24 Questions
What is the purpose of using 3D CT scanning in conformal RT?
To circle the tumor and plan for treatment
What is the main goal of intensity modulated RT (IMRT)?
To deliver less dose to healthy cells
Which process determines the effectiveness of the anti-tumor response and the release of CD8 cytotoxic T-cells?
Tumor-derived DNA inducing DNA pathway sensing
Why does RT PLUS ANTI-CTL4 not respond well?
It counteracts with stop signals by inhibiting TGFbeta and CSF-1
What is required for stereotactic RT to deliver the dose accurately?
Delivery of a high precise immobilization
What effect does RT PLUS IO have according to mouse models?
It improves tumor control and induces abscopal effect
What is the main purpose of radiotherapy?
To deliver high energy X-rays to treat malignant tumors
How is radiation dose measured in radiotherapy?
In Grays (Gy)
What is the recommended radiation dose to kill tumor cells?
40-60 Gy
Which type of imaging is a step in the radiotherapy treatment process?
Computed Tomography (CT) imaging
What technology does a linear accelerator use in radiotherapy?
Microwave technology
How are the X-rays shaped in radiotherapy to match the tumor's shape?
By using a collimator
What is the main function of a linear accelerator in radiotherapy?
To emit high energy X-rays
Which technique is used to deliver radiation at the appropriate dosage and minimize side effects in radiotherapy?
Intensity modulated radiotherapy
What is the recommended radiation dose needed to kill tumor cells in radiotherapy?
40-60 Gy
What is the purpose of imaging in the steps of radiotherapy treatment?
To plan the treatment
What technology is used to shape X-rays to match the tumor's shape in radiotherapy?
Multileaf collimator
How is radiation dose measured in radiotherapy?
In Grays (Gy)
What is the purpose of using intensity modulated RT (IMRT)?
To minimize radiation dose to healthy cells and avoid parotids to reduce dry mouth
How does radiotherapy induce antigen presenting to T cells?
By inducing calreticulin to the surface of cancer cells and releasing HMGB-1 and ATP
What determines the effectiveness of the anti-tumor response and the release of CD8 cytotoxic T-cells?
The combination of RT PLUS ANTI-CTL4
What is required for stereotactic RT to deliver the dose accurately?
High precise immobilization and many narrow beams converging at one target
What effect does RT PLUS IO have according to mouse models?
It improves tumor control and induces abscopal effect in mouse models
What is the main purpose of using 3D CT scanning in conformal RT?
To minimize tumor movement during treatment
Study Notes
Radiotherapy
- The main purpose of radiotherapy is to kill tumor cells.
3D CT Scanning in Conformal RT
- The purpose of using 3D CT scanning in conformal RT is to accurately locate and define tumor targets.
- 3D CT scanning helps in identifying the tumor's shape and size.
Intensity Modulated RT (IMRT)
- The main goal of IMRT is to deliver a high dose of radiation to the tumor while minimizing the dose to surrounding normal tissues.
- IMRT is used to deliver radiation at the appropriate dosage and minimize side effects.
Radiation Dose Measurement
- Radiation dose is measured in units of Gray (Gy).
- The recommended radiation dose to kill tumor cells is typically in the range of 60-80 Gy.
Radiotherapy Treatment Process
- Imaging is a crucial step in the radiotherapy treatment process, used to localize the tumor.
- Linear accelerators use electromagnetic waves to produce high-energy X-rays.
- X-rays are shaped to match the tumor's shape using a multileaf collimator.
- The main function of a linear accelerator is to produce high-energy X-rays for radiotherapy.
Stereotactic RT
- Accurate tumor localization and immobilization are required for stereotactic RT to deliver the dose accurately.
RT PLUS ANTI-CTL4
- RT PLUS ANTI-CTL4 does not respond well due to the lack of CD8 cytotoxic T-cells.
Immune Response
- The effectiveness of the anti-tumor response and the release of CD8 cytotoxic T-cells are determined by the process of antigen presenting to T cells.
- Radiotherapy induces antigen presenting to T cells, releasing CD8 cytotoxic T-cells.
RT PLUS IO
- According to mouse models, RT PLUS IO has a synergistic effect, enhancing the anti-tumor response.
Test your knowledge of the principles and dosage measurements of radiotherapy used in cancer treatment. Explore the concepts of delivering appropriate dosage, minimizing side effects, and the goal of treatment in palliative conditions.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
