforests in China?
What significant ecological role do tropical rainforests serve?
What significant ecological role do tropical rainforests serve?
Which of the following statements is true regarding tropical rainforests in southern China?
Which of the following statements is true regarding tropical rainforests in southern China?
When was Xishuangbanna recognized as an internationally recognized rainforest area?
When was Xishuangbanna recognized as an internationally recognized rainforest area?
In which province is Xishuangbanna located?
In which province is Xishuangbanna located?
What percentage of the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna is located in mountain areas?
What percentage of the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna is located in mountain areas?
What type of climate characterizes the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
What type of climate characterizes the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
Which tree species is noted for being the tallest in China's rainforests?
Which tree species is noted for being the tallest in China's rainforests?
How do tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna compensate for low rainfall during the dry season?
How do tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna compensate for low rainfall during the dry season?
What proportion of China's total animal species is found in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna?
What proportion of China's total animal species is found in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna?
What is the approximate total area of the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
What is the approximate total area of the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
Which of the following features distinguishes the rainforest vegetation structure in Xishuangbanna?
Which of the following features distinguishes the rainforest vegetation structure in Xishuangbanna?
Which animal species is mentioned as being critically endangered in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna?
Which animal species is mentioned as being critically endangered in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna?
What is a significant consequence of forest fragmentation in Xishuangbanna?
What is a significant consequence of forest fragmentation in Xishuangbanna?
What has happened to the biodiversity in cleared forests compared to natural forests?
What has happened to the biodiversity in cleared forests compared to natural forests?
How has soil degradation affected forest regeneration in Xishuangbanna?
How has soil degradation affected forest regeneration in Xishuangbanna?
Which animal has become critically endangered due to habitat destruction?
Which animal has become critically endangered due to habitat destruction?
What climatic change has been observed in Xishuangbanna's rainforests?
What climatic change has been observed in Xishuangbanna's rainforests?
How does the use of nitrogen fertilizers impact soil quality in plantations?
How does the use of nitrogen fertilizers impact soil quality in plantations?
What effect do rubber, tea, and eucalyptus plantations have on soil nutrient return?
What effect do rubber, tea, and eucalyptus plantations have on soil nutrient return?
Why are elephants and tigers struggling to survive in fragmented forests?
Why are elephants and tigers struggling to survive in fragmented forests?
What is the primary cause of the loss of rainforest cover in southern China?
What is the primary cause of the loss of rainforest cover in southern China?
Which crop is NOT mentioned as a reason for deforestation in southern China?
Which crop is NOT mentioned as a reason for deforestation in southern China?
Which area is specifically referenced as suffering from primary rainforest loss?
Which area is specifically referenced as suffering from primary rainforest loss?
What has contributed to the increasing deforestation rates in southern China?
What has contributed to the increasing deforestation rates in southern China?
What type of rainforest is primarily discussed in the context of the content?
What type of rainforest is primarily discussed in the context of the content?
What is a consequence of the loss of rainforest mentioned in the content?
What is a consequence of the loss of rainforest mentioned in the content?
What kind of cultivation is primarily responsible for the rainforest removal in Xishuangbanna?
What kind of cultivation is primarily responsible for the rainforest removal in Xishuangbanna?
During which timeframe has the total area of primary forests been declining?
During which timeframe has the total area of primary forests been declining?
What is the main climate feature of the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
What is the main climate feature of the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
The Wangtianshu tree is the shortest tree species found in China's rainforests.
The Wangtianshu tree is the shortest tree species found in China's rainforests.
What percentage of the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna is located in mountain areas?
What percentage of the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna is located in mountain areas?
The tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna exhibit a five-layer structure of vegetation, which includes ___.
The tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna exhibit a five-layer structure of vegetation, which includes ___.
Which tree species is noted for being the tallest in China's rainforests?
Which tree species is noted for being the tallest in China's rainforests?
The 'Forest Law' in China governs logging licenses and timber quotas.
The 'Forest Law' in China governs logging licenses and timber quotas.
Match the following features with their descriptions:
Match the following features with their descriptions:
What is the approximate total area of the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
What is the approximate total area of the tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna?
Which statement accurately describes the location of tropical rainforests in Hainan Dao?
Which statement accurately describes the location of tropical rainforests in Hainan Dao?
The primary cause of the loss of rainforest cover in southern China is due to ________ cultivation.
The primary cause of the loss of rainforest cover in southern China is due to ________ cultivation.
Xishuangbanna is recognized as having the most concentrated and best-preserved rainforest in China.
