Radial Artery Puncture
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Questions and Answers

Where is the radial artery located?

  • In the elbow
  • In the ankle
  • In the wrist on the radial side (correct)
  • In the groin

    • What is a disadvantage of radial artery puncture?

  • The artery is small (correct)
  • The artery is large
  • It is easy to puncture
  • It is close to a nerve

    • What is an advantage of the radial artery puncture site?

  • The artery is large
  • It is close to a nerve
  • It has collateral circulation (correct)
  • It is close to a vein

    • Where is the brachial artery commonly punctured?

    <p>In the elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a disadvantage of the brachial artery puncture site?

    <p>It is close to a vein and a nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may radial artery puncture be particularly difficult in certain patients?

    <p>In hypotensive and hypovolemic states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the femoral artery accessible for arterial sampling?

    <p>In the groin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the femoral artery?

    <p>It is very large</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done 2 hours before meals and tube feedings?

    <p>Coordinate therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assessing the patient before therapy?

    <p>To assess the patient's overall condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sequence of drainage in adults?

    <p>From bases to apices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using pillows and foam wedges?

    <p>To help maintain proper positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored during and after therapy?

    <p>Subjective responses, breathing pattern, and sputum production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of chest percussion and vibration?

    <p>To loosen difficult-to-cough-up secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be avoided during manual percussion?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum duration for performing chest percussion on the patient?

    <p>3 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of air bubbles on blood gas results?

    <p>Air bubbles alter blood gas results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to minimize the blood sample's exposure to air?

    <p>To prevent alteration of blood gas results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the sample contains visible air bubbles?

    <p>Discard the sample and draw another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of mixing the heparin with the blood sample?

    <p>To prevent clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically used to contain the supplies needed for arterial puncture?

    <p>An ABG kit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum requirement before performing arterial puncture?

    <p>Physician's order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked in the patient's chart before arterial sampling?

    <p>Physician's order for anticoagulant therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using lidocaine anesthetic 2% solution?

    <p>To reduce patient discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ulnar artery test?

    <p>To assess blood flow to the hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What affects the reliability of blood gas analysis?

    <p>The knowledge and skill of the respiratory care practitioner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) if air bubbles are present in the sample?

    <p>It can either increase or decrease depending on the patient's condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to expel air bubbles from the sample immediately?

    <p>To prevent oxygen from diffusing into the sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal range of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2)?

    <p>35-45 mm Hg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the PaCO2 if air bubbles are present in the sample?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a large quantity of bubbles is present in the sample?

    <p>Discard the sample and draw another one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to note the relevant facts with the results of the analysis?

    <p>To provide additional information to clinicians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid while performing percussion on a patient?

    <p>Percussing on the spine or clavicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct technique for expiratory vibration?

    <p>Apply a gentle vibrating motion during exhalation only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many times should you repeat the vibration technique for each segment?

    <p>Two or three times</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using a towel or sheet over the patient's skin during percussion?

    <p>To protect the patient's skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should you not perform percussion?

    <p>On the spine or clavicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should you use your arm muscles during expiratory vibration?

    <p>Tighten your arm muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many references are cited in the text?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the title of one of the referenced textbooks?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Arterial Puncture Sites

    • The radial artery is located in the wrist on the radial side (thumb side), close to the surface of the skin.
    • It is the site most commonly used for taking a patient's pulse.
    • The radial artery has a collateral circulation, meaning that if circulation is interrupted, the ulnar artery will continue to supply the hand.
    • There are no veins or nerves immediately adjacent to the radial artery, making it a safer site for arterial sampling.
    • The radial artery is small, but can be punctured easily with careful observation, palpation, and practice.

    Brachial Artery

    • The brachial artery is located at the elbow in the antecubital fossa, on the medial side of the fossa near the insertion of the biceps muscle at the radial tuberosity.
    • The brachial artery is larger and easier to palpate than the radial artery.
    • However, it is close to both a large vein and a nerve, making it more susceptible to inadvertent venous sampling and nerve damage.
    • The brachial artery does not have the advantage of collateral circulation, and inadvertent injury can result in the loss of the limb.

    Femoral Artery

    • The femoral artery is accessible for arterial sampling in the groin, and can be palpated laterally from the pubis bone.
    • The femoral artery is very large.

    Blood Gas Sampling Errors

    • The reliability of blood gas analysis is very technique-dependent.
    • Factors that contribute to sampling errors include:
      • Bubbles in the sample, which can diffuse oxygen and affect the PaO2 measurement.
      • Introduction of air into the sample, which can alter the blood gas results.
      • Inadequate mixing of heparin, which can cause clotting before sampling.

    Supplies Needed for Arterial Puncture

    • The supplies needed for arterial puncture are usually contained in an ABG kit.
    • Separate supplies that may be needed include:
      • Pre-heparinized disposable sampling syringe
      • Needles (20 to 25 gauge, in various lengths)
      • Rubber stopper or rubber syringe cap
      • Adhesive strip or Elastoplast tape
      • Iodine and alcohol prep pads
      • Lidocaine anesthetic 2% solution (if ordered)
      • Disposable latex gloves
      • Eye protection (goggles or face shield)
      • Ice slush
    • A physician's order is required before performing arterial puncture or any other procedure.
    • Check the patient's chart for a physician's order for anticoagulant therapy or oxygen therapy before arterial sampling.
    • Coordinate therapy 2 hours before meals and tube feedings.
    • Introduce yourself to the patient and explain the procedure.
    • Assess the patient before therapy, including pulse rate, respiratory rate, Spo2, blood pressure, level of dyspnea, and level of consciousness.
    • Auscultate the lung field before the procedure to identify the areas that need to be drained.
    • Place the patient in the appropriate positions for drainage depending on the affected lobes/segments.
    • Use pillows and foam wedges to help maintain the proper positions and ensure patient comfort.
    • Monitor the patient before, during, and after the procedure, including subjective responses, breathing pattern, and sputum production.

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    Clinical Training 2 End of Practice Written Exam Content PDF

    Description

    This quiz is about the radial artery location, its significance in taking a patient's pulse, and the safety of performing arterial puncture at this site. Learn about the advantages of this method and the role of collateral circulation.

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