Quebec National Cinema Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What term is used to describe the direct cinema style associated with Quebec film?

  • Cinéma vérité
  • Documentary realism
  • National cinema
  • Cinéma direct (correct)

The film mentioned in the text celebrates the city and has an anti-religious stance.

True (A)

What is described as a common theme in Quebec films from the sixties?

Social intervention

The term 'une vague érotico-comique' refers to a wave of ________ films.

<p>erotic-comic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:

<p>Cinéma direct = A style focusing on documentary and social commentary Valérie = Example of a popular erotic-comic film Quebec government = Sanctioned the characterization of Quebec film history Chantal Nadeau = Discussed the relationship between nation and masculinity in cinema</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are women's cinema and popular cinema viewed in relation to each other?

<p>Women's cinema is marginalized and viewed as personal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Valérie is considered a canonical work in Quebec film history.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What films did filmmakers in Quebec start to prefer in the sixties?

<p>Films reflecting socio-economic conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor that sparked the Quiet Revolution in Quebec?

<p>The election of the Parti Libéral (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Quiet Revolution primarily focused on the strengthening of the Catholic Church's power in Quebec.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What movement joined artists and intellectuals in demanding aesthetic independence in Quebec?

<p>Refus Global</p> Signup and view all the answers

The creation of a _____ middle class in Quebec led to sweeping reforms in economic, political, and social policy.

<p>francophone</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Quiet Revolution = Period of sweeping reforms in Quebec Refus Global = Movement for aesthetic independence cinéma-direct = Politically driven film movement Valérie = Film associated with the erotic-comic wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary focus of popular cinema in Quebec during the cultural awakening?

<p>Commercial success (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

William Coleman's view is that the new modes of thought in Quebec were primarily driven by a motivated new class.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the rejection of traditional working-class values in Quebec signify?

<p>The search for an alternative way of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary theme reflected in the depiction of society in Valérie?

<p>A mix of obscurity and justice in values (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The characters in Valérie are depicted with deep psychological transparency.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change in societal values does Lever suggest is occurring in relation to Valérie?

<p>A move away from bourgeois values towards authenticity and social engagement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

M. Delaney describes Valérie as presenting a good image of Quebec society that is _____ but just.

<p>obscure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following quotes with their respective themes or authors:

<p>‘You Have A Nice Body. Why Not Use It?’ = Women’s body autonomy ‘They Won’t Even Let a Mother Earn Some Money Go-Go Dancing’ = Societal restrictions on women M. Delaney = Critique of values in Quebec society Lever = Evolution of social values in cinema</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the clerical model of Quebec national history celebrate?

<p>The founding days of New France and rural identity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The political model of Quebec history viewed the conquest of New France as an origin of urban society.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Union Nationale foster regarding the ideology of the francophone peasantry?

<p>Cultural preservation of rural agrarian society</p> Signup and view all the answers

The efforts to create a rural agrarian society in Quebec were largely rooted in the ideology of the _________.

<p>peasantry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following models of Quebec national history with their key characteristics:

<p>Clerical Model = Cherished rural identity and history Political Model = Origin of distinct rural society post-conquest Union Nationale = Fostered peasantry ideology Parti Libéral = Response to urban industrial society</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors describes the grassroots movement of the Quiet Revolution?

<p>Involved an educated, urbanized new bourgeois class (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year is referred to in relation to the traditional morality of Roman Catholic French Canada?

<p>1969 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ideology of the francophone peasantry accurately reflected the economic reality of Quebec society during the postwar era.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Valérie represents women as productive members of society.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic trend was Quebec experiencing during the time discussed?

<p>Industrialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of job does Valérie first take after leaving the convent?

<p>Selling newspapers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Valérie took on the job of a go-go dancer as a way to earn more money and gain _____ in her career.

<p>freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Mother Superior view Valérie's decision to leave the convent?

<p>As abandoning education and a respectable job (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Critics viewed Valérie solely as a representative of changing Quebec morality, without deeper implications.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was highlighted about the job of go-go dancing in terms of financial benefit for women?

<p>It was highly lucrative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the characters or roles with their associated implications:

<p>Valérie = Seeks the good life without hard work Mother Superior = Represents traditional values Marie = A single mother on welfare Critics of the film = Viewed it as conservative despite its themes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterization is given to the 'star' in the context of modern femininity?

<p>She is a woman-object, both offered and inaccessible. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The woman described is seen as a symbol of the modern liberated female who values authenticity.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is highlighted as a critical aspect of the woman modern liberated today?

<p>Her subjectivity and ability to establish genuine relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The woman-object described in the text is seen as _____ yet inaccessible for all.

<p>offered</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the authors/works to their relevant topics:

<p>Loiselle = Subtly Subversive K.Dzeguze = Ottawa's film investment Denyse Therrien = Historical overview of Québec Cinema Y. Cohen = Feminism in Québec</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is associated with the socio-economic realities of Québec?

