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Radioactive Decay and Isotopes Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of radiation is characterized as being highly ionizing?

Cosmic rays

Gamma rays

Beta particles

Alpha particles (correct)

What is the main method to stop beta particles?

Aluminum (correct)

Paper

Air

Lead

What happens during gamma decay at the nuclear level?

Protons convert to neutrons

Nucleus changes its composition

Nucleus emits radiation without changing composition (correct)

Protons and neutrons are destroyed

What type of radiation is NOT affected by electric or magnetic fields?

Gamma rays Signup and view all the answers

Which radioactive source is a natural origin of background radiation?

Radioactive rocks in the ground Signup and view all the answers

How can ionizing radiation affect living cells?

Break chemical bonds and facilitate reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between isotopes and unstable nuclei?

Isotopes have different numbers of neutrons but the same number of protons, while unstable nuclei emit particles to become stable. Signup and view all the answers

Why are nuclear radiations called ionizing radiations?

Because they cause atoms in surrounding materials to lose electrons and form ions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit used to measure the amount of radioactivity given out by a substance?

Becquerels Signup and view all the answers

How do unstable nuclei become more stable?

By releasing nuclear radiations in the form of alpha and beta particles or gamma rays. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a particle is released from the nucleus of an unstable atom?

The atom turns into an isotope of a different element. Signup and view all the answers

How is radioactive decay different from chemical or biological decay?

Radioactive decay involves changes in the nuclei of atoms, while chemical or biological decay does not. Signup and view all the answers