Radioactive Decay

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What is the unit of the decay constant (λ)?

h-2

s

s-1 (correct)

min-1

What is the unit of λ in the equation A = λN?

min-1

h-1

s-1 (correct)

s

What does the half-life (t1/2) represent?

The time it takes for the activity to double

The time it takes for the activity to drop to zero

The time for half of the radioactive nuclei in a given sample to undergo decay (correct)

The time it takes for the activity to triple

What is the relationship between λ and t1/2?

λ = 0.693 t1/2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the activity of the sample of Radon in Example 4?

10 Bq Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the number of remaining radioactive nuclei (Nt) after a period of time?

Nt = N0e-λt Signup and view all the answers

What is the half-life of Tc-99 in Example 5?

6 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the activity of Tc-99 after 2 days in Example 5?

At = A0 e-λt Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial activity chosen for the plot?

1000 Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the decay curve for all radionuclides?

Exponential Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of absorbed dose?

The amount of energy deposited in a unit mass in human tissue or other media Signup and view all the answers

What are the two important categories of radiation dose?

Absorbed dose and dose equivalent Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit used to measure absorbed dose in the SI system?

Gy Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the absorbed dose?

D = E/m Signup and view all the answers

1 Gy is equal to how many rad?

100 rad Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit used to measure dose equivalent in the SI system?

Sv Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to calculate the dose equivalent?

H = D x Q Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the weighting factor (Q) in radiation dosimetry?

To convert physical dose to equivalent dose Signup and view all the answers

What is the dose equivalent in Sv for a radiation dose of 200 rem?

2 Sv Signup and view all the answers

What is the factor that affects radiation dose due to differences in population or individual?

Biological status Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of direct ionization of DNA or other structures by radiation?

Break-up or chemical change in the molecule Signup and view all the answers

What is the radiation safety principle for minimizing radiation doses?

As Low As Reasonably Achievable Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of radiation dose equivalent to 1 Sv?

100 rem Signup and view all the answers

What type of radiation interaction involves the creation of free radicals?

Indirect Effect Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the ALARA principle?

To minimize exposure to radiation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following principles is most effective in reducing radiation exposure?

Distance Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of wearing protective lead shielding and thyroid collars?

To reduce radiation exposure to radiosensitive areas Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between radiation intensity and distance from the source?

Radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the square of distance Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula that represents the inverse square law?

I1 x D1 = I2 x D2 Signup and view all the answers