<p>Film production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

All cited authors agree that women's representation in Québec cinema is aligned with traditional gender roles.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which societal movement in Québec is referenced in relation to culture and independence?

<p>The Independence Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Quebec Film Tradition

A dominant theory in Quebec film that blends documentary and social commentary into realist narratives about the lives of ordinary people.

Cinéma direct

A style of filmmaking that emphasizes direct observation and minimal intervention, using real locations and non-professional actors.

Quiet Revolution

A period of rapid social and cultural change in Quebec, marked by a growing sense of national identity and a rejection of traditional values.

Erotic-comic wave

Films that focus on erotic themes and often feature sexually suggestive content, often regarded as less intellectually stimulating.

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Intellectual Exegesis

The practice of analyzing films in a scholarly way, using a framework of critical theory and historical context.

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Women's Cinema Marginalization

The idea that women's cinema is often marginalized and categorized as a 'cinema of the body', focusing on personal experiences rather than national narratives.

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Nation and Masculinity

A concept that emphasizes the linkage between nationhood and masculine identity in Quebec cinema.

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Feminist Praxis

A form of social and political activism that aims to promote gender equality and challenge patriarchal structures.

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Clerical & Political Models of Quebec National History

The belief that Quebec's cultural preservation rested on a rural, agrarian society, not the cities, and that the peasantry represented the true spirit of Quebec.

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Noble Peasant Image

An idealized image of the French Canadian peasant, representing the rural and traditional values of Quebec, particularly during the Duplessis era.

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Grassroots Movement of the Quiet Revolution

This theory suggests that the Quiet Revolution was led by a new, urbanized, and educated Francophone middle class.

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Industrialization

The process of a society moving from agricultural dependence to industrial production, typically accompanied by urbanization.

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Scientific Management

A management philosophy that emphasizes efficiency, standardization, and scientific methods in the workplace.

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Later Educational and Cultural Reforms

Refers to the educational and cultural reforms implemented by the Parti Libéral in Quebec, reflecting the province's transformation into an urban, industrial society.

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Class & Reorganization of Labor

This theory emphasizes the role of class conflict and economic restructuring in the Quiet Revolution.

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Emergence of a Francophone Middle Class

The rise of a French-speaking middle class in Quebec. This development provided a crucial foundation for the cultural shifts that characterized the Quiet Revolution.

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Refus Global

A movement that brought together artists and intellectuals in Quebec who rejected traditional values and the influence of the Catholic Church in favor of artistic freedom and modernism.

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Rejection of Traditional Values

The shift from traditional values rooted in religion and rural life to a more modern outlook focused on economic and social progress. This change was influenced by the rise of the francophone middle class.

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Policy Initiatives and Social Shifts

The idea that the Quiet Revolution was not just a spontaneous outburst of artistic and intellectual rebellion but also a result of deliberate policy initiatives aimed at fostering economic growth and social change. This perspective suggests that government and industry collaborations played a significant role.

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Popular Cinema and Commercial Success

The view that popular cinema in Quebec, instead of being solely focused on artistic expression, often aimed for commercial success, reflecting the burgeoning consumerism and entertainment preferences of the time.

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The Multifaceted Nature of Cultural Awakening

Recognizing the complex interplay of socio-economic shifts, policy initiatives, and cultural movements that led to the broader cultural awakening of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec, emphasizing how various factors contributed to its transformative nature.

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Valérie

A film that, through its portrayal of a young woman's changing lifestyle, reflects the shifting social norms and morals of Quebec society in the late 1960s. It highlights the rise of consumerism and the evolving roles of women in a society transitioning from traditional values.

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Modern Conception of Women's Roles

The film's representation of female characters as ultimately seductive consumers rather than independent individuals. It highlights a shift from tradition where women were seen as productive members of society.

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Sex Trade as a Way Out of Poverty

The depiction of the sex trade as a potential path out of poverty for working-class women, as illustrated by the example of Marie, a single mother on welfare, who used her earnings as a go-go dancer to support herself.

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Changing Moral Landscape

The film's use of soft-core elements, although considered highly provocative at the time, was seen by some as a reflection of changing social attitudes and a shift in the traditional moral landscape, particularly in Quebec.

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Valérie's Abandonment of Tradition

Valérie's decision to leave the convent symbolizes a rejection of traditional education and the expectations of a respectable career path in favor of a more glamorous and potentially carefree life.

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Quebec's Shifting Moral Compass

The film's portrayal of Quebec society as evolving from a traditional, Roman Catholic perspective, with a growing emphasis on consumerism and a new interpretation of women's roles.

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Valérie and 'Breathless': A Comparison

The comparison of Valérie's working-class lifestyle to the film "Breathless" (1960). Both films, separated by a decade, offer contrasting perspectives on women's roles and aspirations within their respective societies.