Xishuangbanna is recognized as having the most concentrated and best-preserved rainforest in China.
How many plant species are contained in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna?
How many plant species are contained in the tropical rainforests of Xishuangbanna?
Match the following nature reserves or park areas with their locations:
Match the following nature reserves or park areas with their locations:
What specific requirement was imposed on Chinese firms starting from 2020 regarding timber?
What specific requirement was imposed on Chinese firms starting from 2020 regarding timber?
Elephants and tigers are thriving in fragmented forests.
Elephants and tigers are thriving in fragmented forests.
Which pattern is considered better for rainforest protection in Xishuangbanna?
Which pattern is considered better for rainforest protection in Xishuangbanna?
What is the primary cause of the loss of rainforest cover in southern China?
What is the primary cause of the loss of rainforest cover in southern China?
The main crops contributing to deforestation in southern China include rubber, tea, and eucalyptus.
The main crops contributing to deforestation in southern China include rubber, tea, and eucalyptus.
Name one region in southern China that has experienced significant loss of primary rainforest cover.
Name one region in southern China that has experienced significant loss of primary rainforest cover.
Deforestation is primarily driven by the demand for __________ products.
Deforestation is primarily driven by the demand for __________ products.
Match the following areas with their primary agricultural products:
Match the following areas with their primary agricultural products:
During which two decades has the loss of primary rainforest cover been recorded?
During which two decades has the loss of primary rainforest cover been recorded?
Commercial logging is not a significant cause of rainforest loss in southern China.
Commercial logging is not a significant cause of rainforest loss in southern China.
How has the demand for cash crops affected primary forests in southern China?
How has the demand for cash crops affected primary forests in southern China?
What is one major consequence of forest fragmentation in Xishuangbanna?
What is one major consequence of forest fragmentation in Xishuangbanna?
The biodiversity of cleared forests and plantations in Xishuangbanna is estimated to be more than one-tenth of that found in natural forests.
The biodiversity of cleared forests and plantations in Xishuangbanna is estimated to be more than one-tenth of that found in natural forests.
Name one critically endangered species due to habitat loss in Xishuangbanna.
Name one critically endangered species due to habitat loss in Xishuangbanna.
Soil degradation from rubber, tea, and eucalyptus plantations results in fewer nutrients being returned to the soil, primarily due to less __________ produced.
Soil degradation from rubber, tea, and eucalyptus plantations results in fewer nutrients being returned to the soil, primarily due to less __________ produced.
Match the impacts with their corresponding descriptions:
Match the impacts with their corresponding descriptions:
What effect does the use of nitrogen fertilizers have on soil in plantations?
What effect does the use of nitrogen fertilizers have on soil in plantations?
What is one action individuals can take to contribute to the conservation of tropical rainforests?
What is one action individuals can take to contribute to the conservation of tropical rainforests?
The climate in Xishuangbanna has remained unchanged since the early 2000s.
The climate in Xishuangbanna has remained unchanged since the early 2000s.
Participating in ecotourism can help promote the conservation of rainforest environments.
Participating in ecotourism can help promote the conservation of rainforest environments.
How has soil acidity in plantations compared to natural forests?
How has soil acidity in plantations compared to natural forests?
Name one significant factor that contributes to the fragmentation of nature reserves in Xishuangbanna.
Name one significant factor that contributes to the fragmentation of nature reserves in Xishuangbanna.
The tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna are characterized by _______ biodiversity due to human activities.
The tropical rainforests in Xishuangbanna are characterized by _______ biodiversity due to human activities.
Match the conservation actions with their descriptions:
Match the conservation actions with their descriptions:
What is a benefit of enforcing forestry laws?
What is a benefit of enforcing forestry laws?
Banning logging has no impact on economic development.
Banning logging has no impact on economic development.
What is one problem associated with ecotourism?
What is one problem associated with ecotourism?
The high costs of _____ may hinder the enforcement of forestry laws due to the vastness of the rainforests.
The high costs of _____ may hinder the enforcement of forestry laws due to the vastness of the rainforests.
Match the following actions with their respective benefits:
Match the following actions with their respective benefits:
Which of the following is a limitation of ecotourism?
Which of the following is a limitation of ecotourism?
Encouraging logging companies to use sustainable methods is considered a benefit of enforced forestry laws.
Encouraging logging companies to use sustainable methods is considered a benefit of enforced forestry laws.
What is a significant effect of restoring degraded land?
What is a significant effect of restoring degraded land?
