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Questions and Answers
What is the primary definition of a document in the context of questioned document examinations?
What is the term used to describe a document whose authenticity or source is in dispute or doubtful?
What is the difference between a disputed document and a questioned document?
What is the primary reason for examining a document in questioned document examinations?
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What is true about not all questioned documents?
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What is included in the definition of a document in the context of questioned document examinations?
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What is the primary purpose of a standard document in document examination?
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What does the Latin term 'Documentum' mean?
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What is the term used to describe a writing that is deliberately altered to hide one's identity?
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What is the term used to describe a set of symbols and rules used to represent a language?
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What is the term used to describe the visible effect of bodily movement that is an almost subconscious expression of certain ideas associated with script form?
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What is the term used to describe a series of lines or curves written in a single letter?
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Study Notes
Definition of Document
- A document is any material containing marks, symbols, or signs that may convey a meaning, including electronic files.
- Documents can be in various forms, such as handwritten, typewritten, or computer-generated.
Questioned Documents
- A questioned document is any signature, handwriting, or mark whose source or authenticity is in dispute or doubtful.
- Questioned documents are not always fraudulent, and examination may be necessary to identify the author, establish the source, or resolve issues.
Disputed Documents
- A disputed document is a questioned document that is under scrutiny due to concerns about its origin, content, or circumstances of production.
- A disputed document is always a questioned document, but not all questioned documents are disputed.
Standards and Exemplars
- A standard is a condensed and compact set of authentic specimens from a known source.
- An exemplar is a term used to describe known material used for comparative examination.
- Types of standards include procured or collected exemplars (obtained from files) and requested or dictated exemplars (made upon request).
Handwriting and Writing Systems
- Handwriting is the visible effect of bodily movement, influenced by mental expression and habits.
- A writing system comprises a set of symbols, rules, and language representation, classified as alphabets, syllabaries, or logographies.
- Handwriting skills include letter formation, spacing, size consistency, and overall neatness.
Types of Handwriting
- Natural handwriting is executed without attempting to control or alter identifying habits.
- Disguised writing is an attempt to alter usual writing habits to hide one's identity, often resulting in poorer writing skills.
Signature
- A signature is a person's name written in their own handwriting.
- In law, signatures are used to show agreement or consent at the end of a legal instrument.
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Description
Learn about the definition and types of questioned documents, including handwritten, typewritten, and electronically generated documents. Understand the importance of document examination in forensic science.
