Physics of PET: Radioactive Decay Mechanisms
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Questions and Answers

What is the symbolic representation used to denote an isotope, where A represents the number of nucleons, Z represents the number of protons, and X represents the atomic symbol?

  • X - Z = A
  • A Z X (correct)
  • A + Z = X
  • A/Z/X
  • What is the equation used to represent the isotope production process, where A, Z, X represent the target isotope, A’, Z’, X’ represent the product isotope, and Pi represents the bombarding particle?

  • A - Z - X - Pi - Pe = A' + Z' + X'
  • A Z A' e Z' X ( Pi , P ) X ' (correct)
  • Pi - Pe = A' / Z' / X'
  • A + Z + X + Pi = A' + Z' + X'
  • What type of field is responsible for keeping ions in orbit within a cyclotron during the acceleration process?

  • Nuclear Field
  • Magnetic Field (correct)
  • Electric Field
  • Gravitational Field
  • Which step in the operation of a cyclotron involves changing the polarity of ions from negative to positive using a stripping foil?

    <p>Polarity Change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In radioactive decay, what ratio between neutrons and protons in an atom indicates stability?

    <p>n/p = 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of uranium radon in radioactivity?

    <p>Natural Cosmic Sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical decay mechanism for Atomic transition?

    <p>Photon emission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which decay mechanism results from a nucleus capturing an inner orbital electron?

    <p>Electron Capture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional form of the radioactive decay law given in the text?

    <p>$N ( t ) = N_0 e^{- ext{decay constant} imes t}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of decay involves the emission of a positron?

    <p>Positron Emission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of activity mentioned in the text?

    <p>$s^{-1}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which decay mode results in the emission of a gamma ray?

    <p>$e^+ e^-$ Annihilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the equation for remaining activity after elapsed time t in terms of initial activity N0, the decay factor λ, and the decay constant A?

    <p>N(t) = N0e^(-λt)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of the half-life (t) of a radioactive isotope?

    <p>The time taken for activity to drop to 50% of its initial value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the effective half-life Teff represent in the Physics of PET?

    <p>The combined effects of physical and biological half-lives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What parameter is represented by the branching ratio (r) in decay schemes?

    <p>Average fraction of b+ produced per decay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of radioactive decay, what does the term 'decay constant' refer to?

    <p>Rate at which radioactive nuclei disintegrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the elapsed time affect the decay factor in Co-60 according to the provided data?

    <p>Decay factor decreases with increasing elapsed time</p> Signup and view all the answers

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