Race, Class, and Motherhood

<p>Terror in explaining racial violence to their children (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potentially harmful health effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low-birth weight and high mortality rates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They continue to face high rates of miscarriage and infertility. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Invisible health effects for themselves and their children (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neo-politics of respectability = A strategy for mothering that aligns with societal expectations Concerted cultivation = Deliberate efforts to enhance children's development Ethnographic interviews = Qualitative research method involving detailed participant accounts Sorrow as Artifact = Exploration of emotional experiences among marginalized groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Women participants = Upper-middle-class African American mothers in Atlanta Children's well-being = A primary concern impacting maternal decisions Media coverage of deaths = Influenced mothers' perceptions of safety for their children Black community success = Viewed as interconnected with individual family success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dedicated to children's upbringing = Focus on both individual and community improvement Concerns about maternal responsibilities = Emerged prior to children's schooling Emotional experiences during pregnancy = Start before giving birth Professional shifts = Necessary adaptations due to family commitments</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strategic mothering = Adopting specific practices for child safety Career considerations = Negotiating work-life balance amid societal pressures Emotional toll of racism = Affects decision-making in mothering Community involvement = Playing a role in enhancing collective well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Focus on resilience = Emphasizes the strength of Black mothers Increased awareness = Grew from media portrayals of violence Navigating societal challenges = Involves balancing personal and communal needs Long-term maternal concern = Reflects deep-rooted anxiety regarding children's futures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strategic Mothering = A way to navigate the relationship between motherhood and work Racism = A system that may negatively impact pregnancy outcomes Cultural Identity = A sense of belonging based on shared race Prenatal Care = Medical assistance during pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Racial disparities = Influences on pregnancy outcomes Invisible work = Unrecognized domestic and community responsibilities Respectability politics = Shaping public perceptions of Black motherhood Health outcomes = Coping strategies in a racially biased society</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jackson et al. = Impact of structural racism on pregnancy outcomes Mullings = Study of African-American women's health Roberts = Research on reproductive justice Higginbotham = Concept of cultural identity among African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protecting children = Driven by societal violence and racism Community engagement = Fostering a supportive network among families Career adjustments = Responding to the needs of their children Educational investments = Ensuring opportunities for future success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Media influence = Shapes perceptions of motherhood Racial trauma = Creates additional emotional burdens Upper-middle-class status = Brings specific community expectations Ethnographic context = Provides insights into lived experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trayvon Martin = Violent death of a young Black man Michael Brown = Incident that heightened racial tensions Renisha McBride = Case involving systemic violence against Black youth African-American Pregnancy Outcomes = Context of health disparities in Black women</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Internalized stress = Negative impact on women's health Structural racism = Limited access to healthcare Fear of loss = Emotional distress in Black families Cultural identity = Connection among African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Worker roles = Economic necessity and family support Terror of explanation = Discussing violence with children Adverse pregnancy outcomes = Health risks linked to social factors Community support = Importance of familial and social networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Public Health Scholars = Research on the health impacts of racism Anthropologists = Cultural implications of motherhood Sociologists = Examination of race within societal structures Psychologists = Study of emotional impacts on families</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Navigating work = Balancing family needs and employment Redefining motherhood = Changing perceptions of motherhood Multifaceted roles = Complex identities as mothers and workers Fear of systemic violence = Concerns over children's safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>African-American women as laborers = Foundational role in U.S. development Cultural identity signifiers = Connection within the African American community Racial profiling = Link to violence against Black youth Internalized stress and pregnancy = Health disparities faced by Black women</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virginia Broughton = Missionary work and advocacy for women's rights Black middle-class women = Feeling of social debt towards less fortunate sisters Higginbotham = Critique of the uplift movement's effectiveness Cathy Cohen = Focus on the Black community's response to HIV/AIDS</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black flight = 1970s and 1980s Uplift movement = 20th century Increased police brutality = Recent inquiry Women’s rights activism = Mid-20th century onward</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social debt = Moral responsibility to assist others Intra-class conflict = Disputes within the same social class Missionary work = Community service and outreach Collective Black community = A perceived unified racial group</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Broughton taking children on mission trips = Belief in their care by others Leaving children with family members = Trust in social networks Writing lovingly about children = Contradictory prioritization of work Valuing missionary work = Superceding maternal responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black women's strategies = Focus on self, children, and community survival Creating a Black space = A form of revolutionary radical Black mothering Race-work = Efforts aimed at racial uplift Moral behavior education = Promoting betterment of the Black race</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virginia Broughton = Spent little time mothering Cathy Cohen = Explored community issues regarding HIV/AIDS McDonald = Discussion of race and responsibility Higginbotham = Highlighted intra-class conflicts</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Joy James = Highlights importance of Black women's survival strategies Angela Davis = Advocates for a different image of Black youth Natalie = Expresses fear for her son in a racially charged society Charles = Concerned