____ charges for entrance fees can increase government revenues through ecotourism.
____ charges for entrance fees can increase government revenues through ecotourism.
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of enforcing forestry laws?
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of enforcing forestry laws?
Flashcards
Tropical Rainforests in China
Tropical Rainforests in China
Tropical rainforests in China are primarily located in the frost-free southern regions with hot and humid climates, marking the northern edge of Southeast Asian rainforests.
Xishuangbanna
Xishuangbanna
A major rainforest region in southern Yunnan, China, holding the largest area of tropical rainforests in the country and is internationally recognized.
Hainan Dao
Hainan Dao
An island in China, also featuring a significant tropical rainforest ecosystem.
Tropical Rainforest Region Distribution
Tropical Rainforest Region Distribution
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Northern Limit of Tropical Rainforest
Northern Limit of Tropical Rainforest
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Xishuangbanna Location
Xishuangbanna Location
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Xishuangbanna Rainforest Area
Xishuangbanna Rainforest Area
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Tropical Monsoon Climate
Tropical Monsoon Climate
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Wangtianshu (Sky Tree)
Wangtianshu (Sky Tree)
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Five-layer Vegetation Structure
Five-layer Vegetation Structure
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Hainan Dao Rainforest
Hainan Dao Rainforest
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High Biodiversity
High Biodiversity
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Moisture Retention Mechanisms
Moisture Retention Mechanisms
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Rainforest Fragmentation
Rainforest Fragmentation
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Reduced Biodiversity
Reduced Biodiversity
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Soil Degradation
Soil Degradation
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Climate Change in Rainforests
(Xishuangbanna)
Climate Change in Rainforests (Xishuangbanna)
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Deforestation Impacts
Deforestation Impacts
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Reduced Biomass
Reduced Biomass
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Nutrient Leaching
Nutrient Leaching
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Deforestation in Southern China
Deforestation in Southern China
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Cash Crops in Xishuangbanna
Cash Crops in Xishuangbanna
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Hainan Dao Rainforest Loss
Hainan Dao Rainforest Loss
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Commercial Logging's Impact
Commercial Logging's Impact
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Higher Incomes' Effect
Higher Incomes' Effect
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Primary Forest Area Loss
Primary Forest Area Loss
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Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus
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Xishuangbanna
Xishuangbanna
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Hainan Dao
Hainan Dao
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Exotic Species Introduction
Exotic Species Introduction
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Ecosystem Restoration
Ecosystem Restoration
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Biodiversity Increase
Biodiversity Increase
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Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Carbon Dioxide Reduction
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Local Livelihoods
Local Livelihoods
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Economic Benefits
Economic Benefits
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Soil Erosion Reduction
Soil Erosion Reduction
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Agroforestry in Plantations
Agroforestry in Plantations
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Economic Loss Reduction
Economic Loss Reduction
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Community Living Space
Community Living Space
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Soil Fertility Improvement
Soil Fertility Improvement
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Reduce Chemical Reliance
Reduce Chemical Reliance
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Pest and Disease Management
Pest and Disease Management
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Diversified Income Sources
Diversified Income Sources
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Conservation Actions (Individual)
Conservation Actions (Individual)
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Xishuangbanna Rainforest Area
Xishuangbanna Rainforest Area
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Tropical Monsoon Climate
Tropical Monsoon Climate
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Wangtianshu (Sky Tree)
Wangtianshu (Sky Tree)
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Five-layer Vegetation Structure
Five-layer Vegetation Structure
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High Biodiversity (Xishuangbanna)
High Biodiversity (Xishuangbanna)
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Hainan Dao Rainforest
Hainan Dao Rainforest
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Deforestation in Southern China
Deforestation in Southern China
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Cash Crops in Xishuangbanna
Cash Crops in Xishuangbanna
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Hainan Dao Rainforest Loss
Hainan Dao Rainforest Loss
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Commercial Logging
Commercial Logging
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Higher Incomes' Effect
Higher Incomes' Effect
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Primary Forest Area Loss
Primary Forest Area Loss
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Eucalyptus
Eucalyptus
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Xishuangbanna
Xishuangbanna
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Hainan Dao
Hainan Dao
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Deforestation (mid-2000s-mid-2010s)
Deforestation (mid-2000s-mid-2010s)
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Rainforest Fragmentation
Rainforest Fragmentation
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Xishuangbanna Reserves
Xishuangbanna Reserves
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Reduced Biodiversity
Reduced Biodiversity
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Soil Degradation
Soil Degradation
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Hainan Dao National Park
Hainan Dao National Park
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Rainforest Conservation Actions
Rainforest Conservation Actions
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Climate Change in Rainforests
Climate Change in Rainforests
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Sustainable Products
Sustainable Products
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Reduced Biomass
Reduced Biomass
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Nutrient Leaching
Nutrient Leaching
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Ecotourism
Ecotourism
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Tree Planting Programs
Tree Planting Programs
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Exotic Species Introduction
Exotic Species Introduction
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Environmental Groups
Environmental Groups
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Xishuangbanna Nature Reserves
Xishuangbanna Nature Reserves
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Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park
Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park
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Spatial Distribution of Reserves
Spatial Distribution of Reserves
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Forest Law (1984)
Forest Law (1984)
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Timber Source Recording (2020)
Timber Source Recording (2020)
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Compare reserve locations Xishuangbanna/Hainan
Compare reserve locations Xishuangbanna/Hainan
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Rainforest Protection
Rainforest Protection
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Which pattern of conservation efforts is better?
