Atomic Structure and Radioactivity
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Questions and Answers

What is the least penetrating type of nuclear radiation?

  • Positron
  • Beta
  • Alpha (correct)
  • Gamma

What type of radiation is never fully absorbed?

  • Beta
  • Gamma (correct)
  • Alpha
  • Positron

What is emitted during Beta Decay?

  • High-energy photons
  • High-speed electrons (correct)
  • Positrons
  • Helium ions

What happens to the atomic number and mass number during alpha decay?

<p>Atomic number decreases by 2, mass number decreases by 4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the atomic number when a positron is emitted by an unstable nucleus?

<p>It decreases by 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the transformation of radiation due to particles emitted from the nucleus of radioactive atoms?

<p>Radioactive decay (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which an unstable atom emits energy in the form of particles or waves?

<p>Radioactivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with the discovery of radioactivity in 1896?

<p>Henri Becquerel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of transforming one element into another?

<p>Transmutation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize?

<p>Marie Curie (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the application of radiation in the food industry?

<p>Food irradiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the energy emitted by a source?

<p>Radiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the spontaneous change of an unstable nuclide into another?

<p>Radioactive decay (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation has the lowest penetration ability?

<p>Alpha radiation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of radiation is used for sterilization of medical equipment and pasteurization of food?

<p>Gamma rays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the ability of radiation to pass through matter?

<p>Penetration power (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of alpha particles?

<p>Two protons and two neutrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Strontium-90 in medicine?

<p>Treatment of bone cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the combination of protons and neutrons in an atom?

<p>Nucleons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the identity of an element?

<p>The number of protons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of beta decay in an atom?

<p>The emission of an electron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons?

<p>Isotopes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of alpha decay in an atom?

<p>The mass number decreases by four (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the number of protons in an atom?

<p>Atomic number (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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