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Questions and Answers

What is the range of physical half-lives of radionuclides?

  • From minutes to hours
  • From fractions of a second to millennia (correct)
  • From years to decades
  • From hours to days

What is the primary reason for the concentration of a radiopharmaceutical in a specific tissue or organ?

  • The biological half-life of the pharmaceutical
  • The metabolic properties of the pharmaceutical (correct)
  • The physical half-life of the radionuclide
  • The chemical properties of the radionuclide

What is the process by which a pharmaceutical is eliminated from the tissue, organ, and whole body?

  • Radioactive decay
  • Metabolic processes of turnover and excretion (correct)
  • Chemical reactions
  • Biological half-life

What is the term for the time it takes for a pharmaceutical to be eliminated from the body?

<p>Biological half-life (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a radiopharmaceutical?

<p>A pharmaceutical that has been labelled with a radionuclide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a radionuclide in medical imaging?

<p>To provide a source of radiation for imaging (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the half-life of a radionuclide in a specific tissue or organ?

<p>Effective half-life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the physical half-life of a radionuclide?

<p>The radioactive properties of the radionuclide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the rate of disintegration of a radioactive sample?

<p>Becquerel (Bq) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the count rate and the activity of a radioactive sample?

<p>Count rate is directly proportional to the activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental law of radioactive decay?

<p>The activity of a radioactive sample decreases by equal fractions in equal interval time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of a radionuclide?

<p>The time taken for the activity to decay to half of its original value (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for radionuclide administrations in medical gamma imaging?

<p>Megabecquerel (MBq) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the count rate and the number of radioactive atoms in a sample?

<p>Count rate is directly proportional to the number of radioactive atoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of measurement for the activity of radionuclide generators?

<p>Gigabecquerel (GBq) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum value that the activity of a radioactive sample can reach?

<p>Non-zero, but approaching zero (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of radionuclide imaging uses Technetium-99m?

<p>90% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Technetium-99m with its longer-lived parent in a generator?

<p>Reduced decay during transport and storage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of the parent 99Mo used in the Technetium generator?

<p>67 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason a reasonably large activity of Technetium-99m can be administered?

<p>Its pure gamma emission (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the material used to shield the Technetium generator?

<p>Lead (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the exchange column of alumina beads in the Technetium generator?

<p>To absorb the parent 99Mo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy of the gamma emission of Technetium-99m?

<p>141 keV (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the activity of the daughter 99mTc when the generator is delivered?

<p>It has built up to its maximum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of decay of Gallium-67 and Indium-111?

<p>Electron capture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radionuclide is used to detect tumours and abscesses?

<p>Gallium-67 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of Indium-113?

<p>100 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of 18F in PET scans?

<p>Brain and heart metabolism as well as epilepsy and tumour detection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following radionuclides has the shortest half-life?

<p>Rubidium-82 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of positron emitters in medical imaging?

<p>To perform PET scans (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which radionuclide is used to label white blood cells and platelets?

<p>Indium-111 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy of the gamma rays emitted by Indium-113?

<p>390 keV (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Indium-113 over Indium-111?

<p>Higher energy gamma rays (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of Rubidium-81?

<p>4.7 hours (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emitted from the nucleus with high energy during β+ decay?

<p>A positive electron (positron) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a neutron deficit in a radionuclide?

<p>β+ decay or K-electron capture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when an extranuclear electron is captured by the nucleus?

<p>The number of neutrons increases relative to the number of protons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emitted by the daughter nuclide after K-electron capture?

<p>X-rays (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the energy of gamma rays emitted during radioactive decay?

<p>They have a specific energy that varies among nuclides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of decay for Iodine-123?

<p>Electron capture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of X-rays and gamma rays?

<p>They have identical properties (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical existence of positive electrons (positrons)?

<p>Very brief (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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