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What is the primary definition of a document in the context of questioned document examinations?
What is the primary definition of a document in the context of questioned document examinations?
What is the term used to describe a document whose authenticity or source is in dispute or doubtful?
What is the term used to describe a document whose authenticity or source is in dispute or doubtful?
What is the difference between a disputed document and a questioned document?
What is the difference between a disputed document and a questioned document?
What is the primary reason for examining a document in questioned document examinations?
What is the primary reason for examining a document in questioned document examinations?
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What is true about not all questioned documents?
What is true about not all questioned documents?
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What is included in the definition of a document in the context of questioned document examinations?
What is included in the definition of a document in the context of questioned document examinations?
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What is the primary purpose of a standard document in document examination?
What is the primary purpose of a standard document in document examination?
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What does the Latin term 'Documentum' mean?
What does the Latin term 'Documentum' mean?
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What is the term used to describe a writing that is deliberately altered to hide one's identity?
What is the term used to describe a writing that is deliberately altered to hide one's identity?
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What is the term used to describe a set of symbols and rules used to represent a language?
What is the term used to describe a set of symbols and rules used to represent a language?
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What is the term used to describe the visible effect of bodily movement that is an almost subconscious expression of certain ideas associated with script form?
What is the term used to describe the visible effect of bodily movement that is an almost subconscious expression of certain ideas associated with script form?
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What is the term used to describe a series of lines or curves written in a single letter?
What is the term used to describe a series of lines or curves written in a single letter?
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Study Notes
Definition of Document
- A document is any material containing marks, symbols, or signs that may convey a meaning, including electronic files.
- Documents can be in various forms, such as handwritten, typewritten, or computer-generated.
Questioned Documents
- A questioned document is any signature, handwriting, or mark whose source or authenticity is in dispute or doubtful.
- Questioned documents are not always fraudulent, and examination may be necessary to identify the author, establish the source, or resolve issues.
Disputed Documents
- A disputed document is a questioned document that is under scrutiny due to concerns about its origin, content, or circumstances of production.
- A disputed document is always a questioned document, but not all questioned documents are disputed.
Standards and Exemplars
- A standard is a condensed and compact set of authentic specimens from a known source.
- An exemplar is a term used to describe known material used for comparative examination.
- Types of standards include procured or collected exemplars (obtained from files) and requested or dictated exemplars (made upon request).
Handwriting and Writing Systems
- Handwriting is the visible effect of bodily movement, influenced by mental expression and habits.
- A writing system comprises a set of symbols, rules, and language representation, classified as alphabets, syllabaries, or logographies.
- Handwriting skills include letter formation, spacing, size consistency, and overall neatness.
Types of Handwriting
- Natural handwriting is executed without attempting to control or alter identifying habits.
- Disguised writing is an attempt to alter usual writing habits to hide one's identity, often resulting in poorer writing skills.
Signature
- A signature is a person's name written in their own handwriting.
- In law, signatures are used to show agreement or consent at the end of a legal instrument.
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Description
Learn about the definition and types of questioned documents, including handwritten, typewritten, and electronically generated documents. Understand the importance of document examination in forensic science.