for the safety of his pregnant wife</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Thugs' stereotype = Limitations on how Black youth are perceived 'Walking home from the store' = A plea for normalcy in Black youth imagery 'Racial uplift' = Community betterment for the Black race 'Near death experience' = Impact of health complications on family dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Police brutality = State authorized violence Uplift movement = False notion of unity Black flight = Shift from urban centers Social debt = Expectation of moral culpability</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black women’s feelings of responsibility = Aimed at supporting the less fortunate Critique of uplift movement = Questioning collective identity Broughton’s perspective on motherhood = Prioritization of mission work Media portrayal = Jockeying for authenticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black club women's work = Educate and protect against stereotypes Black women's race-work = Changing perspectives of Whites Fear experienced by Black parents = Affects their approach to child-rearing Major complication during pregnancy = Shifts family dynamics and emotional concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black flight = Move away from urban areas 20th century uplift = Focus on improving Black community status Police violence = Engagement in public discussion HIV/AIDS response = Community activism and support</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black women in professions = Aim for racial uplift Mothers' narratives = Important for community survival Community education efforts = Promote moral behavior Representation of Black boys = Challenges negative stereotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Natalie = Had a major complication after delivery Charles = Wanted to ensure Natalie's safety Joy James = Engaged in advocacy for Black women's issues Angela Davis = Commented on public perception of Black youth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'Not just for Black community' = Emphasizes broader societal impact 'Racial uplift as important' = Reflects ongoing relevance in society 'Strategies employed are somewhat different' = Adaptation of historical narratives 'Protecting against stereotypes' = Engenders proactive community engagement</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mother Jones article = Public lynchings and police impunity Walter Scott’s mother’s statement = Response to police violence Harry Belafonte, Jay-Z article = Media discourse on social responsibility Paula Giddings article = Advocacy for anti-lynching movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harry Belafonte = Criticized Jay-Z for abandoning social responsibility Jay-Z = Addressed social issues in his music Eric Garner’s Widow = Rejected condolences from police officer Samuel Dubose family = Responded to body camera video release</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jim Crow era = Systematic racial segregation and violence Twenty-first Century Anti-Lynching Movement = Modern advocacy against racial violence Intergenerational Beef = Conflict between different generations on social issues Media Brouhaha = Public uproar over statements made by celebrities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release of body camera video = Public outrage and demand for justice Walter Scott shooting = Discussion about police accountability Eric Garner's death = Calls for police reform Mike Brown shooting = Connection to historic lynching practices</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harry Belafonte, Jay-Z article = Discussion fueled by social media Mother Jones article = Examination of racial violence history Paula Giddings article = Contemporary call to action Walter Scott’s mother’s statement = Reactions aired on national news</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stop Asking Black People to Forgive = Calls for accountability from police Hell no!: Eric Garner’s Widow = Refusal to accept insincere condolences Eric Garner’s death = Highlighting systemic racism in policing Statements about Sam Dubose = Demand for justice and transparency</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intergenerational dialogue = Connecting past and present struggles Anti-lynching movement = Combating racial violence historically and presently Media discussions = Increasing awareness of social issues Community responses = Mobilizing public support for justice</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Harry Belafonte, Jay-Z article = Gene Demby Article on Jim Crow lynchings = Not specified Statement from Walter Scott’s mother = Not specified Paula Giddings' article = Paula Giddings</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Audrey DuBose = Mother of unarmed Sam DuBose and activist Sybrina Fulton = Mother of Trayvon Martin and #BlackLivesMatter supporter Lucy McBath = Mother of Jordan Davis and activist Natalie = Educator invested in students' success</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultural response of Black women = Privileges the professional roles of Black women Stereotypes of Black women = Portrayed as lazy welfare mothers Police violence = Unarmed Black individuals killed by police officers Activism = Response to the loss of children and societal perceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Killing of Trayvon Martin = Led to increased activism among Black mothers Killing of Sam DuBose = Body camera footage helped vindicate him Acquittal of George Zimmerman = Inspired discussions about racial stereotypes #BlackLivesMatter movement = A platform for mothers to offer support</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'I am there for them' = Natalie's commitment to her students 'With a breath in my body, I will fight to the end' = Audrey DuBose's fierce determination 'Thug in the neighborhood' = Response to the portrayal of Sam DuBose 'Similar conversations and cries for action' = Mothers of victims of police violence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Change the way Black people are viewed = Response to stereotypes by Black mothers Concerns over portrayal = Black mothers' experiences with police violence Joy and relief from video release = Audrey DuBose's reaction to body camera footage Professional roles of Black women = Importance of jobs beyond mere employment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sybrina Fulton = Active participant in #BlackLivesMatter Lucy McBath = Advocate for social justice after her son's death Audrey DuBose = Expressed vindication after body camera footage Natalie = Engages in discussions about her students' needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Police killings = Anguish and calls for justice Racial stereotypes = Desire to change public perceptions Loss of children = Radical activism and support for others Community engagement = Strengthening ties among Black families</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Invisible work = Unrecognized efforts of women in caregiving Black middle-class activism = Response to systemic racism and violence Cultural privilege = Advocacy for the professional roles of Black women Catchphrase of resistance = #BlackLivesMatter as a movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

The unpaid and often unrecognized work women do in the home and community that perpetuates gender inequalities.

