29 Questions
What is the barium transit time to the stomach?
3/4 waves per minute, 2-3 hours to empty
What is the purpose of glucagon in GI studies?
Relaxes smooth muscles of the GI tract
What body habitus describes individuals with thicker body parts?
Hypersthenic body habitus
In which position should a patient be placed if varices are suspected?
Recumbent (prone obl)
Which condition is characterized by a failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax?
Achalasia
What is the most common cause of esophagitis?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
What is the best method to diagnose esophageal cancer?
Endoscopy
What treatment method involves laser-activated chemicals to destroy esophageal tumors?
Photodynamic therapy
What is a large out pouching of the esophagus just above the upper esophageal sphincter called?
Zenker's diverticulum
What condition is characterized by swollen, varicose veins at the lower end of the esophagus?
Esophageal varices
Which method involves using sodium carbonate or sodium citrate to ensure stable and uniform suspension in examining the small intestine?
Enteroclysis (double contrast small bowel study)
What medication is used to relax smooth muscles of the GI tract and has side effects including blurred vision and dry mouth?
Buscopan
What percentage of the population has a hyposthenic body habitus?
35%
In which position should a patient be placed if varices are suspected?
RAO recumbent
What does glucagon do in GI studies?
Relaxes smooth muscles of the GI tract
What is the barium transit time to the stomach?
$2-3$ hours
What percentage of the population has an asthenic body habitus?
10%
Which medication enhances gastric peristalsis to aid in the passage of contrast material during GI studies?
$\text{Maxolon}$
What is the weight measure for barium in 100 grams of suspension?
W/W concentration
What is the weight measure for barium in 100 ml of suspension?
W/V suspension
What percentage range is used for UGI Single contrast?
50-60% W/V
What percentage range is used for UGI Double contrast?
80-83% W/W
What does maxolon do if varices are suspected?
Enhances gastric peristalsis to aid in the passage of contrast material during GI studies.
Which condition is characterized by irritation/inflammation of the esophagus?
Esophagitis/GERD
What is the best method to diagnose Esophageal Cancer?
Endoscopy
What is the purpose of Buscopan in GI studies?
To relax smooth muscles of the GI tract
What is Zenker's Diverticulum?
Large out pouching of the esophagus just above U.E.S.
What condition is characterized by failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax?
Achalasia
What medication has side effects including blurred vision and dry mouth?
Buscopan
Study Notes
GI Studies
- The barium transit time to the stomach is 5-10 minutes.
- Glucagon is used to relax smooth muscles of the GI tract in GI studies.
Body Habitus
- Individuals with thicker body parts are described as endomorphic.
- Asthenic body habitus is characterized by a slender build and is found in 10% of the population.
- Hyposthenic body habitus is characterized by a thin, delicate build and is found in 5% of the population.
Esophageal Conditions
- Achalasia is characterized by a failure of the lower esophagus sphincter muscle to relax.
- The most common cause of esophagitis is reflux esophagitis.
- Esophageal cancer is best diagnosed using endoscopy and biopsy.
- Photodynamic therapy involves laser-activated chemicals to destroy esophageal tumors.
- Zenker's Diverticulum is a large outpouching of the esophagus just above the upper esophageal sphincter.
Varices and Positioning
- If varices are suspected, the patient should be placed in the Trendelenburg position (head down).
Medications
- Metoclopramide (Maxolon) enhances gastric peristalsis to aid in the passage of contrast material during GI studies.
- Buscopan is used to relax smooth muscles of the GI tract in GI studies.
- Medications like atropine and anticholinergics have side effects including blurred vision and dry mouth.
Barium Suspension
- The weight measure for barium in 100 grams of suspension is 30-40%.
- The weight measure for barium in 100 ml of suspension is 30-40%.
- UGI Single contrast typically uses a 50-70% barium suspension.
- UGI Double contrast typically uses a 100-150% barium suspension.
Test your knowledge of radiography terminology and measurements related to body habitus and contrast in radiography procedures. This quiz covers the terms and measurements used for different body habitus types and contrast concentrations.
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