Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary aim of quantitative research?
What is the primary aim of quantitative research?
Which of the following accurately describes qualitative research?
Which of the following accurately describes qualitative research?
What is the primary characteristic required for conducting a cohort study?
What is the primary characteristic required for conducting a cohort study?
Which study design is especially valuable when little is known about a phenomenon?
Which study design is especially valuable when little is known about a phenomenon?
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What is a characteristic feature of cross-sectional studies?
What is a characteristic feature of cross-sectional studies?
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What type of study design is most appropriate for measuring the effectiveness of a program?
What type of study design is most appropriate for measuring the effectiveness of a program?
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What distinguishes oral history from other study designs?
What distinguishes oral history from other study designs?
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Which of the following best describes the approach of qualitative research?
Which of the following best describes the approach of qualitative research?
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In qualitative research, what is the primary goal of focus groups?
In qualitative research, what is the primary goal of focus groups?
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What is a key characteristic of participant observation as a research method?
What is a key characteristic of participant observation as a research method?
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Which type of study involves the least number of contacts with study participants?
Which type of study involves the least number of contacts with study participants?
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What is the primary function of using the before-and-after study design?
What is the primary function of using the before-and-after study design?
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Which of the following is not a common design used in qualitative research?
Which of the following is not a common design used in qualitative research?
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Quantitative research places a greater emphasis on which of the following?
Quantitative research places a greater emphasis on which of the following?
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What is typically the outcome of a cohort study?
What is typically the outcome of a cohort study?
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Which method involves obtaining consent from group members before observing their activities?
Which method involves obtaining consent from group members before observing their activities?
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What is the primary purpose of a longitudinal study design?
What is the primary purpose of a longitudinal study design?
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Which study design focuses on the outcomes of a phenomenon likely to occur in the future?
Which study design focuses on the outcomes of a phenomenon likely to occur in the future?
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What is a potential issue with the longitudinal study design?
What is a potential issue with the longitudinal study design?
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What does a retrospective study design primarily rely on?
What does a retrospective study design primarily rely on?
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What distinguishes a retrospective-prospective study design from the others?
What distinguishes a retrospective-prospective study design from the others?
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Which study design should be employed to understand how phenomena have changed over time?
Which study design should be employed to understand how phenomena have changed over time?
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Why might a researcher choose a longitudinal study design over a cross-sectional design?
Why might a researcher choose a longitudinal study design over a cross-sectional design?
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What is a characteristic feature of trend studies?
What is a characteristic feature of trend studies?
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Study Notes
Quantitative and Qualitative Research
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Quantitative Research: Structured methodology aimed at quantifying variations in phenomena and measuring variables objectively.
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Focuses on analytical communication of findings to draw generalizable conclusions.
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Qualitative Research: Emphasizes understanding diverse human experiences such as feelings and perceptions through flexible inquiry.
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Prioritizes descriptive narratives over measurement, with a reduced emphasis on generalizations.
Study Design in Quantitative Research
- Two principal factors in study design: number of contacts with the study population and the reference period.
Number of Contacts with the Study Population
- Cross-Sectional Studies: Analyze a snapshot in time to ascertain prevalence of an issue. Involves a single contact.
- Before-and-After Studies: Assess the impact of an intervention by comparing data collected before and after the event.
- Longitudinal Studies: Collect data from the same population over time to observe trends and changes. Requires multiple contacts, can vary in intervals.
Reference Period of the Study
- Retrospective Study Design: Investigates past phenomena using available data or respondents' recollections.
- Prospective Study Design: Focuses on predicting future phenomena by establishing potential outcomes based on interventions.
- Retrospective-Prospective Study Design: Combines historical data collection with future monitoring to examine trends over time.
Other Designs in Quantitative Research
- Online Surveys: Efficiently gather data from broad populations via digital platforms.
- Trend Studies: Analyze changes in attitudes or phenomena over time through multiple observation points.
- Cohort Studies: Examine a population subgroup sharing a common characteristic (e.g., year of graduation) for longitudinal insights.
Study Designs in Qualitative Research
- Four primary qualitative study designs include case studies, oral history, focus groups, and participant observation.
Case Study
- In-depth exploration of a specific instance or group to gain a holistic understanding of phenomena where limited knowledge exists.
Oral History
- A method of collecting data through personal accounts and experiences, focusing on individual perceptions and historical narratives.
Focus Groups/Group Interviews
- Facilitate discussions among participants to explore collective insights on issues, products, or services through the researcher’s prompts.
Participant Observation
- Researcher engages with a group to observe interactions and dynamics, recording detailed observations with consent from group members.
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Description
Test your understanding of quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. This quiz covers key concepts, study designs, and the differences between these two approaches. Explore terms like cross-sectional studies and longitudinal studies to enhance your knowledge in research design.