The negative impacts on women's health caused by their disproportionate responsibility for unpaid work in the home.

How racial discrimination negatively affects the health outcomes of people of color.

African American women experience higher rates of gestational diabetes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia, and low birth weight babies compared to other groups, even when their socioeconomic status is similar.

The constant fear of violence against Black children, and the impact on the mental health of Black mothers and their children from the very start of pregnancy.

Unequal access to prenatal healthcare contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Despite their socioeconomic status, Black middle-class women still experience higher rates of miscarriage and infertility than other groups.

The fear that Black parents feel regarding the safety of their children due to racial bias negatively impacts the mental well-being and health of both children and parents.

A proactive and intentional approach to parenting, prioritizing the well-being and success of Black children, especially in the face of racial disparities and injustices.

A parenting style focusing on actively developing a child's talents and skills through structured activities and opportunities, often associated with upper-middle-class families.

A strategy where Black individuals adopt behaviors and values deemed respectable by mainstream society to gain acceptance and avoid negative stereotypes.

The strategies and actions that Black individuals and communities utilize to navigate and overcome systemic oppression and racial bias.

The constant and often invisible efforts that people of color engage in to navigate and manage racial discrimination and prejudice in their daily lives.

The collective success and advancement of Black people, encompassing economic, social, and educational achievements.

The period of time before birth, when a baby is developing inside the womb.

The period of time after childbirth, often marked by physical and emotional adjustments.

The migration of African Americans from urban centers to suburbs in the 1970s and 1980s.

The feeling of responsibility that middle-class Black women have to help less fortunate Black women.

The movement in the 20th century that aimed to improve the social, economic, and political status of African Americans.

The tension and conflict that exist between different socioeconomic classes within a racial group.

The reaction of the Black community to social issues, such as HIV/AIDS, by emphasizing respectability and moral standards.

The excessive use of force by law enforcement against individuals because of their race.

Violence that is sanctioned or allowed by government authorities.

Virginia Broughton, a missionary and women's rights advocate, prioritized her missionary work above her family life.

A term describing how Black mothers adapt their work and family roles to meet their families' and communities' needs, reflecting their multifaceted roles as both workers and reproducers of labor.

This concept highlights how Black women's labor, both as workers and in their capacity to reproduce workers, has historically been essential to the development of the U.S. nation-state.

This refers to the psychological and emotional stress experienced by individuals due to the constant exposure to and internalization of societal racism and discrimination.

African American mothers face a unique and heightened fear of losing their children to violence, often perpetuated by racial bias and systemic inequalities.

For African Americans, race signifies not just a biological category but a cultural identity that connects them as a people, shaping their experiences and collective consciousness.

A physical or social environment created by Black women that emphasizes Black identity, culture, and values, fostering a sense of safety and belonging for Black people. This space serves as a refuge from racial prejudice and discrimination.

A form of parenting that strategically addresses the unique challenges faced by Black families due to racism and social inequality. It prioritizes Black children's safety, well-being, and cultural development.

The collective effort to raise awareness of and address racial inequities, promote social and economic advancement of Black communities, and challenge systemic racism.

The standards of conduct and values that Black club women emphasized to improve the Black community's social standing and counter negative stereotypes

The negative and prejudiced ideas that White society holds about Black women and the Black race. These views are often based on racist assumptions and reinforce social inequalities.

The fear that Black mothers experience regarding the safety of their Black sons due to the pervasive threat of violence and racial bias against Black men. This fear impacts their emotional well-being and parenting strategies.

Black women's ability to overcome adversity and hardship, particularly racial discrimination and oppression, while simultaneously caring for their families and communities.

The article draws a parallel between lynching during Jim Crow and police killings in the present, both involving extrajudicial killings without accountability.

The Dubose family, after seeing the body camera footage of Samuel Dubose's death, condemned the killing and called for justice.

Walter Scott's mother publicly denounced the officer who killed her son, demanding accountability for his death.

The article criticizes the expectation that Black people should forgive those who kill their loved ones, emphasizing the need for justice instead of forgiveness.

Eric Garner's widow refused to accept condolences from officers involved in his death, highlighting her anger and frustration with the system.

The article highlights a dispute between Harry Belafonte and Jay-Z on social responsibility, with Jay-Z criticized for not speaking out against social injustices.

The article describes a generational gap in how older and newer generations of Black activists approach social justice issues, exemplified by the Belafonte-Jay-Z dispute.

The article uses the term 'brouhaha' to describe the media controversy that erupted after Harry Belafonte's criticism of Jay-Z's lack of social activism.