Atomic Structure and Radioactivity
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Questions and Answers

What is the least penetrating type of nuclear radiation?

  • Positron
  • Beta
  • Alpha (correct)
  • Gamma
  • What type of radiation is never fully absorbed?

  • Beta
  • Gamma (correct)
  • Alpha
  • Positron
  • What is emitted during Beta Decay?

  • High-energy photons
  • High-speed electrons (correct)
  • Positrons
  • Helium ions
  • What happens to the atomic number and mass number during alpha decay?

    <p>Atomic number decreases by 2, mass number decreases by 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atomic number when a positron is emitted by an unstable nucleus?

    <p>It decreases by 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the transformation of radiation due to particles emitted from the nucleus of radioactive atoms?

    <p>Radioactive decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which an unstable atom emits energy in the form of particles or waves?

    <p>Radioactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is credited with the discovery of radioactivity in 1896?

    <p>Henri Becquerel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of transforming one element into another?

    <p>Transmutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize?

    <p>Marie Curie</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the application of radiation in the food industry?

    <p>Food irradiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy emitted by a source?

    <p>Radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the spontaneous change of an unstable nuclide into another?

    <p>Radioactive decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation has the lowest penetration ability?

    <p>Alpha radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of radiation is used for sterilization of medical equipment and pasteurization of food?

    <p>Gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the ability of radiation to pass through matter?

    <p>Penetration power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of alpha particles?

    <p>Two protons and two neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Strontium-90 in medicine?

    <p>Treatment of bone cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the combination of protons and neutrons in an atom?

    <p>Nucleons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the identity of an element?

    <p>The number of protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of beta decay in an atom?

    <p>The emission of an electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?

    <p>Isotopes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of alpha decay in an atom?

    <p>The mass number decreases by four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the number of protons in an atom?

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

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