Quantum Computing Basics and Supremacy

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Questions and Answers

Which organization is responsible for setting standards for mobile communication?

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) (correct)

What year was the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) formed?

1998 (correct)

1995

2005

2000

Which of the following actions does NOT require the function of an accelerometer?

Detection of mobile network signal strength (correct)

Detection of smartphone tilt for display rotation

Detection of a laptop's free fall to shut off the hard drive

Detection of a car crash for airbag deployment

What is the result of detecting a car crash as per the above actions?

Airbags are deployed almost instantaneously Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a laptop is detected to be in free fall?

The hard drive shuts off immediately Signup and view all the answers

What type of device utilizes accelerometer functions for display mode rotation?

Smartphone Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT a function of an accelerometer based on the actions provided?

Controlling volume levels Signup and view all the answers

How does the accelerometer function when a smartphone is tilted?

It rotates the display between portrait and landscape mode Signup and view all the answers

What does C-DAC stand for?

Centre for Development of Advanced Computing Signup and view all the answers

What was the first Made-in-India Supercomputer launched in 1991?

Param 8000 Signup and view all the answers

What was the financial commitment of the 12th 5-year plan in 2012?

$2.5 billion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of validators in Proof of Work?

To solve complex problems Signup and view all the answers

When was the National Supercomputing Mission launched?

2015 Signup and view all the answers

How many high-performance computing facilities were aimed to be created under the National Supercomputing Mission?

70 Signup and view all the answers

How does Proof of Stake differ from Proof of Work in terms of energy consumption?

Proof of Stake consumes much less energy Signup and view all the answers

Which cryptocurrency is specifically mentioned as using Proof of Work?

Bitcoin Signup and view all the answers

Which initiative was launched in 2020 to promote AI?

Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence Signup and view all the answers

Where is the secretariat for the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence hosted?

OECD, Paris Signup and view all the answers

What do validators receive in Proof of Stake as a form of reward?

Transaction fees Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a proposed law to regulate AI technologies in the European Union?

Artificial Intelligence Act Signup and view all the answers

When did Ethereum transition to using Proof of Stake?

2022 Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Proof of Work regarding validator rewards?

Validators receive rewards for solving complex problems Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the declaration signed at the AI Safety Summit in the UK?

Bletchley Declaration Signup and view all the answers

Which country is NOT listed as a founding member of the Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence?

Russia Signup and view all the answers

A significant disadvantage of a central party managing a ledger is:

It allows for easy modification of transaction data Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about Proof of Stake is false?

It guarantees high rewards for validators Signup and view all the answers

What is the objective of the National Knowledge Network (NKN)?

Link research institutions Signup and view all the answers

What type of rewards does Proof of Work provide that Proof of Stake does not?

Coin rewards Signup and view all the answers

What was created as the first supercomputer after the launch of the National Supercomputing Mission?

Param Shivay Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Proof of Stake contributes to its appeal over Proof of Work?

Lower energy consumption Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the major fire at SCL Mohali occur?

1989 Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of information in a quantum computer?

Qubit Signup and view all the answers

Which principle allows a qubit to take multiple values simultaneously?

Superposition Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes quantum computers from classical computers?

Quantum computers utilize quantum physics. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following applications is NOT mentioned as a use for quantum computers?

Weather forecasting Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the object created through 4D printing technology?

To change its shape in response to environmental factors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can influence the shape change of a 4D printed object?

Color Signup and view all the answers

What concept describes a quantum computer solving a problem faster than a classical computer?

Quantum supremacy Signup and view all the answers

What does net neutrality ensure in relation to internet traffic?

Equal treatment for all internet traffic Signup and view all the answers

What was the time taken by Google’s Sycamore to solve the specific problem compared to the classical supercomputer?

200 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What does the TRAI regulation prohibit regarding telecom operators and data charging?

Charging based on the type of content Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of a physical qubit?

It is a physical device in the computer system. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios is an exception to the net neutrality regulations?

Telemedicine services Signup and view all the answers

Which physicist is associated with the concept of 'spooky action at a distance'?

