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Questions and Answers

What is the range of physical half-lives of radionuclides?

  • From minutes to hours
  • From fractions of a second to millennia (correct)
  • From years to decades
  • From hours to days
  • What is the primary reason for the concentration of a radiopharmaceutical in a specific tissue or organ?

  • The biological half-life of the pharmaceutical
  • The metabolic properties of the pharmaceutical (correct)
  • The physical half-life of the radionuclide
  • The chemical properties of the radionuclide
  • What is the process by which a pharmaceutical is eliminated from the tissue, organ, and whole body?

  • Radioactive decay
  • Metabolic processes of turnover and excretion (correct)
  • Chemical reactions
  • Biological half-life
  • What is the term for the time it takes for a pharmaceutical to be eliminated from the body?

    <p>Biological half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a radiopharmaceutical?

    <p>A pharmaceutical that has been labelled with a radionuclide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a radionuclide in medical imaging?

    <p>To provide a source of radiation for imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the half-life of a radionuclide in a specific tissue or organ?

    <p>Effective half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the physical half-life of a radionuclide?

    <p>The radioactive properties of the radionuclide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the rate of disintegration of a radioactive sample?

    <p>Becquerel (Bq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the count rate and the activity of a radioactive sample?

    <p>Count rate is directly proportional to the activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fundamental law of radioactive decay?

    <p>The activity of a radioactive sample decreases by equal fractions in equal interval time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of a radionuclide?

    <p>The time taken for the activity to decay to half of its original value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for radionuclide administrations in medical gamma imaging?

    <p>Megabecquerel (MBq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the count rate and the number of radioactive atoms in a sample?

    <p>Count rate is directly proportional to the number of radioactive atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of measurement for the activity of radionuclide generators?

    <p>Gigabecquerel (GBq)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum value that the activity of a radioactive sample can reach?

    <p>Non-zero, but approaching zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of radionuclide imaging uses Technetium-99m?

    <p>90%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using Technetium-99m with its longer-lived parent in a generator?

    <p>Reduced decay during transport and storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of the parent 99Mo used in the Technetium generator?

    <p>67 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason a reasonably large activity of Technetium-99m can be administered?

    <p>Its pure gamma emission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material used to shield the Technetium generator?

    <p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the exchange column of alumina beads in the Technetium generator?

    <p>To absorb the parent 99Mo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy of the gamma emission of Technetium-99m?

    <p>141 keV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the activity of the daughter 99mTc when the generator is delivered?

    <p>It has built up to its maximum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of decay of Gallium-67 and Indium-111?

    <p>Electron capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which radionuclide is used to detect tumours and abscesses?

    <p>Gallium-67</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of Indium-113?

    <p>100 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of 18F in PET scans?

    <p>Brain and heart metabolism as well as epilepsy and tumour detection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following radionuclides has the shortest half-life?

    <p>Rubidium-82</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of positron emitters in medical imaging?

    <p>To perform PET scans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which radionuclide is used to label white blood cells and platelets?

    <p>Indium-111</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the energy of the gamma rays emitted by Indium-113?

    <p>390 keV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using Indium-113 over Indium-111?

    <p>Higher energy gamma rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of Rubidium-81?

    <p>4.7 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emitted from the nucleus with high energy during β+ decay?

    <p>A positive electron (positron)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a neutron deficit in a radionuclide?

    <p>β+ decay or K-electron capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when an extranuclear electron is captured by the nucleus?

    <p>The number of neutrons increases relative to the number of protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emitted by the daughter nuclide after K-electron capture?

    <p>X-rays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is unique about the energy of gamma rays emitted during radioactive decay?

    <p>They have a specific energy that varies among nuclides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mode of decay for Iodine-123?

    <p>Electron capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of X-rays and gamma rays?

    <p>They have identical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical existence of positive electrons (positrons)?

    <p>Very brief</p> Signup and view all the answers

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