Radioactive Decay
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Questions and Answers

What is the unit of the decay constant (λ)?

  • h-2
  • s
  • s-1 (correct)
  • min-1
  • What is the unit of λ in the equation A = λN?

  • min-1
  • h-1
  • s-1 (correct)
  • s
  • What does the half-life (t1/2) represent?

  • The time it takes for the activity to double
  • The time it takes for the activity to drop to zero
  • The time for half of the radioactive nuclei in a given sample to undergo decay (correct)
  • The time it takes for the activity to triple
  • What is the relationship between λ and t1/2?

    <p>λ = 0.693 t1/2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the activity of the sample of Radon in Example 4?

    <p>10 Bq</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the number of remaining radioactive nuclei (Nt) after a period of time?

    <p>Nt = N0e-λt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the half-life of Tc-99 in Example 5?

    <p>6 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the activity of Tc-99 after 2 days in Example 5?

    <p>At = A0 e-λt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial activity chosen for the plot?

    <p>1000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the decay curve for all radionuclides?

    <p>Exponential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of absorbed dose?

    <p>The amount of energy deposited in a unit mass in human tissue or other media</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two important categories of radiation dose?

    <p>Absorbed dose and dose equivalent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit used to measure absorbed dose in the SI system?

    <p>Gy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the absorbed dose?

    <p>D = E/m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    1 Gy is equal to how many rad?

    <p>100 rad</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit used to measure dose equivalent in the SI system?

    <p>Sv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the dose equivalent?

    <p>H = D x Q</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the weighting factor (Q) in radiation dosimetry?

    <p>To convert physical dose to equivalent dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dose equivalent in Sv for a radiation dose of 200 rem?

    <p>2 Sv</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the factor that affects radiation dose due to differences in population or individual?

    <p>Biological status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of direct ionization of DNA or other structures by radiation?

    <p>Break-up or chemical change in the molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the radiation safety principle for minimizing radiation doses?

    <p>As Low As Reasonably Achievable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit of radiation dose equivalent to 1 Sv?

    <p>100 rem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of radiation interaction involves the creation of free radicals?

    <p>Indirect Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the ALARA principle?

    <p>To minimize exposure to radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following principles is most effective in reducing radiation exposure?

    <p>Distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of wearing protective lead shielding and thyroid collars?

    <p>To reduce radiation exposure to radiosensitive areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between radiation intensity and distance from the source?

    <p>Radiation intensity is inversely proportional to the square of distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula that represents the inverse square law?

    <p>I1 x D1 = I2 x D2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary condition for applying the inverse square law?

    <p>The radiation source must be a point source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ALARA principle is only a sound safety principle, but not a regulatory requirement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The three principles of radiation protection are time, shielding, and mass.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The intensity of the radiation source increases as the distance from the source increases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The inverse square law can be applied to any type of radiation source.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wearing protective lead shielding and thyroid collars can protect the radiosensitive areas of the body when it is required for the technologist to be near the source of radiation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reducing external radiation exposure can be achieved by increasing time spent in the radiation area.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The distance principle is the most effective way to reduce radiation exposure.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shielding should be used only when the time and distance principles are not possible.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The radiation intensity is directly proportional to the square of the distance from the source.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary goal of radiation safety is to eliminate all radiation exposure.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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