Albert Einstein Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the recommendations made by TRAI to enforce net neutrality?

Establish a multi-stakeholder body for enforcement Signup and view all the answers

According to net neutrality principles, ISPs are required to provide what under the same conditions?

All traffic at the same speed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of 4D printing?

The creation of objects that adapt to environmental changes Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Quantum Computers

Quantum computers are based on quantum mechanics principles, which deal with physics at the atomic and subatomic level.
Quantum computers leverage photons and electrons to perform operations, while classical computers use transistors.
The basic unit of information in a quantum computer is a qubit, which can hold multiple values at once, unlike a bit in a classical computer.
Quantum computers exhibit superposition, meaning a qubit can be both 0 and 1 simultaneously.

Quantum Supremacy

Quantum computers can solve problems that traditional computers cannot solve in a reasonable amount of time.
Google's Sycamore quantum computer showcased quantum supremacy by solving a problem in 200 seconds that would take the fastest supercomputer 10,000 years.
Entanglement is a key quantum phenomenon that allows qubits to influence each other instantaneously, even over large distances.

Supercomputers in India

India created the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) in 1987/88 under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (Meity).
In 1991 India developed "Param 8000," the first Made-in-India supercomputer, which followed a series of other supercomputers.
The 12th Five Year Plan (2012) allocated 2.5 billion dollars for supercomputing development in India.
The National Supercomputing Mission was launched in 2015, aiming to build a network of high-performance computing facilities across India, effectively creating a supercomputing grid.

National Supercomputing Mission

This mission is implemented by C-DAC under the Ministry of Science and Technology and Meity.
It aims to develop 70 high-performance computing facilities across India, creating a supercomputing grid.
The National Supercomputing Mission is also connected to the National Knowledge Network (NKN), which was launched in 2010 to connect research institutions through a high-bandwidth network.

Artificial Intelligence

The Global Partnership on Artificial Intelligence was launched in 2020, with its secretariat hosted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris.
It aims to encourage the development of safe and secure AI.
The Hiroshima AI Process was launched at the 2023 G7 summit in Japan to promote safe and secure AI development.
The Artificial Intelligence Act is a proposed law in the European Union aimed at regulating AI technology.
The AI Safety Summit, held in Bletchley, UK, led to the Bletchley Declaration, which was signed by 28 countries, including the EU, USA, India, and China.

Proof of Work and Proof of Stake

Proof of Work is a cryptographic mechanism often used in cryptocurrencies.
Validators solve complex problems, which require significant energy consumption.
Bitcoin employs Proof of Work as its consensus mechanism.
Proof of Stake is another consensus mechanism.
Validators stake their cryptocurrency as collateral to validate transactions.
Proof of Stake is energy-efficient compared to Proof of Work.
Ethereum transitioned to Proof of Stake in 2022.

4D Printing

A type of 3D printing that involves creating objects that can change their shape and form in response to environmental factors.
These objects can change shape based on changes in light, moisture, temperature, pressure, electricity, pH, etc.

Net Neutrality

The principle that all internet traffic should be treated equally, regardless of content, application, or service.
Internet service providers (ISPs) should not give preference to any specific content and should provide all users with the same speed and quality of service under similar conditions.

3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)

This is a group of 7 international telecommunication organizations that sets standards for mobile communication.
Founded in 1998, 3GPP’s headquarters are based in France.

Accelerometer

An electronic device that measures acceleration forces including the acceleration of gravity.
Accelerometers are deployed in various applications to detect changes in motion.
Accelerometers are used in:
- Detecting car crashes to trigger airbags
- Detecting falls to protect sensitive devices like laptop hard drives
- Detecting smartphone tilt to rotate the display between portrait and landscape modes.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of quantum computers, focusing on their principles derived from quantum mechanics. This quiz delves into concepts like qubits, superposition, and the groundbreaking achievements of quantum supremacy demonstrated by Google's Sycamore. Learn about the power and potential of quantum computing compared to traditional computers.