Which pattern of conservation efforts is better?
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Plantation agriculture
Plantation agriculture
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Ecotourism
Ecotourism
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Forestry laws
Forestry laws
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Illegal logging
Illegal logging
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Sustainable logging
Sustainable logging
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Deforestation
Deforestation
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Soil erosion
Soil erosion
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Reforestation
Reforestation
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Conservation
Conservation
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Economic benefits
Economic benefits
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Local livelihoods
Local livelihoods
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Preserving culture
Preserving culture
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Study Notes
Rainforest Conservation in China
- Tropical rainforests exist in China, besides the Amazon and Congo basins, and Southeast Asia.
- Tropical rainforests are primarily found in frost-free southern regions of China, where the climate is hot and humid.
- These areas are considered the northern limit of the tropical rainforest region of Southeast Asia.
- Two major rainforest regions are Xishuangbanna in southern Yunnan and on Hainan Dao.
- Scattered rainforest patches are found in south-western Guangxi and south-eastern Xizang river valleys.
- Xishuangbanna is the largest area of tropical rainforest in China, recognized internationally.
Xishuangbanna Rainforest
- Covers 19,223 km².
- Mostly mountainous (90%), with lowlands accounting for 10% of area.
- Average elevation of 600 meters above sea level.
- Experiences a tropical monsoon climate with hot, wet summers and mild, short winters.
- High rainfall, mostly in the summer.
- Dense fog during the winter helps compensate for lower rainfall.
- Contains over 5,000 plant species and 2,000 animal species (approximately 16% and 25% of China's total respectively).
- Includes the tallest tree species in China, the Wangtianshu (sky tree), reaching 50-70 meters high.
- Habitat to the last few hundred Asian elephants in China.
- Climate details are provided in a graph. (Temperature and Rainfall)
Hainan Dao Rainforest
- Covers 6,593 km².
- Land elevation varies from 40 meters to over 1,800 meters.
- Rainforests above 800 meters are considered tropical montane rainforests.
- Features a maritime tropical monsoon climate with hot, wet summers and mild, short winters.
- High rainfall mainly in the summer.
- Contains over 4,600 plant species (about 15% of China's total), with 600 endemic to Hainan Dao.
- Contains over 570 animal species (about 7% of China's total).
- Home to the Hainan gibbon (only ~37 left in 2023).
- Climate details with graph are provided (Temperature and Rainfall)
Problems Faced by Rainforests
- Total area of primary forests in southern China has been declining over the past few decades.
- Xishuangbanna lost 12,502 hectares of primary forest (4% decrease) from 2002 to 2022.
- Hainan Dao lost 9,428 hectares of primary forest (3.6% decrease) from 2002 to 2022.
- Deforestation results from higher demand for cash crops, wood, and paper products in China.
- Commercial farming activities (rubber, tea, eucalyptus) are significant contributors to deforestation.
- Commercial logging for timber also contributes to deforestation.
Conservation Measures
- Setting up protected areas (nature reserves and national parks) are implemented.
- Restricted development in these areas.
- Ecotourism is promoted.
- Enforcing forestry laws.
- Banning of commercial logging in high-value natural forests.
- Reforestation efforts.
- Conversion of plantations to multi-species and multi-layered plantations (agroforestry).
- Benefits and limitations of conservation measures are listed in individual tables.
Individual Actions
- Options for individual action are provided in a list These include consuming fewer rainforest products, buying sustainably sourced goods, supporting organizations involved in rainforest conservation, donating, participating in ecotourism, and joining tree-planting programs.
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