Leo - L1 part 1

Radiation is energy that travels in the form of waves or high-speed particles.

Natural radiation is present in the environment and arises from spontaneous atomic changes, while artificial radiation is produced by human activities.

Cosmic radiation, underground radiation, and radiation from living beings.

<p>Cosmic radiation, emitted from the sun and other cosmic sources, travels to Earth and interacts with the atmosphere, producing secondary radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radium and uranium are examples of elements that produce underground radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Non-ionizing radiation and ionizing radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Living beings emit radioactive isotopes, contributing a very small portion of basic radioactivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>UV radiation has a higher frequency and shorter wavelength, resulting in greater energy that can cause biological damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natural radiation is crucial for processes such as plant photosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Radiation can travel at a speed similar to that of light, about $3 imes 10^{10}$ cm/sec.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Secondary radiation results from the interaction of cosmic radiation with atmospheric atoms, which can lead to various health effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased oncological risk, leading to potential DNA mutations and cancer development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ionizing radiation has energy levels exceeding 10 eV, while non-ionizing radiation has energy levels below that threshold.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basic radioactivity can have both beneficial and pathological effects on health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alpha (α) particles and X-rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Artificial radiation is specifically produced for scientific, industrial, and military purposes, whereas natural radiation occurs spontaneously in the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy increases with frequency and decreases with wavelength.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dose of radiation absorbed and the inherent radiosensitivity of the tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Workers in mines of metalliferous minerals and those handling radioactive compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It visually represents the range of electromagnetic radiation types along with their energy levels, frequency, and wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary biological effect of UV radiation is limited to the dermis, causing various pathological changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alpha particles are easily stopped by the skin or a sheet of paper and do not penetrate deeply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive exposure to microwaves can cause thermal lesions, eye injuries, and testicular damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>X-rays and gamma rays are stopped by lead due to their high energy and penetrating capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prolonged exposure to radio waves can increase the risk of developing brain tumors and leukemias.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When excited by non-ionizing radiation, electrons move to a higher energy orbital but remain within the atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neutron radiation has the highest penetration capacity and is only stopped by concrete.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pregnant women are advised to avoid direct mobile phone use due to the risk of radiation affecting the developing fetus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Persons working with X-ray equipment should stay in a protected area and use lead shields for organs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy is directly proportional to frequency and inversely proportional to wavelength in radiation.</p> Signup and view all the answers