Radioactivity and Particles Quiz

Isotope

True (A)

<p>Fusion (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>alpha</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Beta particle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Background radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Becquerel (Bq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating new elements in particle accelerators (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nuclear fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To absorb neutrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nuclear fusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An atom consists of a nucleus with protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.

A positively charged particle in the nucleus with a relative mass of 1.

A neutral particle in the nucleus with a relative mass of 1.

A negatively charged particle with a relative mass of 0.0005 that orbits the nucleus.

Atoms of the same element with the same protons but different neutrons.

The spontaneous transformation of an unstable nucleus into a more stable one.

A decay process where a heavy nucleus emits an alpha particle, changing element identity.

A decay process where a neutron converts to a proton and emits a beta particle.

A decay process where excess energy is emitted as gamma radiation from a nucleus.

Emission of neutrons from neutron-rich nuclides or during fission.

A device that detects radiation by transmitting electrical pulses for each radiation absorption.

Weak radiation detected from external sources present in the environment.

The number of decays occurring per unit time in a radioactive source, measured in becquerels.

The time taken for half of the nuclei in a sample to decay.

Devices utilizing long half-life alpha emitters that trigger alarms when smoke interferes.

The process of splitting a nucleus to release energy, typically involving uranium-235.

Boron rods used in reactors to absorb neutrons and control fission reactions.

The process of fusing two nuclei to form a larger nucleus with energy release.

Protective materials used to absorb or reduce radiation exposure.

Introduction of a radioactive source onto an object, making it radioactive.

Exposure of an object to an external radioactive source without making it radioactive.

Breakage or mutation of DNA in cells due to exposure to radiation.

Precautions like limiting time, distance, or shielding to reduce radiation harm.

Gamma emitters are used for sterilization, diagnosis, and treatment in medicine.

Radioactive particles returning to the earth after nuclear explosions.

Radiation exposure can harm ecosystems by damaging living cells and DNA.

A thick steel vessel where nuclear reactions take place, absorbing radiation.

High-energy charged particles from space that contribute to background radiation.

X-rays and MRI scanners that contribute to background radiation exposure.