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R-M System and Gene Cloning Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What are the two contrasting enzymatic activities involved in restriction modification (R-M) systems?

A restriction endonuclease (REase) and a methyltransferase (MTase)

What is the function of the restriction endonuclease (REase) in the R-M system?

It recognizes and cleaves foreign DNA sequences at specific sites

How does the methyltransferase (MTase) activity ensure discrimination between self and non-self DNA?

It transfers methyl groups to the same specific DNA sequence within the host’s genome

What types of organisms do restriction-modification (R-M) systems occur in?

They occur in a wide variety of unicellular organisms, including eubacteria and archaea Signup and view all the answers

What is the functional role of restriction endonucleases (REases) in the restriction-modification (R-M) system?

REases cleave endo-nucleolytically at phosphodiester bonds, generating 5’ or 3’ overhangs or blunt ends Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the restriction-modification (R-M) system with their functions:

Restriction endonuclease (REase) = Recognizes and cleaves foreign DNA sequences at specific sites Methyltransferase (MTase) = Ensures discrimination between self and non-self DNA by transferring methyl groups Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications Signup and view all the answers

Match the following attributes of restriction-modification (R-M) systems with their significance:

Ubiquitous and considered primitive immune systems in bacteria = Indication of their success as a defense mechanism against invading genomes Directly target invading DNA elements = Mechanism involving restriction-modification (R-M) systems SQL = Database queries CSS = Styling web pages Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements about restriction endonucleases (REases) with their functional roles:

Cleave endo-nucleolytically at phosphodiester bonds, generating 5’ or 3’ overhangs or blunt ends = Functional role of REases in the restriction-modification (R-M) system Mechanisms involving restriction-modification (R-M) systems = Function of the restriction endonuclease (REase) in the R-M system Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions of microbial evolution and diversity with their attributes for success:

Ability of bacteria to recognize and distinguish incoming foreign DNA from self DNA = Attribute for success in microbial evolution and diversity Mechanism involving restriction-modification (R-M) systems = One of the attributes for success in microbial evolution and diversity SQL = Database queries CSS = Styling web pages Signup and view all the answers

Match the following attributes of restriction-modification (R-M) systems with their prevalence across the prokaryotic kingdom:

Occur in a wide variety of unicellular organisms, including eubacteria and archaea = Prevalence across the prokaryotic kingdom Mechanisms involving restriction-modification (R-M) systems = Prevalence across the prokaryotic kingdom Python = General-purpose programming JavaScript = Client-side scripting for web applications Signup and view all the answers