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Radioactivity: MCQ1

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of radioactivity?

The spontaneous breaking up of certain unstable nuclei (correct)

The absorption of radiation by stable nuclei

The artificial creation of radioactive isotopes

The controlled emission of radiation

What is the term for elements with the same atomic number but different mass numbers?

Isomers

Allotropes

Radioisotopes

Isotopes (correct)

What is the purpose of a Geiger-Muller tube?

To measure the half-life of an isotope

To detect radiation (correct)

To amplify radiation

To create radioactive isotopes

What is the name of the radioactive isotope used in smoke alarms?

Americium-241 Signup and view all the answers

What is the application of Carbon-14 in archaeology?

Determining the age of artifacts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scientists is credited with pioneering the work on radioactivity?

Henri Becquerel Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of alpha decay on an isotope?

A decrease in mass number by 4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Cobalt-60 in medicine?

Cancer treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process by which a radioactive isotope decays?

Radioactive decay Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of beta emission on an isotope?

An increase in atomic number by 1 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Radioactivity

Radioactivity is the spontaneous breaking up of certain unstable nuclei, accompanied by the emission of radiation.

Isotopes

Isotopes are elements with the same atomic number but different mass number.

Half-Life

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the time taken for half the atoms in a sample of the isotope to decay.

History of Radioactivity

Henri Becquerel pioneered radioactivity research.
Marie and Pierre Curie continued this work by discovering polonium and radium.

Radiation Detection

A Geiger-Muller tube is used to detect radiation.

Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions result in elements changing into other elements.
Example: Carbon 14 decaying to form Nitrogen.

Types of Decay

Beta emission:
- Atomic number increases by 1.
- Mass number remains the same.
Alpha decay:
- Atomic number decreases by 2.
- Mass number decreases by 4.

Uses of Radioisotopes

Archaeology: Carbon-14.
Medicine: Cobalt-60 for cancer treatment.
Smoke Alarms: Americium-241.

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Description

Test your knowledge of radioactivity, isotopes, and radioactive decay. Learn about the pioneers of radioactivity research, including Henri Becquerel and Marie & Pierre Curie, and understand the Geiger-Muller tube's role in detecting radiation. Get ready to radiate confidence in your understanding of this fundamental concept in physics!