Radiation Damage to Cell Molecules
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary assumption of the target theory?

  • Radiation damage to abundant molecules can cause cell death
  • Radiation damage to sensitive molecules can cause cell death (correct)
  • Ionizing radiation favors interaction with target molecules
  • All molecules in the cell are equally sensitive to radiation

    • What is the target molecule in the target theory?

  • RNA
  • DNA (correct)
  • Lipid
  • Protein

    • What is the consequence of radiation damage to abundant molecules?

  • Mutations in the cell
  • Radiation resistance
  • Cell death
  • No noticeable injury to the cell (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of the target molecule in the target theory?

    <p>Low abundance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of radiation interaction with the target molecule?

    <p>A hit, which can occur through both direct and indirect effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the sensitivity of the target molecule to radiation?

    <p>Its vital function in the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept of the target in the target theory?

    <p>An area of the cell occupied by the target molecule or a sensitive site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the original application of the target theory?

    <p>To describe cell lethality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Target Theory

    • Cells contain many species of molecules, most of which exist in excess, making them less susceptible to radiation damage.
    • However, some molecules are essential for normal cell function and are present in limited quantities, making them vulnerable to radiation damage.
    • Radiation damage to these critical molecules can severely affect the cell because there are no substitutes available.
    • The target theory is based on the concept of a sensitive key molecule that must be inactivated for a cell to die after radiation exposure.
    • DNA is considered the target molecule.

    Target Molecule

    • The target molecule is an area of the cell occupied by the molecule or a sensitive site on the molecule.
    • The target area changes position over time due to intracellular molecular movement.
    • The interaction between radiation and cellular components is random, with no preference for the target molecule.

    Radiation Interaction

    • When radiation interacts with the target molecule, it is considered a "hit."
    • Radiation can also interact with molecules other than the target molecule, resulting in indirect effects.
    • It is not possible to distinguish between direct and indirect hits.
    • Hits occur through both direct and indirect effects of radiation.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the effects of radiation damage on cell molecules, including the abundance of molecules and the impact on cell function.

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