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Questions and Answers
What is the primary effect of radiation on tissues?
What is the primary effect of radiation on tissues?
What is the type of radiation interaction with tissue that results in free radical formation?
What is the type of radiation interaction with tissue that results in free radical formation?
Which of the following is an example of a deterministic effect of radiation?
Which of the following is an example of a deterministic effect of radiation?
What is the minimum lag period between irradiation and cancer development for stochastic effects?
What is the minimum lag period between irradiation and cancer development for stochastic effects?
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What is the primary application of fluoroscopy?
What is the primary application of fluoroscopy?
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What type of X-ray images are acquired in fluoroscopy?
What type of X-ray images are acquired in fluoroscopy?
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What is the function of X-ray detector systems in fluoroscopy?
What is the function of X-ray detector systems in fluoroscopy?
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Which of the following is NOT a use of fluoroscopy?
Which of the following is NOT a use of fluoroscopy?
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What is the advantage of fluoroscopy?
What is the advantage of fluoroscopy?
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Study Notes
Radiation Risk of X-ray Examinations
- Radiation risk refers to the damage caused by ionising radiation through energy deposition in tissues, leading to ionisation within tissues.
- There are two types of radiation interactions with tissue: direct and indirect.
- Direct interaction: radiation energy is directly transferred to DNA, causing structural changes in its molecules.
- Indirect interaction: radiation energy is absorbed by water molecules, forming free radicals that damage DNA molecules.
Adverse Health Effects of Radiation
- There are two types of adverse health effects: deterministic and stochastic effects.
- Deterministic effects: high radiation doses, resulting in immediate damage (within minutes, hours, days, or weeks).
- Stochastic effects: low radiation doses, potentially leading to cancer development, with a lag period of at least 5 years, and up to 10 or 20 years.
Fluoroscopy
- Fluoroscopy: continuous acquisition of a sequence of X-ray images over time (real-time X-ray movie of the patient).
- Fluoroscopic systems use X-ray detector systems capable of producing images in rapid sequence.
- Applications of fluoroscopy: positioning catheters in arteries, visualising contrast agents, invasive therapeutic procedures (surgery), and making X-ray movies of anatomic motion (e.g., heart or oesophagus).
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Description
This quiz covers the risks associated with X-ray examinations, including the damage caused by ionizing radiation to tissues and DNA.
