Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic feature of descriptive research?
What is a characteristic feature of descriptive research?
- It describes phenomena that occur in nature. (correct)
- It establishes cause-effect relationships.
- It requires manipulation of the independent variable.
- It involves random sampling of subjects.
In correlational research, what is the primary aim?
In correlational research, what is the primary aim?
- To identify relationships between two variables. (correct)
- To manipulate dependent variables.
- To randomize sample selection.
- To conduct experiments with control groups.
What distinguishes quasi-experimental research from true experimental research?
What distinguishes quasi-experimental research from true experimental research?
- Quasi-experimental research is more reliable than true experimental research.
- Quasi-experimental research does not randomly assign samples. (correct)
- Quasi-experimental research can determine causation.
- Quasi-experimental research uses random sampling.
Which group in experimental research receives the treatment or intervention?
Which group in experimental research receives the treatment or intervention?
What role does the independent variable play in experimental research?
What role does the independent variable play in experimental research?
During which stage of an experiment is data collected prior to the intervention?
During which stage of an experiment is data collected prior to the intervention?
What is a defining characteristic of a true experimental design?
What is a defining characteristic of a true experimental design?
What is the primary goal of research in the experimental design field?
What is the primary goal of research in the experimental design field?
What distinguishes a single-subject design from other experimental designs?
What distinguishes a single-subject design from other experimental designs?
What type of analysis can be performed on the results of experimental research?
What type of analysis can be performed on the results of experimental research?
What is the independent variable in a scientific inquiry?
What is the independent variable in a scientific inquiry?
Which characteristic of quantitative research ensures that results can be applied to a larger population?
Which characteristic of quantitative research ensures that results can be applied to a larger population?
What is a potential weakness of quantitative research due to sample size requirements?
What is a potential weakness of quantitative research due to sample size requirements?
Why is objectivity considered a characteristic of quantitative research?
Why is objectivity considered a characteristic of quantitative research?
Which of the following best describes the correlation of variables in quantitative research?
Which of the following best describes the correlation of variables in quantitative research?
What is the role of the independent variable in a scientific inquiry?
What is the role of the independent variable in a scientific inquiry?
Which characteristic of quantitative research describes its ability to be repeated by other researchers?
Which characteristic of quantitative research describes its ability to be repeated by other researchers?
What is a major weakness of quantitative research?
What is a major weakness of quantitative research?
What does generalizability refer to in the context of quantitative research?
What does generalizability refer to in the context of quantitative research?
Why is objectivity an important characteristic of quantitative research?
Why is objectivity an important characteristic of quantitative research?
What is the primary characteristic of descriptive research?
What is the primary characteristic of descriptive research?
Which type of research design can identify relationships without establishing cause-effect?
Which type of research design can identify relationships without establishing cause-effect?
In experimental research, what is the role of the control group?
In experimental research, what is the role of the control group?
What distinguishes true experimental research from quasi-experimental research?
What distinguishes true experimental research from quasi-experimental research?
What is the independent variable in an experimental study?
What is the independent variable in an experimental study?
In which stage do researchers measure the effects of the treatment after an intervention?
In which stage do researchers measure the effects of the treatment after an intervention?
What does the term 'single-subject design' refer to in experimental research?
What does the term 'single-subject design' refer to in experimental research?
Which type of analysis is appropriate for interpreting the results of experimental research?
Which type of analysis is appropriate for interpreting the results of experimental research?
What is a fundamental goal of experimental research?
What is a fundamental goal of experimental research?
Which type of research design uses both experimental and control groups but does not employ random assignment?
Which type of research design uses both experimental and control groups but does not employ random assignment?
Flashcards
Variable
Variable
A factor that can be changed or measured in a scientific study, usually described numerically.
Independent variable
Independent variable
The factor that is intentionally changed or manipulated in an experiment. It influences the dependent variable.
Dependent variable
Dependent variable
The factor that is being measured or observed in an experiment. It is influenced by the independent variable.
Quantitative research
Quantitative research
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Objectivity in quantitative research
Objectivity in quantitative research
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Descriptive Research
Descriptive Research
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Correlational Research
Correlational Research
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Quasi-experimental Research
Quasi-experimental Research
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True Experimental Research
True Experimental Research
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Experimental Group
Experimental Group
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Control Group
Control Group
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Actual Intervention Stage
Actual Intervention Stage
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Pretest
Pretest
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Controllability in quantitative research
Controllability in quantitative research
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Generalizability in quantitative research
Generalizability in quantitative research
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Replicability in quantitative research
Replicability in quantitative research
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Posttest
Posttest
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True experiment
True experiment
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Quasi-experiment
Quasi-experiment
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Single-subject design
Single-subject design
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Pre-experimental design
Pre-experimental design
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Inferential analysis
Inferential analysis
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Study Notes
Quantitative Research
- Focuses on numerical data to describe phenomena and infer relationships
- Employs variables (factors) to understand relationships
- Variables are traits numerically describing objects, phenomena, or groups
- Common in scientific inquiry for testing hypotheses
- Two main types of variables:
- Independent variable: manipulated factor
- Dependent variable: measured factor affected by the independent variable
- Variables are also called factors, representing relationships between different factors
Characteristics of Quantitative Research
- Controllability: Researchers aim to control all variables impacting a relationship or phenomenon.
- Generalizability: Results are representative of a larger population using larger sample sizes.
- Objectivity: Data are measurable using structured instruments.
- Replicability: Other researchers can reproduce the study and obtain similar outcomes.
Strengths of Quantitative Research
- Statistical analyses aid data interpretation
- Can undertake large-scale research to represent populations
- Data presentation in graphs and tables simplifies understanding
Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
- Large sample sizes require significant time and resources
- Statistical analysis often demands expert knowledge
- Oversimplification of observations to numerical values
Types of Quantitative Research
-
Experimental Research: Investigates cause-and-effect relationships.
- Uses both experimental and control groups, with random assignment of participants.
- Independent variable manipulated to observe dependent variable changes.
- Intervention (treatment) in the experimental group
-
Components of Experimental Research:
- Respondents (Groups): Experimental group receives treatment (intervention) and control group does not.
- Variables: Independent variable is the treatment, dependent is the outcome.
- Strategies of Experimental Procedure:
- Intervention stage: variables interaction occurs
- Pretest: before intervention
- Posttest: after intervention
- Instrumentation and Materials: Tools to measure observations
- Research Designs:
- Pre-experimental: single experimental group
- True experiment: random assignment in experimental and controlled group
- Quasi-experiment: groups not randomly assigned. Random sampling not possible due to inherent or ethical limitations.
- Single-subject design: research participant only.
-
Data Analysis and Interpretation:
- Descriptive or inferential methods (appropriate statistical tests).
- Aim is to establish cause-and-effect, not correlation.
- Types of research:
- Descriptive Research: Describes variables or phenomena in nature.
- Correlational Research: Investigates relationships between two variables.
- Quasi-experimental Research: Similar to experiments, but cannot control all variables. Random sampling not possible due to inherent or ethical reasons.
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