Radiography: Projection Terminology
30 Questions
13 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the term for the side of a body part closest to the midline?

  • Posterior aspect
  • Medial aspect (correct)
  • Lateral aspect
  • Anterior aspect

In which position is the patient lying down?

  • Supine
  • Erect
  • Semi-recumbent
  • Decubitus (correct)

What is the term for the view of the patient from the front?

  • Anterior aspect (correct)
  • Dorsal aspect
  • Posterior aspect
  • Lateral aspect

In which position is the patient sitting or standing?

<p>Erect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for lying face-down?

<p>Prone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for lying on the side?

<p>Lateral decubitus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between radiographic image formation and image formation in the eye or camera?

<p>The projection of the object versus a view of the object (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the density of a radiographic image?

<p>The amount of radiation incident upon the image detector (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the central ray in lateral oblique projections?

<p>At an angle to the coronal plane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to X-rays as they pass through the body?

<p>Some are absorbed and others pass through to the image detector (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of angling the central ray in oblique projections?

<p>To obtain a specific view of the object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between right and left anterior or posterior oblique projections?

<p>The direction of the central ray (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the position of the posterior aspect of the trunk in a semi-recumbent position?

<p>Against the cassette (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the central ray in an antero-posterior (AP) projection?

<p>From anterior to posterior aspect of the body (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the designation of a lateral projection as right or left?

<p>The side of the body where the central ray enters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the central ray in an anterior oblique projection?

<p>From posterior to anterior aspect of the body at an angle to the median sagittal plane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is described by the side of the torso closest to the cassette in an anterior oblique projection?

<p>The designation of the projection as right or left (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the central ray in a posterior oblique projection?

<p>From anterior to posterior aspect of the body at an angle to the median sagittal plane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of an imaging system in detecting pathology?

<p>To detect the differences in density between the pathology and surrounding tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is contrast in the context of imaging?

<p>The difference in density between structures of interest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a high-contrast image?

<p>A larger difference in density between structures of interest (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a radiograph of the torso be hung?

<p>As if the patient is standing in an upright position (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should a radiograph of the elbow be hung?

<p>As if the patient is hanging from the shoulder (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to hang a radiograph correctly?

<p>To facilitate proper evaluation of the radiograph (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When hanging a decubitus radiograph, which side of the patient should be facing upwards?

<p>The side that was positioned upwards when the radiograph was taken (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should radiographs taken in AP or PA positions be placed on the view box?

<p>As if the viewer and the patient are facing each other (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When hanging a lateral radiograph of the torso, which side of the patient should be placed against the view box?

<p>The side that was in contact with the film when the radiograph was taken (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should extremity radiographs be hung?

<p>As if the viewer's eyes are the x-ray beam going through the radiographic image (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to hang radiographs correctly?

<p>To ensure the radiograph is viewed with the correct orientation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines which side of the radiograph is placed against the view box?

<p>The position of the patient when the radiograph was taken (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anterior Aspect

The front of the patient.

Posterior (Dorsal) Aspect

The back of the patient.

Lateral Aspect

The side of the patient.

Medial Aspect

The side of a body part closest to the midline.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Erect Position

Patient is sitting or standing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Decubitus Position

Patient is lying down (supine, prone, or lateral).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Semi-recumbent Position

Patient is reclining (between supine and erect).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Antero-posterior (AP)

Central ray enters the anterior aspect, exits posterior.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Postero-anterior (PA)

Central ray enters the posterior aspect, exits anterior.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lateral Projection

Central ray passes from one side to the other.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Posterior Oblique

Central ray enters the anterior aspect, exits posterior at an angle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Anterior Oblique

Central ray enters the posterior aspect, exits anterior at an angle

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lateral Oblique

Central ray enters one side, exits the other at an angle.

Signup and view all the flashcards

X-ray Production

X-rays are produced from a small area within the X-ray tube and diverge outwards from this area.

