Railway Signal Units

What is the main advantage of LED signals compared to filament lamp signals?

Higher luminous intensity
Multi-color capability
Mechanical switching
Longer life (correct)

What is the purpose of a main signal?

To display advertisements
To indicate the location of the next station
To provide information about the weather
To indicate if the train has to stop or can continue (correct)

What is the color of the signal aspect that means 'Caution' in the UIC Code 732?

Green
White
Red
Yellow (correct)

What is the characteristic of a searchlight signal?

It uses a single lamp with mechanical apertures (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of operating points and signals in mechanical interlocking?

Through muscle-power of the local operator (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using multicolor LED units?

They eliminate the need for multiple units (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Automatic Train Control (ATC)?

To increase safety, efficiency, and reduce operating costs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a lens and filter system in a signal unit?

To direct the light from multiple lamps to the same exit (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of interlocking system uses a free-wired logic and relay circuitry?

Relay Interlocking System (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the historical meaning of a green signal flag or night signal?

Clear (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Automatic Train Protection (ATP)?

To prevent collision of trains (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of white signals in some railways?

To permit shunting movements (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the component of Automatic Train Control responsible for controlling the speed of trains?

Automatic Train Operation (ATO) (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main weakness in railway safety identified by the text?

The human being (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the route control table in tabular interlocking?

To detail the interlocking conditions relevant for each route (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of Automatic Train Control (ATC) over human drivers?

It is more reliable and reduces errors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of PTC technologies?

To prevent accidents caused by human error (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of information does the PTC system provide to train crew members?

Up-to-date visual and audible information (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if an engineer does not respond to the PTC warning system?

Onboard computers activate the brakes and safely stop the train (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for a level crossing?

Grade crossing (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why are level crossings considered hazardous?

Because of frequent accidents (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of level crossing equipment?

To improve railway safety (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of passive level crossings?

They always appear the same to the road user (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the distinctive sign used to indicate the presence of a level crossing to road users?

St. Andrew's Cross (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a scissors crossing also known as?

Double crossover (B) Signup and view all the answers

How many blades does a double slip crossing have?

Eight (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which track arrangement is used to split one track into three or more parallel tracks?

Ladder (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of crossing is used to directly cross two tracks?

Diamond crossing (A) Signup and view all the answers

What must diamond crossings have to prevent train collisions?

Route interlocking (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part is NOT a component of double points?

Eight guard rails (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which element requires a construction consisting of two sharp and two blunt frogs?

Diamond crossing (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a slip crossing combine the functions of?

Diamond crossing and points (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Radio Block Centre (RBC) store in ETCS Levels 2 and 3?

Static line data (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is train control data transmitted in ETCS Level 2?

By digital radio (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of balises in ETCS Level 2?

Train positioning (B) Signup and view all the answers

What additional system is adopted in ETCS Level 3 to ensure train completeness?

Train-borne checking of train integrity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What technology is used by ETCS to communicate with trains?

Euroradio based on GSM-R (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the Movement Authority (MA) permit?

A train to pass a section of track with a defined length (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which system is still used for positive train separation in ETCS Level 2?

Fixed block sections with traditional track clear detection (B) Signup and view all the answers

How often do trains transmit location data in ETCS Level 2?

At specified intervals (A) Signup and view all the answers