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Shifting Focus on Women's Roles: from Production to Consumption

The film's depiction of women's transition from a focus on being productive members of society to being seen as seductive consumers, offering a lens into the evolving role of women in Quebec society.

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Rejection of Bourgeois Values

The concept that traditional bourgeois values, as represented in the film "Valérie," are being abandoned in favor of a more authentic and socially conscious perspective on Quebec society.

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Jansenist Influence on Quebec Cinema

The idea that films from Quebec, even those with controversial themes, often reflect the region's Jansenist Catholic heritage, which emphasizes strict moral dichotomies.

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Women's Bodies in Quebec Film

The exploration of how female characters and their bodies are depicted in Quebec cinema, often seen as mirroring societal views on sexuality and feminism.

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Marginalization of Women's Cinema

The argument that women's cinema in Quebec, focusing on personal stories and experiences, is often marginalized and treated as less important than national narratives.

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Nation and Masculinity in Quebec Film

A critique of the common portrayal of male characters in Quebec Cinema as embodying the values of a nation, often reflecting traditional masculine ideals.

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Social Intervention in Quebec Cinema

This movement involved filmmakers creating films that were more closely aligned with Quebec's social and economic realities. They sought to bridge the gap between filmmaking and intervention in social issues.

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The Contested Image of Women in Quebec Cinema

In Quebec cinema, the traditional, objectified image of the female star is seen clashing with the emerging image of the modern, liberated woman.

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The Star System and the Modern Woman

The traditional 'star system' of cinema, where women are seen as objects for male gaze, no longer aligns with the ideals of the modern, liberated woman.

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The Quiet Revolution in Quebec Cinema

The term refers to a period of social and cultural change in Quebec, which coincided with the emergence of a distinctive film industry.

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Nation and Masculinity in Quebec Cinema

This concept suggests a linkage between nationhood and masculine identity in Quebec cinema. Many films explore this theme through their portrayal of male characters.

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Women's Cinema in Quebec

A movement in Quebec cinema that aimed to portray women in more realistic and authentic ways, often focusing on their personal experiences and struggles.

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Social Realism in Quebec Cinema

Quebec cinema, particularly in the context of the Quiet Revolution, has increasingly focused on addressing real social and economic issues, promoting social change, and exploring identity formation.

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Study Notes

Quebec National Cinema

  • Quebec national cinema often criticized for challenging and provocative portrayals of women's social status.
  • Early filmmakers (e.g., Anne Claire Poirier, Mireille Dansereau, Léa Pool) in the 1970s addressed women's subordination and equality struggles in Quebec.
  • "Important" films vs popular films: popular films enjoy initial success but often fall out of favor during canon formation.
  • Quebec feminist films reflect second-wave feminism in Quebec but their impact on general acceptance remains uncertain due to the contemporary backlash against the term feminism itself.
  • Focus on popularized representation is recommended to represent feminist values and attitudes in a more approachable way.
  • Valérie (1968), despite claimed alignment with modern Quebec and liberated women, only tangentially related to feminist goals.

Valérie Film Analysis

  • Valérie (1968) depicted a runaway convent-school girl entering the sex trade and finding love amidst urban Quebec symbols.
  • It utilized soft-core images that were typical of 1960s Quebec films.
  • The film prioritizes sexuality over other issues like labour or politics.
  • Initially received well, but critically viewed at the time by some for its commercial aspects rather than focusing on its artistic merit.
  • Themes included sexual liberation and the character's struggle with being a 'modern woman' in a patriarchal society.
  • The lead character primarily uses physical imagery rather than dialogue for expression.
  • A controversy ensued due to its depiction of a "rebellious" young woman, suggesting an underlying nationalistic conflict.

Historical Context

  • Valérie was influenced by the Quiet Revolution in Quebec, as well as the rise of second-wave feminism.
  • The Quiet Revolution (1960s) was a period of significant social and political change in Quebec.
  • The Catholic Church held significant influence in Quebec prior to the Quiet Revolution.
  • The traditional role of women in Quebec society was being challenged, with the emergence of a modern, liberal, and artistic cultural movement.
  • Quebec national identity was undergoing a shift, emphasizing Québécois culture and language.

Filmmaker's Approach

  • André Loiselle argues that early Quebec films were concerned with the representation of the body in relation to Quebec nationalism.
  • The film utilizes minimal dialogue in order to broaden its appeal to a wider audience.
  • The cinematic style of Valérie is highly visual and relies on suggestive imagery, rather than traditional narrative formats.

Critical Responses

  • Film critics interpreted Valérie in opposing ways: some saw the film as reflecting a struggle of the new 'modern' Québécois identity, while others criticized it for glorifying sex.
  • Film critics viewed Valérie through a myriad of lenses: aesthetic, sociological, cultural, feminist, and political.

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