Signup and view all the flashcards

X-ray Absorption

Some X-rays are absorbed, others pass through the body.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Image Projection

X-ray image formation is a projection of the object onto a detector.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Density (Radiographic)

The degree of 'blackening' within the image.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Contrast (Radiographic)

Difference in density between structures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Low-Contrast Images

Little density difference

Signup and view all the flashcards

High-Contrast Images

Shows larger density difference

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hanging Radiographs

Radiographs placed on view box prior to evaluation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Torso/Hip Hanging

Anatomical position to mimic the view box.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vertebral/Cranial Hanging

Standing upright to mimic the view box.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Extremity Hanging

Mimic patient's position at time of imaging

Signup and view all the flashcards

Lateral Aspect

The side of a body part away from the midline

Signup and view all the flashcards

Median Sagittal Plane

The median sagittal plane divides the body directly down the middle

Signup and view all the flashcards

Coronal Plane

Plane that passes from one side of the body to the other

Signup and view all the flashcards

Transverse Plane

Divides the body into top and bottom parts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

X-Ray Tube Focal Spot

X-rays diverge outwards from this area

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why Use Standardized Terminology?

Common Language

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Projection Terminology

  • The human body is a complicated structure, and errors in radiographic positioning or diagnosis can easily occur unless practitioners have a common set of rules that are used to describe the body and its movements.
  • Patient aspect terminology:
    • Anterior aspect: the front of the patient
    • Posterior (dorsal) aspect: the back of the patient
    • Lateral aspect: the side of the patient
    • Medial aspect: the side of a body part closest to the midline

Positioning Terminology

  • Erect: the patient is sitting or standing, with the posterior aspect against the cassette, or the anterior aspect against the cassette, or the right or left side against the cassette.
  • Decubitus: the patient is lying down, with the possibility of lying in supine, prone, or lateral decubitus positions.
  • Semi-recumbent: the patient is reclining, part way between supine and sitting erect, with the posterior aspect of the trunk against the cassette.

Projection Types

  • Antero-posterior (AP): the central ray is incident on the anterior aspect, passes along or parallel to the median sagittal plane, and emerges from the posterior aspect of the body.
  • Postero-anterior (PA): the central ray is incident on the posterior aspect, passes along or parallel to the median sagittal plane, and emerges from the anterior aspect of the body.
  • Lateral projection: the central ray passes from one side of the body to the other along a coronal and transverse plane.
  • Anterior oblique: the central ray enters the posterior aspect, passes along a transverse plane at some angle to the median sagittal plane, and emerges from the anterior aspect.
  • Posterior oblique: the central ray enters the anterior aspect, passes along a transverse plane at some angle to the median sagittal plane, and emerges from the posterior aspect.
  • Lateral oblique: the central ray enters one lateral aspect, passes along a transverse plane at an angle to the coronal plane, and emerges from the opposite lateral aspect.

Image Formation

  • X-rays are produced from a small area within the X-ray tube and diverge outwards from this area.
  • As X-rays pass through the body, some are absorbed by organs and structures, while others pass through to the image-forming equipment.
  • Image formation is a projection of the object, differing from the way images are formed on the retina or photographic film.

Density and Contrast

  • Density refers to the degree of 'blackening' within the image, with greater radiation incident upon the image detector resulting in greater density.
  • Contrast is the difference in density between structures of interest within the image, with low-contrast images showing little difference and high-contrast images showing a larger difference.

Hanging Radiographs

  • Radiographs should be correctly hung on a view box prior to evaluation, with different procedures for different body parts and projections.
  • Torso, vertebral, cranial, and hip radiographs should be hung as if the patient is standing in an upright position.
  • Radiographs of other body parts, such as fingers, wrist, and forearm, should be hung accordingly, with the patient's position during the radiograph taken into account.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Projection Terminology PDF

Description

Learn about radiographic positioning, terminology, and patient aspects in radiography. Understand the importance of standardization in radiographic diagnosis.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser